See wŕ̥kah on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for wŕ̥kah meaning in All languages combined (15.8kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀 (vəhrka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀 (vəhrka)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"2": "𐨦𐨁𐨪𐨿𐨒𐨿𐨒",
"tr": "birgga-"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: 𐨦𐨁𐨪𐨿𐨒𐨿𐨒 (birgga-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: 𐨦𐨁𐨪𐨿𐨒𐨿𐨒 (birgga-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sogdo-Bactrian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xco",
"2": "وریک",
"tr": "wry̆k"
},
"expansion": "Khwarezmian: وریک (wry̆k)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khwarezmian: وریک (wry̆k)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-sgc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sogdic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Sogdic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"ts": "wirk, wərk"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: (/wirk, wərk/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: (/wirk, wərk/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐼴𐼷𐽀𐼸",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wyrk"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: 𐼴𐼷𐽀𐼸 (wyrk)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: 𐼴𐼷𐽀𐼸 (wyrk)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܘܝܪܩ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wyrq"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܘܝܪܩ (wyrq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܘܝܪܩ (wyrq)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yai",
"2": "урк",
"tr": "urk"
},
"expansion": "Yagnobi: урк (urk)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yagnobi: урк (urk)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "لېوه",
"3": "لیوه",
"tr": "lewə́",
"tr2": "lēwə́"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: لېوه (lewə́), لیوه (lēwə́)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*wr̥kah > *wr̥a >*r̥wa >*l̥wa"
},
"expansion": "(*wr̥kah > *wr̥a >*r̥wa >*l̥wa)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: لېوه (lewə́), لیوه (lēwə́) (*wr̥kah > *wr̥a >*r̥wa >*l̥wa)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-sgi-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "isk",
"2": "",
"tr": "urk"
},
"expansion": "Ishkashimi: [script needed] (urk)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ishkashimi: [script needed] (urk)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgy",
"2": "",
"tr": "wurk"
},
"expansion": "Sanglechi: [script needed] (wurk)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanglechi: [script needed] (wurk)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-sym-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ydg",
"2": "ورغ",
"tr": "wurγ"
},
"expansion": "Yidgha: ورغ (wurγ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yidgha: ورغ (wurγ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-shy-pro",
"2": "*wərḱ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *wərḱ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *wərḱ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgh",
"2": "в̌ӯрҷ"
},
"expansion": "Shughni: в̌ӯрҷ (wūrǰ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shughni: в̌ӯрҷ (wūrǰ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yah",
"2": "в̌арѓ"
},
"expansion": "Yazghulami: в̌арѓ (warǵ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yazghulami: в̌арѓ (warǵ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "گرک",
"3": "گورگ",
"tr": "gurk",
"tr2": "gwarg"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi: گرک (gurk), گورگ (gwarg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Baluchi: گرک (gurk), گورگ (gwarg)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "گورگ"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: گورگ (gurg)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "وورگ"
},
"expansion": "وورگ (wurg)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: گورگ (gurg), وورگ (wurg)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lki",
"2": "گوِرگ"
},
"expansion": "Laki: گوِرگ (gwirg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Laki: گوِرگ (gwirg)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "gur"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: gur",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "gurg"
},
"expansion": "gurg",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "wirg"
},
"expansion": "wirg",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: gur, gurg, wirg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdh",
"2": "گوِرگ"
},
"expansion": "Southern Kurdish: گوِرگ (gwirg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Kurdish: گوِرگ (gwirg)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Medo-Parthian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glk",
"2": "ورگ",
"3": "گۊرگ",
"tr": "vərg",
"tr2": "gorg"
},
"expansion": "Gilaki: ورگ (vərg), گۊرگ (gorg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gilaki: ورگ (vərg), گۊرگ (gorg)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "ورگ",
"tr": "werg"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: ورگ (werg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Mazanderani: ورگ (werg)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "ورگ",
