See upe on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gn",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "upe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Guaraní",
"lang_code": "gn",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Guaraní entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Guaraní pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 24 20 1 1 15 2 15 2 2 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 22 17 1 1 20 1 20 1 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"that"
],
"id": "en-upe-gn-pron-jn~AI2r0",
"links": [
[
"that",
"that"
]
]
}
],
"word": "upe"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ltg",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "upe"
},
"expansion": "Latvian upe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "upė"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian upė",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?]. Cognates include Latvian upe and Lithuanian upė.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "upeite",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ltg-decl-noun/5",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "5 noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "upe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dialectal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dialectal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upuos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "up",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "upis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "upes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ltg",
"2": "noun",
"3": "diminutive",
"4": "upeite",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "upe f (diminutive upeite)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "upeite"
},
"expansion": "upe f (diminutive upeite)",
"name": "ltg-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"u‧pe"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ltg-decl-noun/5"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upe",
"10": "upēs, upuos¹⁾",
"2": "upis, upes¹⁾",
"3": "upei",
"4": "upi",
"5": "upē, upī¹⁾",
"6": "upis, upes¹⁾",
"7": "upu",
"8": "upem, upom¹⁾",
"9": "upis, upes¹⁾",
"notes": "¹⁾ dialectal",
"type": "type 5 noun",
"voc": "upe, up"
},
"name": "ltg-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Latgalian",
"lang_code": "ltg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latgalian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latgalian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ltg",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "ltg:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ltg",
"name": "Water",
"orig": "ltg:Water",
"parents": [
"Liquids",
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 24 20 1 1 15 2 15 2 2 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 22 17 1 1 20 1 20 1 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"river"
],
"id": "en-upe-ltg-noun-X1qO2PE5",
"links": [
[
"river",
"river"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈupʲæ]"
}
],
"word": "upe"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*apē-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *apē-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ep-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ùpė"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ùpė",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "ape",
"3": "",
"4": "river"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian ape (“river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "upa",
"3": "",
"4": "river"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian upa (“river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अप्",
"3": "आपः",
"4": "water (plural)"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit आपः (āpaḥ, “water (plural)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "wupyan",
"3": "",
"4": "cloud"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian wupyan (“cloud”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In principle, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *apē-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-, *h₂op- (“(flowing) water, river”). Cognates include Lithuanian ùpė, dialectal ũpė, upìs, ùpis, Old Prussian ape (“river”), apus (“(water) well”), Sudovian upa (“river”), Hittite ẖap(a) (“river”), Sanskrit आपः (āpaḥ, “water (plural)”), Tocharian A, Tocharian B āp (“water”). The u in Latvian upe (and Lithuanian upė), instead of the expected a, as in the Old Prussian cognate, is difficult to explain. Some suggest that upe was influenced by other words (e.g., Old Prussian wupyan (“cloud”)), others that it is not cognate with Old Prussian ape, but rather a reflex of Proto-Indo-European *eup-, *ūp-, *up- (“to call, to cry, to yell”), or then a specific Eastern Baltic word without a Proto-Indo-European etymology.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-5",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "5th declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "upe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "upes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "upe f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "5th"
},
"expansion": "upe f (5th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "e",
"3": "5th",
"4": "",
"5": "p",
"6": "pj",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "e",
"4": "",
"5": "p",
"6": "pj",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-5"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upe",
"10": "upēm",
"11": "upē",
"12": "upēs",
"13": "upe",
"14": "upes",
"2": "upes",
"3": "upi",
"4": "upes",
"5": "upes",
"6": "upju",
"7": "upei",
"8": "upēm",
"9": "upi",
"type": "5th declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lithuanian links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Bodies of water",
"orig": "lv:Bodies of water",
"parents": [
"Landforms",
"Water",
"Earth",
"Places",
"Liquids",
"Nature",
"Names",
"Matter",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Chemistry",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Sciences",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Geography",
"orig": "lv:Geography",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "lv:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Rivers",
"orig": "lv:Rivers",
"parents": [
"Bodies of water",
"Places",
"Landforms",
"Water",
"Names",
"Earth",
"Liquids",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Nature",
"Matter",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Chemistry",
"Lemmas",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 24 20 1 1 15 2 15 2 2 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 22 17 1 1 20 1 20 1 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "fast, slow river",
"text": "strauja, lēna upe",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "mountain, lowland river",
"text": "kalnu, līdzenumu upe",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "riverbed",
