"wendigo" meaning in All languages combined

See wendigo on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈwɛndɪɡəʊ/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈwɛndiɡoʊ/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wendigo.wav [Southern-England] Forms: wendigo [plural], wendigos [plural], wendigoes [plural]
Etymology: Borrowed from Ojibwe wiindigoo, from Proto-Algonquian *wi·nteko·wa (“owl; malevolent spirit, cannibalistic monster”). Compare Cree wihtikow, ᐃᐧᐦᑎᑯᐤ (iyhtikow, “greedy person; cannibal; giant man-eating monster”). Etymology templates: {{glossary|loanword|Borrowed}} Borrowed, {{bor|en|oj|wiindigoo|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Ojibwe wiindigoo, {{bor+|en|oj|wiindigoo}} Borrowed from Ojibwe wiindigoo, {{der|en|alg-pro|*wi·nteko·wa||owl; malevolent spirit, cannibalistic monster}} Proto-Algonquian *wi·nteko·wa (“owl; malevolent spirit, cannibalistic monster”), {{cog|cr|wihtikow}} Cree wihtikow, {{m|cr|ᐃᐧᐦᑎᑯᐤ||greedy person; cannibal; giant man-eating monster}} ᐃᐧᐦᑎᑯᐤ (iyhtikow, “greedy person; cannibal; giant man-eating monster”) Head templates: {{en-noun|wendigo|s|es}} wendigo (plural wendigo or wendigos or wendigoes)
  1. (mythology) A malevolent and violent cannibal spirit found in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology, which is said to inhabit the body of a living person and possess him or her to commit murder. Categories (topical): Mythological creatures Synonyms: wetiko, wihtikow, witigo, witiko (english: derived from Cree) Translations (malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology): وِينْدِيجُو (wīndījū) (Arabic), վենդիգո (vendigo) (Armenian), վինդիգո (vindigo) (Armenian), 溫迪哥 (Chinese Mandarin), 温迪哥 (wēndígē) (Chinese Mandarin), vendiko (Esperanto), wendigo [masculine] (French), Wendigo (German), ウェンディゴ (Japanese), 웬디고 (wendigo) (Korean), ве́ндиго (véndigo) [neuter] (Macedonian), وندیگو (Persian), wîhtikow (Plains Cree), ᐑᐦᑎᑯᐤ (Plains Cree), ве́ндиго (véndigo) [masculine] (Russian), виндиго (vindigo) [masculine] (Russian), เวนดิโก (Thai), вендіго (vendiho) [masculine] (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-wendigo-en-noun--u2GeFN4 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 55 45 Topics: human-sciences, mysticism, mythology, philosophy, sciences Disambiguation of 'malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology': 96 4
  2. Synonym of splake (“kind of hybrid fish”) Synonyms: splake [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-wendigo-en-noun-J5y0GoxP Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 55 45
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: weendigo, wiindigoo, windago, windiga, windigo, witigo Derived forms: wendigo psychosis

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for wendigo meaning in All languages combined (11.8kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "wendigo psychosis"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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      "args": {
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        "4": "",
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        "ts": ""
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      "expansion": "Ojibwe wiindigoo",
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        "3": "*wi·nteko·wa",
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        "5": "owl; malevolent spirit, cannibalistic monster"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Algonquian *wi·nteko·wa (“owl; malevolent spirit, cannibalistic monster”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cr",
        "2": "wihtikow"
      },
      "expansion": "Cree wihtikow",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cr",
        "2": "ᐃᐧᐦᑎᑯᐤ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "greedy person; cannibal; giant man-eating monster"
      },
      "expansion": "ᐃᐧᐦᑎᑯᐤ (iyhtikow, “greedy person; cannibal; giant man-eating monster”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ojibwe wiindigoo, from Proto-Algonquian *wi·nteko·wa (“owl; malevolent spirit, cannibalistic monster”). Compare Cree wihtikow, ᐃᐧᐦᑎᑯᐤ (iyhtikow, “greedy person; cannibal; giant man-eating monster”).",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "wendigo",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
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      "form": "wendigos",
      "tags": [
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      "form": "wendigoes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
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  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "wendigo",
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      "name": "en-noun"
    }
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  "hyphenation": [