"tr": "vərg, vorg"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: ورگ (vərg, vorg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mazanderani: ورگ (vərg, vorg)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-kms-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Komisenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Komisenian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgr",
"2": "ورک",
"tr": "vark"
},
"expansion": "Sangisari: ورک (vark)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sangisari: ورک (vark)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-old"
},
"expansion": "Old Median:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Median:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-azr",
"2": "*ورگ",
"tr": "*wurg"
},
"expansion": "Old Azari: *ورگ (*wurg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Azari: *ورگ (*wurg)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kgn",
"2": "ورگ",
"tr": "vorg"
},
"expansion": "Karingani: ورگ (vorg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karingani: ورگ (vorg)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrz",
"2": "ورگ",
"tr": "vorg"
},
"expansion": "Harzani: ورگ (vorg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Harzani: ورگ (vorg)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tafreshi:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-amo",
"2": "ورک",
"tr": "vork"
},
"expansion": "Amorehi: ورک (vork)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Amorehi: ورک (vork)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atn",
"2": "ورگ",
"tr": "verg"
},
"expansion": "Ashtiani: ورگ (verg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashtiani: ورگ (verg)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vaf",
"2": "ورگ",
"tr": "vorg"
},
"expansion": "Vafsi: ورگ (vorg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vafsi: ورگ (vorg)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "-",
"ts": "varg"
},
"expansion": "Talysh: (/varg/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Talysh: (/varg/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "ورگ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Arabic script: ورگ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Arabic script: ورگ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "vərg",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: vərg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: vərg"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫃𐫇𐫡𐫃",
"ts": "gurg"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: 𐫃𐫇𐫡𐫃 (gwrg /gurg/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: 𐫃𐫇𐫡𐫃 (gwrg /gurg/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-zgr-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Zaza-Gorani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Zaza-Gorani:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hac",
"2": "ۋەرگ",
"tr": "ʋarg"
},
"expansion": "Gurani: ۋەرگ (ʋarg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurani: ۋەرگ (ʋarg)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "verg",
"tr": "varg"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: verg (varg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: verg (varg)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwest Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎺𐎼𐎣",
"ts": "vr̥kaʰ"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (v-r-k /vr̥kaʰ/)\nMiddle Persian: (/gurg/)\nManichaean script: 𐫃𐫇𐫡𐫃 (gwrg)\nBook Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwlg)\nInscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢 (gʿlg)\nPazend script: 𐬔𐬎𐬭𐬔 (gurg)\nClassical Persian: گرگ (gurg)\nDari: گرگ (gurg)\nIranian Persian: گرگ (gorg)\nTajik: гург (gurg)\nLurish\nBakhtiari: گرگ (gorg)\nNorthern Luri: گؤرگ (gorg)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (v-r-k /vr̥kaʰ/)\nMiddle Persian: (/gurg/)\nManichaean script: 𐫃𐫇𐫡𐫃 (gwrg)\nBook Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwlg)\nInscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢 (gʿlg)\nPazend script: 𐬔𐬎𐬭𐬔 (gurg)\nClassical Persian: گرگ (gurg)\nDari: گرگ (gurg)\nIranian Persian: گرگ (gorg)\nTajik: гург (gurg)\nLurish\nBakhtiari: گرگ (gorg)\nNorthern Luri: گؤرگ (gorg)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*wŕ̥kas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wĺ̥kʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वृक",
"tr": "vṛ́ka"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वृक (vṛ́ka)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos. Cognate with Sanskrit वृक (vṛ́ka).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ira-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kah",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥ka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kānh",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kaybyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kāyš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kāt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kaybyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kaybyah",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kāy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kaybyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kaybyah",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kahya",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kayāh",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kānam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kay",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kayaw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kayšu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*wŕ̥kah m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wŕ̥k"
