See vandal on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for vandal meaning in All languages combined (19.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Vandal"
},
"expansion": "Vandal",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "at the Judges Head near the Inner Temple-Gate, in Fleetstreet"
},
"expansion": "[…]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vandalisme",
"3": "Vandalisme"
},
"expansion": "French Vandalisme",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vandalism"
},
"expansion": "English vandalism",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1660s, “willful destroyer of what is beautiful or venerable”, from Vandal, referring to a member of an ancient Germanic people, the Vandals, who are associated with senseless destruction as a result of their sack of Rome under King Genseric in 455. During the Enlightenment, Rome was idealized, while the Goths and Vandals were blamed for its destruction. The Vandals may not have been any more destructive than other invaders of ancient times, but they did inspire English poet John Dryden to write, Till Goths, and Vandals, a rude Northern race, Did all the matchless Monuments deface (1694). However, the Vandals did intentionally damage statues, which may be why their name is associated with the vandalism of art. The coining of French Vandalisme by Henri Grégoire in 1794 to describe the destruction of artwork following the French Revolution popularized the idea further, and the term was quickly adopted across Europe, including as English vandalism.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vandals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vandal (plural vandals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "vandalic"
},
{
"word": "vandalise"
},
{
"word": "vandalize"
},
{
"word": "vandalish"
},
{
"word": "vandalism"
},
{
"word": "vandal-proof"
},
{
"word": "vandalproof"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Vandals spray-painted obscenities on the side of the building.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The anonymous vandal was blocked after going on a vandalism spree.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who needlessly destroys, defaces, or damages things, especially other people's property."
],
"id": "en-vandal-en-noun-fZVKJt3t",
"links": [
[
"needlessly",
"needlessly"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"deface",
"deface"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"property",
"property"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyer"
},
{
"word": "ruiner"
},
{
"word": "wrecker"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "vandal",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "վանդալ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "vandál",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ванда́л"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vandál",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ванда́л"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "vàndal"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "破壞者"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pòhuàizhě",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "破坏者"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vandal"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vandal"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "vandaal"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "vandalo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "vandaal"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "vandaali"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "ilkivallantekijä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vandale"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vándalo"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "vandali",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "ვანდალი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Vandale"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vándalos",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "βάνδαλος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vandalistís",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βανδαλιστής"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "vandál"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skemmdarvargur"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "vandalo"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "creachadóir"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "loitiméir"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sladaire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vandalo"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hakaisha",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "破壊者"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bandal",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "반달"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cragheyder"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "jeeylleyder"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vandal"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vandal"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xarâbkâr",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "خرابکار"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "moğol",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "مغول"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wandal"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vândalo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vandál",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ванда́л"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vandálka",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ванда́лка"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vandal"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vándalo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vandal"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vandál",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ванда́л"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "vandal",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "וואַנדאַל"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Henri Grégoire",
"John Dryden",
"vandal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvændəl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ændəl"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-vandal.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/En-us-vandal.ogg/En-us-vandal.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/En-us-vandal.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "vandal"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "animate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vandal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandaly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandaly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an"
},
"expansion": "vandal m anim",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.an"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vandal (person who needlessly destroys, defaces, or damages other people's property)"
],
"id": "en-vandal-cs-noun-Agai37et",
"links": [
[
"vandal",
"vandal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "vandal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "en",
"3": "vandal"
},
"expansion": "English vandal",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English vandal.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vandal",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandallyn",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"10": "",
"11": "plural",
"12": "vandallyn",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "vandal",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f5accel-form": "p",
"f5request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "vandal m (genitive singular vandal, plural vandallyn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "vandallyn",
"3": "vandal"
},
"expansion": "vandal m (genitive singular vandal, plural vandallyn)",
