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{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zacząć"
},
"expansion": "Polish: zacząć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: zacząć"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "zaczōńć"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: zaczōńć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: zaczōńć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*začęti",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *začęti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*začęti"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *začęti",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*za-",
"3": "*čęti",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*za- + *čęti",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1500"
},
"expansion": "First attested in c. 1500.",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *začęti, from *za- + *čęti. First attested in c. 1500.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zaczynać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"impf": "zaczynać"
},
"expansion": "zacząć pf (imperfective zaczynać)",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to start, to begin"
],
"id": "en-zacząć-zlw-opl-verb-vj6JUKUr",
"links": [
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "zaczynacz"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/zat͡ʃʲɑ̃t͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/zat͡ʃʲɑ̃t͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "zacząć"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zacząć od pieca"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zaczynać od pieca"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zaczęły się schody"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zaczynają się schody"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "zacząć",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish zacząć",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "zacząć"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish zacząć",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish zacząć.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zaczynać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "perfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ap",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "zacząć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "zacznę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczniemy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczniesz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczniecie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zacznie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczną",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zacznie się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "zacząłem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zaczął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zaczęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zaczęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy zaczęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy zaczęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zacząłeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zaczął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zaczęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zaczęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście zaczęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście zaczęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "zacząłbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zaczął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zaczęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zaczęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęlibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy zaczęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy zaczęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zacząłbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zaczął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zaczęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zaczęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęlibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście zaczęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście zaczęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zacząłby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaczął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaczęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaczęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaczęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaczęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęto by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zacznę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zacznijmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zacznij",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zacznijcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zacznie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zaczną",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęty",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zacząwszy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"anterior",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"impf": "zaczynać"
},
"expansion": "zacząć pf (imperfective zaczynać)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"za‧cząć"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zacząć",
"2": "zacznę",
"3": "zacznie",
"4": "zaczną",
"5": "zaczą",
"6": "zaczę",
"7": "zaczę",
"8": "zacznij",
"ap": "zacząwszy",
"ip": "zaczęto",
"pp": "zaczęt",
"pp2": "zaczęci",
"vn": "zaczęcie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ap"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 13 3 15 1 16 14 2 6 5 2 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to start, to begin (to do something previously not done) [+infinitive = to do what]",
"to start, to begin (to do something previously not done)"
],
"id": "en-zacząć-pl-verb-8tU5sp0i",
"links": [
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to start, to begin (to do something previously not done) [+infinitive = to do what]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "jąć"
},
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
},
{
"word": "wszcząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 13 3 15 1 16 14 2 6 5 2 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to start (to enter the first stages of something) [+infinitive = to do what]",
"to start (to enter the first stages of something)"
],
"id": "en-zacząć-pl-verb-AUga58Fm",
"links": [
[
"start",
"start"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to start (to enter the first stages of something) [+infinitive = to do what]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to begin (to do something as the first of a series of actions) [+instrumental = with what], [+ od (genitive) = from what]",
"to begin (to do something as the first of a series of actions) [+instrumental = with what],"
],
"id": "en-zacząć-pl-verb-BfPuSmoH",
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"od",
"od#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to begin (to do something as the first of a series of actions) [+instrumental = with what], [+ od (genitive) = from what]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 13 3 15 1 16 14 2 6 5 2 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to begin, to start (to take on a particular profession) [+ jako (nominative) = as what], [+ w (locative) = in what field]",
"to begin, to start (to take on a particular profession) [+ jako (nominative) = as what],"
],
"id": "en-zacząć-pl-verb-cgpcIoEu",
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"jako",
"jako#Polish"
],
[
"w",
"w#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to begin, to start (to take on a particular profession) [+ jako (nominative) = as what], [+ w (locative) = in what field]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to begin (to open and start using something previously unused)"
],
"id": "en-zacząć-pl-verb-C2p5lhqG",