},
"name": "ira-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"abl_du": "*wŕ̥kaybyaH",
"abl_pl": "*wŕ̥kaybyah",
"abl_sg": "*wŕ̥kāt",
"acc_du": "*wŕ̥kā",
"acc_pl": "*wŕ̥kānh",
"acc_sg": "*wŕ̥kam",
"dat_du": "*wŕ̥kaybyaH",
"dat_pl": "*wŕ̥kaybyah",
"dat_sg": "*wŕ̥kāy",
"gen_du": "*wŕ̥kayāh",
"gen_pl": "*wŕ̥kānam",
"gen_sg": "*wŕ̥kahya",
"ins_du": "*wŕ̥kaybyaH",
"ins_pl": "*wŕ̥kāyš",
"ins_sg": "*wŕ̥kā",
"loc_du": "*wŕ̥kayaw",
"loc_pl": "*wŕ̥kayšu",
"loc_sg": "*wŕ̥kay",
"nom_du": "*wŕ̥kā",
"nom_pl": "*wŕ̥kā",
"nom_sg": "*wŕ̥kah",
"type": "masculine a-stem",
"voc_du": "*wŕ̥kā",
"voc_pl": "*wŕ̥kā",
"voc_sg": "*wŕ̥ka"
},
"name": "ira-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/wŕ̥kah",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Automatic Inscriptional Pahlavi transliterations containing ambiguous characters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Harzani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Karingani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Iranian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Iranian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sogdian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sogdian terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yagnobi terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "vəhrkāna",
"sense": "*Wŕ̥kānah (“mythical founder of Narts”)",
"word": "𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬁𐬥𐬀"
},
{
"roman": "Wærxæg",
"sense": "*Wŕ̥kānah (“mythical founder of Narts”)",
"word": "Уӕрхӕг"
},
{
"alt": "wrkn /Wurgān/",
"sense": "*Wŕ̥kānah (“mythical founder of Narts”)",
"word": "𐭅𐭓𐭊𐭍"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"roman": "Hurkanía",
"sense": "*Wŕ̥kānah (“mythical founder of Narts”)",
"word": "→ Ancient Greek: Ὑρκανία"
},
{
"roman": "Vrkan",
"sense": "*Wŕ̥kānah (“mythical founder of Narts”)",
"word": "→ Old Armenian: Վրկան"
},
{
"roman": "gorgân",
"sense": "Middle Persian: 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢𐭠𐭭 (gʿlgʾn /Gurgān/)",
"tags": [
"Persian"
],
"word": "گرگان"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wolf"
],
"id": "en-wŕ̥kah-ira-pro-noun-92thuWLb",
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wŕ̥kah"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "vəhrkāna",
"sense": "*Wŕ̥kānah (“mythical founder of Narts”)",
"word": "𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬁𐬥𐬀"
},
{
"roman": "Wærxæg",
"sense": "*Wŕ̥kānah (“mythical founder of Narts”)",
"word": "Уӕрхӕг"
},
{
"alt": "wrkn /Wurgān/",
"sense": "*Wŕ̥kānah (“mythical founder of Narts”)",
"word": "𐭅𐭓𐭊𐭍"
},
{
"roman": "gorgân",
"sense": "Middle Persian: 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢𐭠𐭭 (gʿlgʾn /Gurgān/)",
"tags": [
"Persian"
],
"word": "گرگان"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"roman": "Hurkanía",
"sense": "*Wŕ̥kānah (“mythical founder of Narts”)",
"word": "→ Ancient Greek: Ὑρκανία"
},
{
"roman": "Vrkan",
"sense": "*Wŕ̥kānah (“mythical founder of Narts”)",
"word": "→ Old Armenian: Վրկան"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀 (vəhrka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀 (vəhrka)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"2": "𐨦𐨁𐨪𐨿𐨒𐨿𐨒",
"tr": "birgga-"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: 𐨦𐨁𐨪𐨿𐨒𐨿𐨒 (birgga-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: 𐨦𐨁𐨪𐨿𐨒𐨿𐨒 (birgga-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sogdo-Bactrian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xco",
"2": "وریک",
"tr": "wry̆k"
},
"expansion": "Khwarezmian: وریک (wry̆k)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khwarezmian: وریک (wry̆k)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-sgc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sogdic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Sogdic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"ts": "wirk, wərk"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: (/wirk, wərk/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: (/wirk, wərk/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐼴𐼷𐽀𐼸",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wyrk"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: 𐼴𐼷𐽀𐼸 (wyrk)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: 𐼴𐼷𐽀𐼸 (wyrk)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܘܝܪܩ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wyrq"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܘܝܪܩ (wyrq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܘܝܪܩ (wyrq)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yai",
"2": "урк",
"tr": "urk"
},
"expansion": "Yagnobi: урк (urk)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yagnobi: урк (urk)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "لېوه",
"3": "لیوه",
"tr": "lewə́",
"tr2": "lēwə́"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: لېوه (lewə́), لیوه (lēwə́)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*wr̥kah > *wr̥a >*r̥wa >*l̥wa"
},
"expansion": "(*wr̥kah > *wr̥a >*r̥wa >*l̥wa)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: لېوه (lewə́), لیوه (lēwə́) (*wr̥kah > *wr̥a >*r̥wa >*l̥wa)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-sgi-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "isk",