"text": "upes gultne",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "river valley",
"text": "upes ieleja",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "river basin",
"text": "upes baseins",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "river system",
"text": "upju sistēma",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "river tributaries",
"text": "upes pietekas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "river estuary, mouth",
"text": "upes ieteka, grīva",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "river source, headwaters",
"text": "upes izteka",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "upriver, downriver",
"text": "upes augštece, lejtece",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "fluvial transportation",
"text": "upju transports",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "river lines",
"text": "upju kuģniecība",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"river (permanent watercourse)"
],
"id": "en-upe-lv-noun-VeKHasmz",
"links": [
[
"geography",
"geography"
],
[
"river",
"river"
],
[
"permanent",
"permanent#English"
],
[
"watercourse",
"watercourse#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geography) river (permanent watercourse)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"natural-sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:upe"
]
}
],
"word": "upe"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "upè",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f",
"head": "upè"
},
"expansion": "upè f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "upė"
}
],
"glosses": [
"instrumental singular of upė"
],
"id": "en-upe-lt-noun-rHLI-tFH",
"links": [
[
"upė",
"upė#Lithuanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʊˈpʲɛ]",
"note": "upè"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʊpʲɛ]",
"note": "ùpe"
}
],
"word": "upe"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "ùpe",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f",
"head": "ùpe"
},
"expansion": "ùpe f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "upė"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative singular of upė"
],
"id": "en-upe-lt-noun-8wE49LiW",
"links": [
[
"upė",
"upė#Lithuanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʊˈpʲɛ]",
"note": "upè"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʊpʲɛ]",
"note": "ùpe"
}
],
"word": "upe"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "upe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 24 20 1 1 15 2 15 2 2 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 22 17 1 1 20 1 20 1 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "upar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of upar:",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-upe-pt-verb-QY25Vw5S",
"links": [
[
"upar",
"upar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "upar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of upar:",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-upe-pt-verb-fIjokuJs",
"links": [
[
"upar",
"upar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "upe"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "upe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 24 20 1 1 15 2 15 2 2 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 22 17 1 1 20 1 20 1 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "upar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of upar:",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-upe-es-verb-QY25Vw5S",
"links": [
[
"upar",
"upar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "upar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of upar:",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-upe-es-verb-fIjokuJs",
"links": [
[
"upar",
"upar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "upe"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yo",
"2": "ù-",
"3": "pè",
"id1": "nominalizing prefix",
"t1": "nominalizing prefix",
"t2": "to call"
},
"expansion": "ù- (“nominalizing prefix”) + pè (“to call”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ù- (“nominalizing prefix”) + pè (“to call”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ùpè",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yo",
"2": "noun",
"head": "ùpè",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "ùpè",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun",
"2": "ùpè",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "ùpè",
"name": "yo-pos"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ùpè"
},
"expansion": "ùpè",
"name": "yo-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Yoruba",
"lang_code": "yo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 3 3 10 10 13 12 13 12 18 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ekiti Yoruba",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 3 4 10 10 13 12 13 12 17 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ondo Yoruba",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "60 27 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yoruba entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 22 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yoruba terms prefixed with u- (nominalizing prefix)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 25 20",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "yo",
"name": "Musical instruments",
"orig": "yo:Musical instruments",
"parents": [
"Music",
"Tools",
"Art",
"Sound",
"Technology",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pronunciation, calling"
],
"id": "en-upe-yo-noun-iJ7QBnBg",
"links": [
[
"pronunciation",
"pronunciation"
],
[
"calling",
"calling"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly CY and SEY) pronunciation, calling"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ùké"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"call, invitation, summon"
],
"id": "en-upe-yo-noun-wrFlR8y4",
"links": [
[
"call",
"call"
],
[
"invitation",
"invitation"
],
[
"summon",
"summon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly CY and SEY) call, invitation, summon"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ùkésí"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"traditional horn or trumpet"
],
"id": "en-upe-yo-noun-sVshtnjk",
"links": [
[
"traditional",
"traditional"
],
[
"horn",
"horn"
],
[
"trumpet",
"trumpet"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly CY and SEY) traditional horn or trumpet"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ùfèrè"
},
{
"word": "kàkàkí"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ù.k͡pè/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "Standard Yoruba",
"word": "ìpè"
}
],
"word": "upe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ekiti Yoruba",
"Ondo Yoruba",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"yo:Musical instruments"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gn",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "upe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Guaraní",