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to begin (to open and start using something previously unused)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "napocząć"
},
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 13 3 15 1 16 14 2 6 5 2 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to begin (to say something at first and continue speaking afterwards) [+ o (locative) = about what]",
"to begin (to say something at first and continue speaking afterwards)"
],
"id": "en-zacząć-pl-verb-77BM~rzn",
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"o",
"o#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to begin (to say something at first and continue speaking afterwards) [+ o (locative) = about what]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 13 3 15 1 16 14 2 6 5 2 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to start walking",
"text": "zacząć chodzić",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to begin, to start (to gain a particular ability) [+infinitive = to do what]",
"to begin, to start (to gain a particular ability)"
],
"id": "en-zacząć-pl-verb-TDxIVMl5",
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"start",
"start"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to begin, to start (to gain a particular ability) [+infinitive = to do what]"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "But he started it!",
"text": "Ale to on zaczął!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to start (to be the cause of conflict)"
],
"id": "en-zacząć-pl-verb-YsNX5yfI",
"links": [
[
"start",
"start"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to start (to be the cause of conflict)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to enter pregnancy, to become pregnant"
],
"id": "en-zacząć-pl-verb-fm6Hcaza",
"links": [
[
"enter",
"enter"
],
[
"pregnancy",
"pregnancy"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"pregnant",
"pregnant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) to enter pregnancy, to become pregnant"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zajść w ciążę"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "skończyć"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The meeting has started.",
"text": "Spotkanie się zaczęło.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to start, to begin (of events, etc., to have a beginning; to be initiated)"
],
"id": "en-zacząć-pl-verb-3Lf6SLin",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to start, to begin (of events, etc., to have a beginning; to be initiated)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "skończyć"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to start, to begin (of places, etc., to have an edge; to be first seen somewhere)"
],
"id": "en-zacząć-pl-verb-hFC560dG",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to start, to begin (of places, etc., to have an edge; to be first seen somewhere)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to start, to begin (of periods, etc., to have the initial phase and continue to last)"
],
"id": "en-zacząć-pl-verb-nrW8DWd-",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to start, to begin (of periods, etc., to have the initial phase and continue to last)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nastać"
},
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to start, to begin (to be the first of a collection of events) [+instrumental = with what], [+ od (genitive) = from what], [+ z (instrumental) = with what]",
"to start, to begin (to be the first of a collection of events) [+instrumental = with what], [+ od (genitive) = from what],"
],
"id": "en-zacząć-pl-verb-fxzLjqlN",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"od",
"od#Polish"
],
[
"z",
"z#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to start, to begin (to be the first of a collection of events) [+instrumental = with what], [+ od (genitive) = from what], [+ z (instrumental) = with what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈza.t͡ʂɔɲt͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈza.t͡ʂɔ̃t͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-at͡ʂɔɲt͡ɕ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "zacząć"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zacząć"
},
"expansion": "Polish: zacząć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: zacząć"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "zaczōńć"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: zaczōńć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: zaczōńć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*začęti",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *začęti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*začęti"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *začęti",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*za-",
"3": "*čęti",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*za- + *čęti",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1500"
},
"expansion": "First attested in c. 1500.",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *začęti, from *za- + *čęti. First attested in c. 1500.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zaczynać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"impf": "zaczynać"
},
"expansion": "zacząć pf (imperfective zaczynać)",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "zaczynacz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish perfective verbs",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to start, to begin"
],
"links": [
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/zat͡ʃʲɑ̃t͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/zat͡ʃʲɑ̃t͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "zacząć"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish perfective verbs",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish verbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/at͡ʂɔɲt͡ɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/at͡ʂɔɲt͡ɕ/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zacząć od pieca"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zaczynać od pieca"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zaczęły się schody"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zaczynają się schody"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "zacząć",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish zacząć",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "zacząć"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish zacząć",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish zacząć.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zaczynać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "perfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ap",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "zacząć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "zacznę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczniemy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczniesz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczniecie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zacznie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczną",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zacznie się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "zacząłem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zaczął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zaczęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zaczęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy zaczęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy zaczęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zacząłeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zaczął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zaczęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zaczęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście zaczęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście zaczęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "zacząłbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zaczął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zaczęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zaczęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęlibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy zaczęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy zaczęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zacząłbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zaczął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zaczęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zaczęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęlibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście zaczęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście zaczęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zacząłby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaczął",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaczęła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaczęło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaczęli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęłyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaczęły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęto by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zacznę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zacznijmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zacznij",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zacznijcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zacznie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zaczną",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęty",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zacząwszy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"anterior",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "zaczęcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"impf": "zaczynać"
},
"expansion": "zacząć pf (imperfective zaczynać)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"za‧cząć"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zacząć",
"2": "zacznę",
"3": "zacznie",
"4": "zaczną",
"5": "zaczą",
"6": "zaczę",
"7": "zaczę",
"8": "zacznij",
"ap": "zacząwszy",
"ip": "zaczęto",
"pp": "zaczęt",
"pp2": "zaczęci",
"vn": "zaczęcie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ap"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to start, to begin (to do something previously not done) [+infinitive = to do what]",
"to start, to begin (to do something previously not done)"
],
"links": [
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to start, to begin (to do something previously not done) [+infinitive = to do what]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "jąć"
},
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
},
{
"word": "wszcząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to start (to enter the first stages of something) [+infinitive = to do what]",
"to start (to enter the first stages of something)"
],
"links": [
[
"start",
"start"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to start (to enter the first stages of something) [+infinitive = to do what]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to begin (to do something as the first of a series of actions) [+instrumental = with what], [+ od (genitive) = from what]",
"to begin (to do something as the first of a series of actions) [+instrumental = with what],"
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"od",
"od#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to begin (to do something as the first of a series of actions) [+instrumental = with what], [+ od (genitive) = from what]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to begin, to start (to take on a particular profession) [+ jako (nominative) = as what], [+ w (locative) = in what field]",
"to begin, to start (to take on a particular profession) [+ jako (nominative) = as what],"
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"jako",
"jako#Polish"
],
[
"w",
"w#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to begin, to start (to take on a particular profession) [+ jako (nominative) = as what], [+ w (locative) = in what field]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to begin (to open and start using something previously unused)"
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to begin (to open and start using something previously unused)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "napocząć"
},
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to begin (to say something at first and continue speaking afterwards) [+ o (locative) = about what]",
"to begin (to say something at first and continue speaking afterwards)"
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"o",
"o#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to begin (to say something at first and continue speaking afterwards) [+ o (locative) = about what]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish intransitive verbs",
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to start walking",
"text": "zacząć chodzić",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to begin, to start (to gain a particular ability) [+infinitive = to do what]",
"to begin, to start (to gain a particular ability)"
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"start",
"start"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to begin, to start (to gain a particular ability) [+infinitive = to do what]"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish intransitive verbs",
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "But he started it!",
"text": "Ale to on zaczął!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to start (to be the cause of conflict)"
],
"links": [
[
"start",
"start"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to start (to be the cause of conflict)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish intransitive verbs",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to enter pregnancy, to become pregnant"
],
"links": [
[
"enter",
"enter"
],
[
"pregnancy",
"pregnancy"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"pregnant",
"pregnant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) to enter pregnancy, to become pregnant"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zajść w ciążę"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "skończyć"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs",
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The meeting has started.",
"text": "Spotkanie się zaczęło.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to start, to begin (of events, etc., to have a beginning; to be initiated)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to start, to begin (of events, etc., to have a beginning; to be initiated)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "skończyć"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to start, to begin (of places, etc., to have an edge; to be first seen somewhere)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to start, to begin (of places, etc., to have an edge; to be first seen somewhere)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to start, to begin (of periods, etc., to have the initial phase and continue to last)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to start, to begin (of periods, etc., to have the initial phase and continue to last)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nastać"
},
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to start, to begin (to be the first of a collection of events) [+instrumental = with what], [+ od (genitive) = from what], [+ z (instrumental) = with what]",
"to start, to begin (to be the first of a collection of events) [+instrumental = with what], [+ od (genitive) = from what],"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"od",
"od#Polish"
],
[
"z",
"z#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to start, to begin (to be the first of a collection of events) [+instrumental = with what], [+ od (genitive) = from what], [+ z (instrumental) = with what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rozpocząć"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈza.t͡ʂɔɲt͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈza.t͡ʂɔ̃t͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-at͡ʂɔɲt͡ɕ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "zacząć"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.