"2": "",
"tr": "urk"
},
"expansion": "Ishkashimi: [script needed] (urk)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ishkashimi: [script needed] (urk)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgy",
"2": "",
"tr": "wurk"
},
"expansion": "Sanglechi: [script needed] (wurk)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanglechi: [script needed] (wurk)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-sym-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ydg",
"2": "ورغ",
"tr": "wurγ"
},
"expansion": "Yidgha: ورغ (wurγ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yidgha: ورغ (wurγ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-shy-pro",
"2": "*wərḱ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *wərḱ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *wərḱ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgh",
"2": "в̌ӯрҷ"
},
"expansion": "Shughni: в̌ӯрҷ (wūrǰ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shughni: в̌ӯрҷ (wūrǰ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yah",
"2": "в̌арѓ"
},
"expansion": "Yazghulami: в̌арѓ (warǵ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yazghulami: в̌арѓ (warǵ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "گرک",
"3": "گورگ",
"tr": "gurk",
"tr2": "gwarg"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi: گرک (gurk), گورگ (gwarg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Baluchi: گرک (gurk), گورگ (gwarg)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "گورگ"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: گورگ (gurg)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "وورگ"
},
"expansion": "وورگ (wurg)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: گورگ (gurg), وورگ (wurg)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lki",
"2": "گوِرگ"
},
"expansion": "Laki: گوِرگ (gwirg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Laki: گوِرگ (gwirg)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "gur"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: gur",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "gurg"
},
"expansion": "gurg",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "wirg"
},
"expansion": "wirg",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: gur, gurg, wirg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdh",
"2": "گوِرگ"
},
"expansion": "Southern Kurdish: گوِرگ (gwirg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Kurdish: گوِرگ (gwirg)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Medo-Parthian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glk",
"2": "ورگ",
"3": "گۊرگ",
"tr": "vərg",
"tr2": "gorg"
},
"expansion": "Gilaki: ورگ (vərg), گۊرگ (gorg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gilaki: ورگ (vərg), گۊرگ (gorg)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "ورگ",
"tr": "werg"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: ورگ (werg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Mazanderani: ورگ (werg)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "ورگ",
"tr": "vərg, vorg"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: ورگ (vərg, vorg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mazanderani: ورگ (vərg, vorg)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-kms-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Komisenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Komisenian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgr",
"2": "ورک",
"tr": "vark"
},
"expansion": "Sangisari: ورک (vark)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sangisari: ورک (vark)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-old"
},
"expansion": "Old Median:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Median:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-azr",
"2": "*ورگ",
"tr": "*wurg"
},
"expansion": "Old Azari: *ورگ (*wurg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Azari: *ورگ (*wurg)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kgn",
"2": "ورگ",
"tr": "vorg"
},
"expansion": "Karingani: ورگ (vorg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karingani: ورگ (vorg)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrz",
"2": "ورگ",
"tr": "vorg"
},
"expansion": "Harzani: ورگ (vorg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Harzani: ورگ (vorg)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tafreshi:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-amo",
"2": "ورک",
"tr": "vork"
},
"expansion": "Amorehi: ورک (vork)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Amorehi: ورک (vork)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atn",
"2": "ورگ",
"tr": "verg"
},
"expansion": "Ashtiani: ورگ (verg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashtiani: ورگ (verg)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vaf",
"2": "ورگ",
"tr": "vorg"
},
"expansion": "Vafsi: ورگ (vorg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vafsi: ورگ (vorg)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "-",
"ts": "varg"
},
"expansion": "Talysh: (/varg/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Talysh: (/varg/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "ورگ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Arabic script: ورگ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Arabic script: ورگ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "vərg",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: vərg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: vərg"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫃𐫇𐫡𐫃",