"lang_code": "gn",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Guaraní entries with incorrect language header",
"Guaraní lemmas",
"Guaraní pronouns",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"that"
],
"links": [
[
"that",
"that"
]
]
}
],
"word": "upe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ekiti Yoruba",
"Ondo Yoruba",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"yo:Musical instruments"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ltg",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "upe"
},
"expansion": "Latvian upe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "upė"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian upė",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?]. Cognates include Latvian upe and Lithuanian upė.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "upeite",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ltg-decl-noun/5",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "5 noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "upe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dialectal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dialectal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upuos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "up",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "upis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "upes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ltg",
"2": "noun",
"3": "diminutive",
"4": "upeite",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "upe f (diminutive upeite)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "upeite"
},
"expansion": "upe f (diminutive upeite)",
"name": "ltg-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"u‧pe"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ltg-decl-noun/5"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upe",
"10": "upēs, upuos¹⁾",
"2": "upis, upes¹⁾",
"3": "upei",
"4": "upi",
"5": "upē, upī¹⁾",
"6": "upis, upes¹⁾",
"7": "upu",
"8": "upem, upom¹⁾",
"9": "upis, upes¹⁾",
"notes": "¹⁾ dialectal",
"type": "type 5 noun",
"voc": "upe, up"
},
"name": "ltg-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Latgalian",
"lang_code": "ltg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latgalian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latgalian feminine nouns",
"Latgalian lemmas",
"Latgalian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Latgalian nouns",
"Latgalian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Latgalian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Latgalian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic term requests",
"ltg:Landforms",
"ltg:Water"
],
"glosses": [
"river"
],
"links": [
[
"river",
"river"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈupʲæ]"
}
],
"word": "upe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ekiti Yoruba",
"Ondo Yoruba",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"yo:Musical instruments"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*apē-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *apē-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ep-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ùpė"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ùpė",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "ape",
"3": "",
"4": "river"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian ape (“river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "upa",
"3": "",
"4": "river"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian upa (“river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अप्",
"3": "आपः",
"4": "water (plural)"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit आपः (āpaḥ, “water (plural)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "wupyan",
"3": "",
"4": "cloud"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian wupyan (“cloud”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In principle, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *apē-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-, *h₂op- (“(flowing) water, river”). Cognates include Lithuanian ùpė, dialectal ũpė, upìs, ùpis, Old Prussian ape (“river”), apus (“(water) well”), Sudovian upa (“river”), Hittite ẖap(a) (“river”), Sanskrit आपः (āpaḥ, “water (plural)”), Tocharian A, Tocharian B āp (“water”). The u in Latvian upe (and Lithuanian upė), instead of the expected a, as in the Old Prussian cognate, is difficult to explain. Some suggest that upe was influenced by other words (e.g., Old Prussian wupyan (“cloud”)), others that it is not cognate with Old Prussian ape, but rather a reflex of Proto-Indo-European *eup-, *ūp-, *up- (“to call, to cry, to yell”), or then a specific Eastern Baltic word without a Proto-Indo-European etymology.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-5",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "5th declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "upe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "upes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "upe f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "5th"
},
"expansion": "upe f (5th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "e",
"3": "5th",
"4": "",
"5": "p",
"6": "pj",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "e",
"4": "",
"5": "p",
"6": "pj",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-5"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upe",
"10": "upēm",
"11": "upē",
"12": "upēs",
"13": "upe",
"14": "upes",
"2": "upes",
"3": "upi",
"4": "upes",
"5": "upes",
"6": "upju",
"7": "upei",
"8": "upēm",
"9": "upi",
"type": "5th declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian feminine nouns",
"Latvian fifth declension nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian noun forms",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian terms with usage examples",
"Lithuanian links with redundant target parameters",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"lv:Bodies of water",
"lv:Geography",
"lv:Landforms",
"lv:Rivers"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "fast, slow river",
"text": "strauja, lēna upe",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "mountain, lowland river",
"text": "kalnu, līdzenumu upe",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "riverbed",
"text": "upes gultne",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "river valley",
"text": "upes ieleja",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "river basin",
"text": "upes baseins",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "river system",
"text": "upju sistēma",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "river tributaries",
"text": "upes pietekas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "river estuary, mouth",
"text": "upes ieteka, grīva",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "river source, headwaters",
"text": "upes izteka",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "upriver, downriver",