    "wen‧di‧go"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Mythological creatures",
          "orig": "en:Mythological creatures",
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          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1905, Ernest Thompson Seton, “The Wendigo: Winter Death”, in Woodmyth & Fable, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC, page 161",
          "text": "Through the pine woods of Keewaydin, / Over the snows of Shebandowan, / The Wendigo roams in the winter's frost / And pursues to destruction the hunter. / Yet no man can meet with the Wendigo, / No man can face him or see him; / Only his track in the snow is seen, / And lost is the hunter that sees it. […] The heart that ne'er quailed on the war-path / Turns to stone at the name of the Wendigo.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1984, Louise Erdrich, “Windigo”, in Jacklight, New York, N.Y.: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston",
          "text": "The Windigo is a flesh-eating, wintry demon with a man buried deep inside of it. In some Chippewa stories, a young girl vanquishes this monster by forcing boiling lard down its throat, thereby releasing the human at the core of ice.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1988 fall, Robert A. Brightman, “The Windigo in the Material World”, in Ethnohistory, volume 35, number 4, →DOI, →ISSN, →JSTOR, page 337",
          "text": "The noun windigo [Ojibwa wīntikō, Cree wīhtikōw] refers to one of a class of anthropophagous monsters, “supernatural” from a non-Algonquian perspective, who exhibit grotesque physical and behavioral abnormalities and possess great spiritual and physical power.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1998, Sidney L. Harring, “‘The Enforcement of the Extreme Penalty’: Canadian Law and the Ojibwa-Cree Spirit World”, in White Man’s Law: Native People in Nineteenth-century Canadian Jurisprudence, Toronto, Ont., Buffalo, N.Y., London: Published for The Osgoode Society for Canadian Legal History by University of Toronto Press",
          "text": "A series of ‘wendigo’ killings – a ‘wendigo’ was an evil spirit clothed in human flesh – brought to the attention of Canadian law around the turn of the twentieth century represent the extension of Canadian law to the heart of traditional Indian culture. These killings, however, also represent the extent to which some of the First Nations defied or ignored that law. […] Machekequonabe, an Ojibwa, was found guilty of manslaughter in an 1896 trial for killing what he believed to be a wendigo. […] Furthermore, in additional cases it seems that Indians, in order to protect their religious and cultural beliefs from Canadian law, carefully distorted the facts of homicide cases to conceal that they were wendigo killings.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2004 September, Michael Jensen, chapter 9, in Firelands, Los Angeles, Calif.: Alyson Books, page 130",
          "text": "Suddenly, I was certain what I had found had been the rest of the dead girl. I told the others about it, then added, \"God Almighty. It must have been eating her.\" / \"I think I know this creature,\" said Gwennie, and we all looked at her. \"It called a wendigo. A most terrible thing.\" […] / Gwennie shook her head. \"It is an evil creature. I hear of it once when I traveled far from here. The Ojibwe brave who told me about creature say it is a beast of the north, of the cold.\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2005, Joseph Boyden, Three Day Road: A Novel, Toronto, Ont.: Viking Canada; republished Toronto, Ont.: Penguin Canada, 2008, page 49",
          "text": "No one is safe in such times, not even the Cree of Mushkegowuk. War touches everyone, and windigos spring from the earth.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2016, Michelle Lietz, Cannibalism in Contact Narratives and the Evolution of the Wendigo (unpublished M.A. dissertation), Ypsilanti, Mich.: Eastern Michigan University, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-07-12, pages iv and 2",
          "text": "[Abstract, page iv] To close, I demarcate the trend of American television shows to appropriate the wendigo, ascertaining a fundamental misunderstanding of indigenous cultural beliefs by American popular culture. […] [Introduction, page 2] The wendigo is a cannibal monster from the traditional stories of many northern tribes, specifically the Anishinabe stories, and is most often associated with winter and desperate hunger.",
          "type": "quotation"
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      "glosses": [
        "A malevolent and violent cannibal spirit found in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology, which is said to inhabit the body of a living person and possess him or her to commit murder."