"ts": "gurg"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: 𐫃𐫇𐫡𐫃 (gwrg /gurg/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: 𐫃𐫇𐫡𐫃 (gwrg /gurg/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-zgr-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Zaza-Gorani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Zaza-Gorani:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hac",
"2": "ۋەرگ",
"tr": "ʋarg"
},
"expansion": "Gurani: ۋەرگ (ʋarg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurani: ۋەرگ (ʋarg)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "verg",
"tr": "varg"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: verg (varg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: verg (varg)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwest Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎺𐎼𐎣",
"ts": "vr̥kaʰ"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (v-r-k /vr̥kaʰ/)\nMiddle Persian: (/gurg/)\nManichaean script: 𐫃𐫇𐫡𐫃 (gwrg)\nBook Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwlg)\nInscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢 (gʿlg)\nPazend script: 𐬔𐬎𐬭𐬔 (gurg)\nClassical Persian: گرگ (gurg)\nDari: گرگ (gurg)\nIranian Persian: گرگ (gorg)\nTajik: гург (gurg)\nLurish\nBakhtiari: گرگ (gorg)\nNorthern Luri: گؤرگ (gorg)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (v-r-k /vr̥kaʰ/)\nMiddle Persian: (/gurg/)\nManichaean script: 𐫃𐫇𐫡𐫃 (gwrg)\nBook Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwlg)\nInscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢 (gʿlg)\nPazend script: 𐬔𐬎𐬭𐬔 (gurg)\nClassical Persian: گرگ (gurg)\nDari: گرگ (gurg)\nIranian Persian: گرگ (gorg)\nTajik: гург (gurg)\nLurish\nBakhtiari: گرگ (gorg)\nNorthern Luri: گؤرگ (gorg)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*wŕ̥kas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wĺ̥kʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वृक",
"tr": "vṛ́ka"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वृक (vṛ́ka)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos. Cognate with Sanskrit वृक (vṛ́ka).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ira-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kah",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥ka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kānh",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kaybyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kāyš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kāt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kaybyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kaybyah",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kāy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kaybyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kaybyah",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kahya",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kayāh",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kānam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kay",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kayaw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥kayšu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*wŕ̥kah m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wŕ̥k"
},
"name": "ira-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"abl_du": "*wŕ̥kaybyaH",
"abl_pl": "*wŕ̥kaybyah",
"abl_sg": "*wŕ̥kāt",
"acc_du": "*wŕ̥kā",
"acc_pl": "*wŕ̥kānh",
"acc_sg": "*wŕ̥kam",
"dat_du": "*wŕ̥kaybyaH",
"dat_pl": "*wŕ̥kaybyah",
"dat_sg": "*wŕ̥kāy",
"gen_du": "*wŕ̥kayāh",
"gen_pl": "*wŕ̥kānam",
"gen_sg": "*wŕ̥kahya",
"ins_du": "*wŕ̥kaybyaH",
"ins_pl": "*wŕ̥kāyš",
"ins_sg": "*wŕ̥kā",
"loc_du": "*wŕ̥kayaw",
"loc_pl": "*wŕ̥kayšu",
"loc_sg": "*wŕ̥kay",
"nom_du": "*wŕ̥kā",
"nom_pl": "*wŕ̥kā",
"nom_sg": "*wŕ̥kah",
"type": "masculine a-stem",
"voc_du": "*wŕ̥kā",
"voc_pl": "*wŕ̥kā",
"voc_sg": "*wŕ̥ka"
},
"name": "ira-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/wŕ̥kah",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Automatic Inscriptional Pahlavi transliterations containing ambiguous characters",
"Harzani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Karingani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Middle Persian term requests",
"Middle Persian terms with redundant script codes",
"Proto-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Iranian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Proto-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Iranian masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Iranian masculine nouns",
"Proto-Iranian nouns",
"Proto-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Proto-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Proto-Iranian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms",
"Requests for native script for Ishkashimi terms",
"Requests for native script for Sanglechi terms",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Sogdian term requests",
"Sogdian terms with redundant script codes",
"Sogdian terms with redundant transliterations",
"Talysh term requests",
"Yagnobi terms with redundant transliterations",
"ira-pro:Mammals"
],
"glosses": [
"wolf"
],
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wŕ̥kah"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.