"text": "upes augštece, lejtece",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "fluvial transportation",
"text": "upju transports",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "river lines",
"text": "upju kuģniecība",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"river (permanent watercourse)"
],
"links": [
[
"geography",
"geography"
],
[
"river",
"river"
],
[
"permanent",
"permanent#English"
],
[
"watercourse",
"watercourse#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geography) river (permanent watercourse)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"natural-sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:upe"
]
}
],
"word": "upe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ekiti Yoruba",
"Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Lithuanian non-lemma forms",
"Lithuanian noun forms",
"Ondo Yoruba",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"yo:Musical instruments"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "upè",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f",
"head": "upè"
},
"expansion": "upè f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "upė"
}
],
"glosses": [
"instrumental singular of upė"
],
"links": [
[
"upė",
"upė#Lithuanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʊˈpʲɛ]",
"note": "upè"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʊpʲɛ]",
"note": "ùpe"
}
],
"word": "upe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ekiti Yoruba",
"Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Lithuanian non-lemma forms",
"Lithuanian noun forms",
"Ondo Yoruba",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"yo:Musical instruments"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "ùpe",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f",
"head": "ùpe"
},
"expansion": "ùpe f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "upė"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative singular of upė"
],
"links": [
[
"upė",
"upė#Lithuanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʊˈpʲɛ]",
"note": "upè"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʊpʲɛ]",
"note": "ùpe"
}
],
"word": "upe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ekiti Yoruba",
"Ondo Yoruba",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese non-lemma forms",
"Portuguese verb forms",
"yo:Musical instruments"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "upe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "upar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of upar:",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"upar",
"upar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "upar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of upar:",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"upar",
"upar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "upe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ekiti Yoruba",
"Ondo Yoruba",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish non-lemma forms",
"Spanish verb forms",
"yo:Musical instruments"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "upe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "upar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of upar:",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"upar",
"upar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "upar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of upar:",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"upar",
"upar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "upe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ekiti Yoruba",
"Ondo Yoruba",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Yoruba entries with incorrect language header",
"Yoruba lemmas",
"Yoruba nouns",
"Yoruba terms prefixed with u- (nominalizing prefix)",
"Yoruba terms with IPA pronunciation",
"yo:Musical instruments"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yo",
"2": "ù-",
"3": "pè",
"id1": "nominalizing prefix",
"t1": "nominalizing prefix",
"t2": "to call"
},
"expansion": "ù- (“nominalizing prefix”) + pè (“to call”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ù- (“nominalizing prefix”) + pè (“to call”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ùpè",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yo",
"2": "noun",
"head": "ùpè",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "ùpè",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun",
"2": "ùpè",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "ùpè",
"name": "yo-pos"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ùpè"
},
"expansion": "ùpè",
"name": "yo-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Yoruba",
"lang_code": "yo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pronunciation, calling"
],
"links": [
[
"pronunciation",
"pronunciation"
],
[
"calling",
"calling"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly CY and SEY) pronunciation, calling"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ùké"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"call, invitation, summon"
],
"links": [
[
"call",
"call"
],
[
"invitation",
"invitation"
],
[
"summon",
"summon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly CY and SEY) call, invitation, summon"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ùkésí"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"traditional horn or trumpet"
],
"links": [
[
"traditional",
"traditional"
],
[
"horn",
"horn"
],
[
"trumpet",
"trumpet"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly CY and SEY) traditional horn or trumpet"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ùfèrè"
},
{
"word": "kàkàkí"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ù.k͡pè/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "Standard Yoruba",
"word": "ìpè"
}
],
"word": "upe"
}
Download raw JSONL data for upe meaning in All languages combined (15.3kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: chiefly CY and SEY",
"path": [
"upe"
],
"section": "Yoruba",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "upe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: chiefly CY and SEY",
"path": [
"upe"
],
"section": "Yoruba",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "upe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: chiefly CY and SEY",
"path": [
"upe"
],
"section": "Yoruba",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "upe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: chiefly CY and SEY",
"path": [
"upe"
],
"section": "Yoruba",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "upe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: chiefly CY and SEY",
"path": [
"upe"
],
"section": "Yoruba",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "upe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: chiefly CY and SEY",
"path": [
"upe"
],
"section": "Yoruba",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "upe",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.