      ],
      "id": "en-wendigo-en-noun--u2GeFN4",
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        [
          "malevolent",
          "malevolent"
        ],
        [
          "violent",
          "violent"
        ],
        [
          "cannibal",
          "cannibal"
        ],
        [
          "spirit",
          "spirit#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "Anishinaabe",
          "Anishinaabe"
        ],
        [
          "Ojibwe",
          "Ojibwe"
        ],
        [
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        ],
        [
          "inhabit",
          "inhabit"
        ],
        [
          "possess",
          "possess"
        ],
        [
          "commit",
          "commit"
        ],
        [
          "murder",
          "murder#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mythology) A malevolent and violent cannibal spirit found in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology, which is said to inhabit the body of a living person and possess him or her to commit murder."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "wetiko"
        },
        {
          "word": "wihtikow"
        },
        {
          "word": "witigo"
        },
        {
          "english": "derived from Cree",
          "word": "witiko"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "mysticism",
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        "philosophy",
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      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "wīndījū",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "word": "وِينْدِيجُو"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "vendigo",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "word": "վենդիգո"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "vindigo",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "word": "վինդիգո"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "word": "溫迪哥"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "wēndígē",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "word": "温迪哥"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "word": "vendiko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "wendigo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "word": "Wendigo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "word": "ウェンディゴ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "wendigo",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "word": "웬디고"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "véndigo",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "ве́ндиго"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "word": "وندیگو"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "crk",
          "lang": "Plains Cree",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "word": "wîhtikow"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "crk",
          "lang": "Plains Cree",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "word": "ᐑᐦᑎᑯᐤ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "véndigo",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ве́ндиго"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "vindigo",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "виндиго"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "word": "เวนดิโก"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "vendiho",
          "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "вендіго"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of splake (“kind of hybrid fish”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-wendigo-en-noun-J5y0GoxP",
      "links": [
        [
          "splake",
          "splake#English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "kind of hybrid fish",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "splake"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwɛndɪɡəʊ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwɛndiɡoʊ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wendigo.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wendigo.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wendigo.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wendigo.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wendigo.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "weendigo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "wiindigoo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "windago"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "windiga"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "windigo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "witigo"
    }
  ],
  "word": "wendigo"
}
{
  "categories": [
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    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English indeclinable nouns",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms borrowed from Ojibwe",
    "English terms derived from Ojibwe",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Algonquian",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "wendigo psychosis"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "oj",
        "3": "wiindigoo",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Ojibwe wiindigoo",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "oj",
        "3": "wiindigoo"
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      "expansion": "Borrowed from Ojibwe wiindigoo",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "alg-pro",
        "3": "*wi·nteko·wa",
        "4": "",
        "5": "owl; malevolent spirit, cannibalistic monster"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Algonquian *wi·nteko·wa (“owl; malevolent spirit, cannibalistic monster”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cr",
        "2": "wihtikow"
      },
      "expansion": "Cree wihtikow",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cr",
        "2": "ᐃᐧᐦᑎᑯᐤ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "greedy person; cannibal; giant man-eating monster"
      },
      "expansion": "ᐃᐧᐦᑎᑯᐤ (iyhtikow, “greedy person; cannibal; giant man-eating monster”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ojibwe wiindigoo, from Proto-Algonquian *wi·nteko·wa (“owl; malevolent spirit, cannibalistic monster”). Compare Cree wihtikow, ᐃᐧᐦᑎᑯᐤ (iyhtikow, “greedy person; cannibal; giant man-eating monster”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "wendigo",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wendigos",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wendigoes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wendigo",
        "2": "s",
        "3": "es"
      },
      "expansion": "wendigo (plural wendigo or wendigos or wendigoes)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wen‧di‧go"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Mythological creatures"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1905, Ernest Thompson Seton, “The Wendigo: Winter Death”, in Woodmyth & Fable, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC, page 161",
          "text": "Through the pine woods of Keewaydin, / Over the snows of Shebandowan, / The Wendigo roams in the winter's frost / And pursues to destruction the hunter. / Yet no man can meet with the Wendigo, / No man can face him or see him; / Only his track in the snow is seen, / And lost is the hunter that sees it. […] The heart that ne'er quailed on the war-path / Turns to stone at the name of the Wendigo.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1984, Louise Erdrich, “Windigo”, in Jacklight, New York, N.Y.: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston",
          "text": "The Windigo is a flesh-eating, wintry demon with a man buried deep inside of it. In some Chippewa stories, a young girl vanquishes this monster by forcing boiling lard down its throat, thereby releasing the human at the core of ice.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1988 fall, Robert A. Brightman, “The Windigo in the Material World”, in Ethnohistory, volume 35, number 4, →DOI, →ISSN, →JSTOR, page 337",