"name": "gv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "gv",
"name": "History",
"orig": "gv:History",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vandal"
],
"id": "en-vandal-gv-noun-Eqns2031",
"links": [
[
"history",
"history"
],
[
"vandal",
"#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(history) vandal"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"history",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "vandal"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vandalsk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la",
"3": "vandali"
},
"expansion": "Latin vandali",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "plural"
},
"expansion": "(plural)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin vandali (plural).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vandalen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandaler",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a vandal"
],
"id": "en-vandal-nb-noun-pus8oJ3J",
"links": [
[
"vandal",
"vandal#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "modern-day",
"raw_glosses": [
"(modern-day) a vandal"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a Vandal"
],
"id": "en-vandal-nb-noun-CUeoggG5",
"links": [
[
"Vandal",
"Vandal#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) a Vandal"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"no:Vandaler"
],
"word": "vandal"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vandalsk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "la",
"3": "vandali"
},
"expansion": "Latin vandali",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "plural"
},
"expansion": "(plural)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin vandali (plural).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vandalen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a vandal"
],
"id": "en-vandal-nn-noun-pus8oJ3J",
"links": [
[
"vandal",
"vandal#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "modern-day",
"raw_glosses": [
"(modern-day) a vandal"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a Vandal"
],
"id": "en-vandal-nn-noun-CUeoggG5",
"links": [
[
"Vandal",
"Vandal#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) a Vandal"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nn:Vandalar"
],
"word": "vandal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "vandale",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French vandale",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "vandale"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French vandale",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French vandale.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vandali",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vandal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "un vandal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niște vandali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unui vandal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "unor vandali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "vandali"
},
"expansion": "vandal m (plural vandali)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"gpd": "vandalilor",
"gpi": "vandali",
"gsd": "vandalului",
"gsi": "vandal",
"n": "",
"npd": "vandalii",
"npi": "vandali",
"nsd": "vandalul",
"nsi": "vandal",
"vp": "vandalilor",
"vs": "vandalule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"vandal"
],
"id": "en-vandal-ro-noun-Eqns2031",
"links": [
[
"vandal",
"vandal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Vandal"
],
"id": "en-vandal-ro-noun-Dij4ZpDD",
"links": [
[
"Vandal",
"Vandal"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "vandal"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-er",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vandal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandaler",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalerna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandals",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalernas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "vandal c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "vandal c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-er"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "hooligan",
"word": "huligan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ligist"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a vandal"
],
"id": "en-vandal-sv-noun-pus8oJ3J",
"links": [
[
"vandal",
"vandal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a Vandal (member of an ancient east Germanic tribe)"
],
"id": "en-vandal-sv-noun-demzu62~",
"links": [
[
"Vandal",
"Vandal"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"word": "vandal"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "animate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vandal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandaly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandaly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an"
},
"expansion": "vandal m anim",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.an"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Czech animate nouns",
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech hard masculine animate nouns",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech masculine animate nouns",
"Czech masculine nouns",
"Czech nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"vandal (person who needlessly destroys, defaces, or damages other people's property)"
],
"links": [
[
"vandal",
"vandal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "vandal"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "vandalic"
},
{
"word": "vandalise"
},
{
"word": "vandalize"
},
{
"word": "vandalish"
},
{
"word": "vandalism"
},
{
"word": "vandal-proof"
},
{
"word": "vandalproof"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Vandal"
},
"expansion": "Vandal",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "at the Judges Head near the Inner Temple-Gate, in Fleetstreet"
},
"expansion": "[…]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vandalisme",
"3": "Vandalisme"
},
"expansion": "French Vandalisme",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vandalism"
},
"expansion": "English vandalism",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1660s, “willful destroyer of what is beautiful or venerable”, from Vandal, referring to a member of an ancient Germanic people, the Vandals, who are associated with senseless destruction as a result of their sack of Rome under King Genseric in 455. During the Enlightenment, Rome was idealized, while the Goths and Vandals were blamed for its destruction. The Vandals may not have been any more destructive than other invaders of ancient times, but they did inspire English poet John Dryden to write, Till Goths, and Vandals, a rude Northern race, Did all the matchless Monuments deface (1694). However, the Vandals did intentionally damage statues, which may be why their name is associated with the vandalism of art. The coining of French Vandalisme by Henri Grégoire in 1794 to describe the destruction of artwork following the French Revolution popularized the idea further, and the term was quickly adopted across Europe, including as English vandalism.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vandals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vandal (plural vandals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"Requests for review of Manx translations",
"Requests for review of Volapük translations",
"Rhymes:English/ændəl",
"Rhymes:English/ændəl/2 syllables",
"Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"Undetermined terms with quotations",
"en:People"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Vandals spray-painted obscenities on the side of the building.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The anonymous vandal was blocked after going on a vandalism spree.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who needlessly destroys, defaces, or damages things, especially other people's property."
