See tumbril on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for tumbril meaning in All languages combined (6.0kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tumberel"
},
"expansion": "Old French tumberel",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "tombereau"
},
"expansion": "French tombereau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tumberellus"
},
"expansion": "tumberellus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tomber"
},
"expansion": "tomber",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tumber",
"3": "",
"4": "to fall"
},
"expansion": "tumber (“to fall”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French tumberel (modern French tombereau, in Anglo-Latin tumberellus), from tomber, tumber (“to fall”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tumbrils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tumbril (plural tumbrils)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "56 8 25 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Torture",
"orig": "en:Torture",
"parents": [
"Violence",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A kind of medieval torture device, later associated with a cucking stool."
],
"id": "en-tumbril-en-noun-en:device",
"links": [
[
"cucking stool",
"cucking stool"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A kind of medieval torture device, later associated with a cucking stool."
],
"senseid": [
"en:device"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1800, The Times, 17 Mar 1800, p.3 col. B",
"text": "They then confined the Dean, while they rifled the house of every valuable article, as well as plate and money; all that was portable they loaded on Mr. Carleton’s own tumbril, to which they harnessed his horse […]"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Cormac McCarthy, The Crossing",
"text": "They’d rigged a makeshift tent of sheeting over the little tumbril of a cart and they’d put up a sign at the front that gave her history and the number of people she was known to have eaten.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1997, Don DeLillo, Underworld",
"text": "This is a sixteenth-century work done by a Flemish master, Pieter Bruegel, and it is called The Triumph of Death […] He studies the tumbrel filled with skulls.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A cart well suited to dumping its load easily, being single-axled and also often having a hinged tailboard; a dumpcart."
],
"id": "en-tumbril-en-noun-en:dumpcart",
"links": [
[
"cart",
"cart"
],
[
"dumping",
"dump#Verb"
],
[
"load",
"load#Noun"
],
[
"tailboard",
"tailboard#English"
],
[
"dumpcart",
"dumpcart#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:dumpcart"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 12 48 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 14 44 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 10 54 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Containers",
"orig": "en:Containers",
"parents": [
"Tools",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 14 51 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Vehicles",
"orig": "en:Vehicles",
"parents": [
"Machines",
"Transport",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1848, The Times, 26 Jun 1848, p.4 col. B",
"text": "It is now ascertained that the tumbrel and the torches which figured in the massacre-scene of the 23d of February were prepared beforehand […]"
},
{
"ref": "1999 July 21, Jonathan Jones, “Grey and grimy alternative to frippery that bespeaks loyalty to welfare state Britain”, in The Guardian",
"text": "Out go Thomas Gainsborough and George Romney with all their 18th century frills and fripperies, like aristocrats deported on the tumbril.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2002, Colin Jones, The Great Nation, Penguin, published 2003, page 370",
"text": "If there would be former freemasons on the Committee of Public Safety during the Terror, they would be numbered too in the ranks of the émigré armies and counter-revolutionary Chouan rebels, and in tumbrils bound for the guillotine.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A cart used to carry condemned prisoners to their death, especially to the guillotine during the French Revolution."
],
"id": "en-tumbril-en-noun-en:cart",
"links": [
[
"cart",
"cart"
],
[
"guillotine",
"guillotine"
],
[
"French Revolution",
"French Revolution"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A cart used to carry condemned prisoners to their death, especially to the guillotine during the French Revolution."
],
"senseid": [
"en:cart"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 39 61 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kola",
"sense": "cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кола"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 39 61 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "karuca",
"sense": "cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "каруца"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 39 61 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "charrette"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 6 84 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cart used to carry prisoners to death",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "charrette des condamnés"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A basket or cage of osiers, willows, or the like, to hold hay and other food for sheep."