          "text": "The noun windigo [Ojibwa wīntikō, Cree wīhtikōw] refers to one of a class of anthropophagous monsters, “supernatural” from a non-Algonquian perspective, who exhibit grotesque physical and behavioral abnormalities and possess great spiritual and physical power.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1998, Sidney L. Harring, “‘The Enforcement of the Extreme Penalty’: Canadian Law and the Ojibwa-Cree Spirit World”, in White Man’s Law: Native People in Nineteenth-century Canadian Jurisprudence, Toronto, Ont., Buffalo, N.Y., London: Published for The Osgoode Society for Canadian Legal History by University of Toronto Press",
          "text": "A series of ‘wendigo’ killings – a ‘wendigo’ was an evil spirit clothed in human flesh – brought to the attention of Canadian law around the turn of the twentieth century represent the extension of Canadian law to the heart of traditional Indian culture. These killings, however, also represent the extent to which some of the First Nations defied or ignored that law. […] Machekequonabe, an Ojibwa, was found guilty of manslaughter in an 1896 trial for killing what he believed to be a wendigo. […] Furthermore, in additional cases it seems that Indians, in order to protect their religious and cultural beliefs from Canadian law, carefully distorted the facts of homicide cases to conceal that they were wendigo killings.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2004 September, Michael Jensen, chapter 9, in Firelands, Los Angeles, Calif.: Alyson Books, page 130",
          "text": "Suddenly, I was certain what I had found had been the rest of the dead girl. I told the others about it, then added, \"God Almighty. It must have been eating her.\" / \"I think I know this creature,\" said Gwennie, and we all looked at her. \"It called a wendigo. A most terrible thing.\" […] / Gwennie shook her head. \"It is an evil creature. I hear of it once when I traveled far from here. The Ojibwe brave who told me about creature say it is a beast of the north, of the cold.\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2005, Joseph Boyden, Three Day Road: A Novel, Toronto, Ont.: Viking Canada; republished Toronto, Ont.: Penguin Canada, 2008, page 49",
          "text": "No one is safe in such times, not even the Cree of Mushkegowuk. War touches everyone, and windigos spring from the earth.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2016, Michelle Lietz, Cannibalism in Contact Narratives and the Evolution of the Wendigo (unpublished M.A. dissertation), Ypsilanti, Mich.: Eastern Michigan University, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-07-12, pages iv and 2",
          "text": "[Abstract, page iv] To close, I demarcate the trend of American television shows to appropriate the wendigo, ascertaining a fundamental misunderstanding of indigenous cultural beliefs by American popular culture. […] [Introduction, page 2] The wendigo is a cannibal monster from the traditional stories of many northern tribes, specifically the Anishinabe stories, and is most often associated with winter and desperate hunger.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A malevolent and violent cannibal spirit found in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology, which is said to inhabit the body of a living person and possess him or her to commit murder."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mythology",
          "mythology"
        ],
        [
          "malevolent",
          "malevolent"
        ],
        [
          "violent",
          "violent"
        ],
        [
          "cannibal",
          "cannibal"
        ],
        [
          "spirit",
          "spirit#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "Anishinaabe",
          "Anishinaabe"
        ],
        [
          "Ojibwe",
          "Ojibwe"
        ],
        [
          "Cree",
          "Cree"
        ],
        [
          "inhabit",
          "inhabit"
        ],
        [
          "possess",
          "possess"
        ],
        [
          "commit",
          "commit"
        ],
        [
          "murder",
          "murder#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mythology) A malevolent and violent cannibal spirit found in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology, which is said to inhabit the body of a living person and possess him or her to commit murder."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "wetiko"
        },
        {
          "word": "wihtikow"
        },
        {
          "word": "witigo"
        },
        {
          "english": "derived from Cree",
          "word": "witiko"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "mysticism",
        "mythology",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of splake (“kind of hybrid fish”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "splake",
          "splake#English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "kind of hybrid fish",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "splake"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwɛndɪɡəʊ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwɛndiɡoʊ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wendigo.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wendigo.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wendigo.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wendigo.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wendigo.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "weendigo"
    },
    {
      "word": "wiindigoo"
    },
    {
      "word": "windago"
    },
    {
      "word": "windiga"
    },
    {
      "word": "windigo"
    },
    {
      "word": "witigo"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "wīndījū",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "word": "وِينْدِيجُو"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "vendigo",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "word": "վենդիգո"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "vindigo",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "word": "վինդիգո"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "word": "溫迪哥"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "wēndígē",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "word": "温迪哥"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "word": "vendiko"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "wendigo"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "word": "Wendigo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "word": "ウェンディゴ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "wendigo",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "word": "웬디고"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "véndigo",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ве́ндиго"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "word": "وندیگو"
    },
    {
      "code": "crk",
      "lang": "Plains Cree",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "word": "wîhtikow"
    },
    {
      "code": "crk",
      "lang": "Plains Cree",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "word": "ᐑᐦᑎᑯᐤ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "véndigo",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ве́ндиго"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "vindigo",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "виндиго"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "word": "เวนดิโก"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "vendiho",
      "sense": "malevolent and violent cannibal spirit in Anishinaabe, Ojibwe, and Cree mythology",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "вендіго"
    }
  ],
  "word": "wendigo"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.