],
"links": [
[
"needlessly",
"needlessly"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"deface",
"deface"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"property",
"property"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"Henri Grégoire",
"John Dryden",
"vandal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvændəl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ændəl"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-vandal.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/En-us-vandal.ogg/En-us-vandal.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/En-us-vandal.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyer"
},
{
"word": "ruiner"
},
{
"word": "wrecker"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "vandal",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "վանդալ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "vandál",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ванда́л"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vandál",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ванда́л"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "vàndal"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "破壞者"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pòhuàizhě",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "破坏者"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vandal"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vandal"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "vandaal"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "vandalo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "vandaal"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "vandaali"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "ilkivallantekijä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vandale"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vándalo"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "vandali",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "ვანდალი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Vandale"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vándalos",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "βάνδαλος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vandalistís",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βανδαλιστής"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "vandál"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skemmdarvargur"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "vandalo"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "creachadóir"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "loitiméir"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sladaire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vandalo"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hakaisha",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "破壊者"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bandal",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "반달"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cragheyder"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "jeeylleyder"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vandal"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vandal"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xarâbkâr",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "خرابکار"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "moğol",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"word": "مغول"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wandal"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vândalo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vandál",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ванда́л"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vandálka",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ванда́лка"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vandal"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vándalo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vandal"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vandál",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ванда́л"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "vandal",
"sense": "person who destroys or damages property",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "וואַנדאַל"
}
],
"word": "vandal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "en",
"3": "vandal"
},
"expansion": "English vandal",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English vandal.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vandal",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandallyn",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"10": "",
"11": "plural",
"12": "vandallyn",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "vandal",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f5accel-form": "p",
"f5request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "vandal m (genitive singular vandal, plural vandallyn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "vandallyn",
"3": "vandal"
},
"expansion": "vandal m (genitive singular vandal, plural vandallyn)",
"name": "gv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"Manx lemmas",
"Manx masculine nouns",
"Manx nouns",
"Manx terms borrowed from English",
"Manx terms derived from English",
"gv:History"
],
"glosses": [
"vandal"
],
"links": [
[
"history",
"history"
],
[
"vandal",
"#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(history) vandal"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"history",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "vandal"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "vandalsk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la",
"3": "vandali"
},
"expansion": "Latin vandali",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "plural"
},
"expansion": "(plural)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin vandali (plural).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vandalen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandaler",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a vandal"
],
"links": [
[
"vandal",
"vandal#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "modern-day",
"raw_glosses": [
"(modern-day) a vandal"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a Vandal"
],
"links": [
[
"Vandal",
"Vandal#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) a Vandal"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"no:Vandaler"
],
"word": "vandal"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "vandalsk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "la",
"3": "vandali"
},
"expansion": "Latin vandali",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "plural"
},
"expansion": "(plural)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin vandali (plural).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vandalen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a vandal"
],
"links": [
[
"vandal",
"vandal#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "modern-day",
"raw_glosses": [
"(modern-day) a vandal"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a Vandal"
],
"links": [
[
"Vandal",
"Vandal#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) a Vandal"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nn:Vandalar"
],
"word": "vandal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian masculine nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from French"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "vandale",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French vandale",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "vandale"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French vandale",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French vandale.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vandali",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vandal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "un vandal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niște vandali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unui vandal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "unor vandali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "vandali"
},
"expansion": "vandal m (plural vandali)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"gpd": "vandalilor",
"gpi": "vandali",
"gsd": "vandalului",
"gsi": "vandal",
"n": "",
"npd": "vandalii",
"npi": "vandali",
"nsd": "vandalul",
"nsi": "vandal",
"vp": "vandalilor",
"vs": "vandalule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"vandal"
],
"links": [
[
"vandal",
"vandal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Vandal"
],
"links": [
[
"Vandal",
"Vandal"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "vandal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-er",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vandal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandaler",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalerna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandals",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vandalernas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "vandal c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "vandal c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-er"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "hooligan",
"word": "huligan"
},
{
"word": "ligist"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a vandal"
],
"links": [
[
"vandal",
"vandal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a Vandal (member of an ancient east Germanic tribe)"
],
"links": [
[
"Vandal",
"Vandal"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"word": "vandal"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.