See winkōn on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wincian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: wincian\nMiddle English: wynken, wink, winke, wynk, wynke, wynkyn, winkin (Early Middle English)\nEnglish: wink\nScots: wink",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: wincian\nMiddle English: wynken, wink, winke, wynk, wynke, wynkyn, winkin (Early Middle English)\nEnglish: wink\nScots: wink"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*winkia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *winkia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *winkia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "winkje"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: winkje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: winkje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "winkje"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: winkje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: winkje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "winkōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: winkōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: winkōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "winken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: winken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: winken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "winken"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: winken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: winken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "vinke",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: vinke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: vinke"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "vinka",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: vinka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: vinka"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "vinke",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian: vinke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian: vinke"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*winkon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *winkon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *winkon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "winken",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Middle Dutch: winken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Middle Dutch: winken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "winken",
"qq": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: winken (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: winken (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "wink"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: wink",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: wink"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-ōn",
"alt1": "*wenk",
"id2": "denominative"
},
"expansion": "*wenk + *-ōn",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weng-",
"t": "to bend (over)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weng- (“to bend (over)”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "véngiu",
"t": "avoid"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian véngiu (“avoid”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from unattested *wenk + *-ōn, from Proto-Indo-European *weng- (“to bend (over)”). Perhaps cognate with Lithuanian véngiu (“avoid”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "winkō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winkō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*winkōn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/winkōn",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "wankijan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "wankōn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "winkijan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to blink, wink, close one's eyes"
],
"id": "en-winkōn-gmw-pro-verb-JliyP-qG",
"links": [
[
"blink",
"blink"
],
[
"wink",
"wink"
],
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"eyes",
"eyes"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*blinkan"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ōn (denominative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to wave, nod"
],
"id": "en-winkōn-gmw-pro-verb-uFAxaxkj",
"links": [
[
"wave",
"wave"
],
[
"nod",
"nod"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*hnodōn"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "winkōn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ōn (denominative)",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wincian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: wincian\nMiddle English: wynken, wink, winke, wynk, wynke, wynkyn, winkin (Early Middle English)\nEnglish: wink\nScots: wink",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: wincian\nMiddle English: wynken, wink, winke, wynk, wynke, wynkyn, winkin (Early Middle English)\nEnglish: wink\nScots: wink"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*winkia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *winkia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *winkia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "winkje"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: winkje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: winkje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "winkje"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: winkje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: winkje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "winkōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: winkōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: winkōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "winken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: winken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: winken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "winken"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: winken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: winken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "vinke",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: vinke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: vinke"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "vinka",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: vinka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: vinka"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "vinke",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian: vinke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian: vinke"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*winkon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *winkon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *winkon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "winken",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Middle Dutch: winken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Middle Dutch: winken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "winken",
"qq": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: winken (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: winken (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "wink"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: wink",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: wink"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-ōn",
"alt1": "*wenk",
"id2": "denominative"
},
"expansion": "*wenk + *-ōn",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weng-",
"t": "to bend (over)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weng- (“to bend (over)”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "véngiu",
"t": "avoid"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian véngiu (“avoid”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from unattested *wenk + *-ōn, from Proto-Indo-European *weng- (“to bend (over)”). Perhaps cognate with Lithuanian véngiu (“avoid”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "winkō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winkō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "winkō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "winkōd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*winkōn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/winkōn",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "wankijan"
},
{
"word": "wankōn"
},
{
"word": "winkijan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Eye",
"gmw-pro:Facial expressions"
],
"glosses": [
"to blink, wink, close one's eyes"
],
"links": [
[
"blink",
"blink"
],
[
"wink",
"wink"
],
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"eyes",
"eyes"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*blinkan"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Body language"
],
"glosses": [
"to wave, nod"
],
"links": [
[
"wave",
"wave"
],
[
"nod",
"nod"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*hnodōn"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "winkōn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for winkōn meaning in All languages combined (7.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.