],
"id": "en-tumbril-en-noun-vZW4IfhB",
"links": [
[
"basket",
"basket"
],
[
"cage",
"cage"
],
[
"osier",
"osier"
],
[
"willow",
"willow"
],
[
"hay",
"hay"
],
[
"food",
"food"
],
[
"sheep",
"sheep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, obsolete) A basket or cage of osiers, willows, or the like, to hold hay and other food for sheep."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʌmbɹɪl/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tumbrel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tumbrill"
}
],
"word": "tumbril"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English undefined derivations",
"en:Containers",
"en:Torture",
"en:Vehicles"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tumberel"
},
"expansion": "Old French tumberel",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "tombereau"
},
"expansion": "French tombereau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tumberellus"
},
"expansion": "tumberellus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tomber"
},
"expansion": "tomber",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tumber",
"3": "",
"4": "to fall"
},
"expansion": "tumber (“to fall”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French tumberel (modern French tombereau, in Anglo-Latin tumberellus), from tomber, tumber (“to fall”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tumbrils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tumbril (plural tumbrils)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A kind of medieval torture device, later associated with a cucking stool."
],
"links": [
[
"cucking stool",
"cucking stool"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A kind of medieval torture device, later associated with a cucking stool."
],
"senseid": [
"en:device"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with manual fragments",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1800, The Times, 17 Mar 1800, p.3 col. B",
"text": "They then confined the Dean, while they rifled the house of every valuable article, as well as plate and money; all that was portable they loaded on Mr. Carleton’s own tumbril, to which they harnessed his horse […]"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Cormac McCarthy, The Crossing",
"text": "They’d rigged a makeshift tent of sheeting over the little tumbril of a cart and they’d put up a sign at the front that gave her history and the number of people she was known to have eaten.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1997, Don DeLillo, Underworld",
"text": "This is a sixteenth-century work done by a Flemish master, Pieter Bruegel, and it is called The Triumph of Death […] He studies the tumbrel filled with skulls.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A cart well suited to dumping its load easily, being single-axled and also often having a hinged tailboard; a dumpcart."
],
"links": [
[
"cart",
"cart"
],
[
"dumping",
"dump#Verb"
],
[
"load",
"load#Noun"
],
[
"tailboard",
"tailboard#English"
],
[
"dumpcart",
"dumpcart#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:dumpcart"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1848, The Times, 26 Jun 1848, p.4 col. B",
"text": "It is now ascertained that the tumbrel and the torches which figured in the massacre-scene of the 23d of February were prepared beforehand […]"
},
{
"ref": "1999 July 21, Jonathan Jones, “Grey and grimy alternative to frippery that bespeaks loyalty to welfare state Britain”, in The Guardian",
"text": "Out go Thomas Gainsborough and George Romney with all their 18th century frills and fripperies, like aristocrats deported on the tumbril.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2002, Colin Jones, The Great Nation, Penguin, published 2003, page 370",
"text": "If there would be former freemasons on the Committee of Public Safety during the Terror, they would be numbered too in the ranks of the émigré armies and counter-revolutionary Chouan rebels, and in tumbrils bound for the guillotine.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A cart used to carry condemned prisoners to their death, especially to the guillotine during the French Revolution."
],
"links": [
[
"cart",
"cart"
],
[
"guillotine",
"guillotine"
],
[
"French Revolution",
"French Revolution"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A cart used to carry condemned prisoners to their death, especially to the guillotine during the French Revolution."
],
"senseid": [
"en:cart"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A basket or cage of osiers, willows, or the like, to hold hay and other food for sheep."
],
"links": [
[
"basket",
"basket"
],
[
"cage",
"cage"
],
[
"osier",
"osier"
],
[
"willow",
"willow"
],
[
"hay",
"hay"
],
[
"food",
"food"
],
[
"sheep",
"sheep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, obsolete) A basket or cage of osiers, willows, or the like, to hold hay and other food for sheep."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʌmbɹɪl/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tumbrel"
},
{
"word": "tumbrill"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kola",
"sense": "cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кола"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "karuca",
"sense": "cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "каруца"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "charrette"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cart used to carry prisoners to death",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "charrette des condamnés"
}
],
"word": "tumbril"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.