See tukana on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "tukana",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "tukk"
}
],
"glosses": [
"essive singular of tukk"
],
"id": "en-tukana-et-noun-Zz~fCPeC",
"links": [
[
"tukk",
"tukk#Estonian"
]
],
"tags": [
"essive",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "tukana"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "yrl",
"name": "Piciforms",
"orig": "yrl:Piciforms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "tpw>tukana>toucan",
"4": "influence",
"5": "pt-BR>tucano>toucan",
"id": "toucan",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Tupian *jɨokãn\nProto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãnder.\nOld Tupi tukana\nOld Tupi tukanabor.\nBrazilian Portuguese tucanoinflu.\nNheengatu tukana\nInherited from Old Tupi tukana, from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãn, from Proto-Tupian *jɨokãn.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "pt-BR",
"3": "tucano",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "semantic loan from Brazilian Portuguese tucano",
"name": "semantic loan"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "tukanu"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of tukanu",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Tupian *jɨokãn\nProto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãnder.\nOld Tupi tukana\nOld Tupi tukanabor.\nBrazilian Portuguese tucanoinflu.\nNheengatu tukana\nInherited from Old Tupi tukana, from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãn, from Proto-Tupian *jɨokãn. The broader use, including other toucan species and the Tucano people, is a semantic loan from Brazilian Portuguese tucano. Doublet of tukanu.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "adj"
},
"expansion": "tukana",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tu‧ka‧na"
],
"lang": "Nheengatu",
"lang_code": "yrl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 14 21 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Nheengatu entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 14 21 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Nheengatu entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 19 19 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 20 20 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Tucano"
],
"id": "en-tukana-yrl-adj-qFgO6PhS",
"links": [
[
"Tucano",
"Tucano"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) Tucano"
],
"tags": [
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tuˈka.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "[tuˈkã.nɐ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ana"
}
],
"word": "tukana"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "yrl",
"name": "Piciforms",
"orig": "yrl:Piciforms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tukana-arasarí"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tukana-buya"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tukana-ira"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tukana-iwakawa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tukana-makaxera"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tukana-maniiwa"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "tpw>tukana>toucan",
"4": "influence",
"5": "pt-BR>tucano>toucan",
"id": "toucan",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Tupian *jɨokãn\nProto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãnder.\nOld Tupi tukana\nOld Tupi tukanabor.\nBrazilian Portuguese tucanoinflu.\nNheengatu tukana\nInherited from Old Tupi tukana, from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãn, from Proto-Tupian *jɨokãn.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "pt-BR",
"3": "tucano",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "semantic loan from Brazilian Portuguese tucano",
"name": "semantic loan"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "tukanu"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of tukanu",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Tupian *jɨokãn\nProto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãnder.\nOld Tupi tukana\nOld Tupi tukanabor.\nBrazilian Portuguese tucanoinflu.\nNheengatu tukana\nInherited from Old Tupi tukana, from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãn, from Proto-Tupian *jɨokãn. The broader use, including other toucan species and the Tucano people, is a semantic loan from Brazilian Portuguese tucano. Doublet of tukanu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tukana-itá",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "tukana-itá",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "tukana (plural tukana-itá)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tukana (plural tukana-itá)",
"name": "yrl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tu‧ka‧na"
],
"lang": "Nheengatu",
"lang_code": "yrl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 14 21 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Nheengatu entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 14 21 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Nheengatu entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 19 19 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 20 20 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"toucan (any bird from the family Ramphastidae)"
],
"id": "en-tukana-yrl-noun-ThGUK98-",
"links": [
[
"toucan",
"toucan"
],
[
"Ramphastidae",
"Ramphastidae#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 14 21 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Nheengatu entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 14 21 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Nheengatu entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 19 19 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 20 20 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Tucano people"
],
"id": "en-tukana-yrl-noun-SolVdQ-j",
"links": [
[
"Tucano",
"Tucano"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 14 21 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Nheengatu entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 14 21 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Nheengatu entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 13 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Nheengatu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 19 19 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 20 20 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 14 24 37",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "yrl",
"name": "Ethnonyms",
"orig": "yrl:Ethnonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 5 18 50",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "yrl",
"name": "Languages",
"orig": "yrl:Languages",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Tucano language"
],
"id": "en-tukana-yrl-noun-54t3deuO",
"links": [
[
"Tucano",
"Tucano"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Tucano language"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tuˈka.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "[tuˈkã.nɐ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ana"
}
],
"word": "tukana"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "tukana"
},
"expansion": "Nheengatu: tukana",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nheengatu: tukana"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "toucan",
"bor": "1",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "→ French: toucan m",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: toucan m (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "NL.",
"2": "tucana",
"3": "Tucana",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ New Latin: tucana, Tucana",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ New Latin: tucana, Tucana"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "tucano",
"bor": "1",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: tucano m",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: tucano m (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpw",
"2": "der",
"3": "tup-gua-pro>*tũkãn>toucan",
"id": "toucan",
"text": "++"
},
"expansion": "Derived from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãn, from Proto-Tupian *jɨokãn.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kay",
"2": "tukan"
},
"expansion": "Kamayurá tukan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gun,oym",
"2": "tukã"
},
"expansion": "Mbyá Guaraní and Wayampi tukã",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãn, from Proto-Tupian *jɨokãn.\nCognate with Kamayurá tukan, Mbyá Guaraní and Wayampi tukã.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpw",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "o etukana",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "unpossessable",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "unpossessable nouns",
"cat4": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "tukana (unpossessable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "u"
},
"expansion": "tukana (unpossessable)",
"name": "tpw-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tu‧ka‧na"
],
"lang": "Old Tupi",
"lang_code": "tpw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Tupi entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Tupi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "tpw",
"name": "Piciforms",
"orig": "tpw:Piciforms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"toco toucan (Ramphastos toco)"
],
"id": "en-tukana-tpw-noun-8iMRchsw",
"links": [
[
"toco toucan",
"toco toucan"
],
[
"Ramphastos toco",
"Ramphastos toco#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tukanusu"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tuˈkã.na]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ãna"
}
],
"word": "tukana"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "bnt-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu [Term?].",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-tukana",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kutukana",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kutukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kutotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tukaneni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hutukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -litukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -kutukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ninatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "natukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tunatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "unatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mnatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "anatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wanatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -natukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "situkani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hatutukani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hutukani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hamtukani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hatukani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hawatukani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -tukani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -tatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -tatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nitukane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tutukane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "utukane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mtukane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "atukane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "watukane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -tukane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -situkane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngetukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singetukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngalitukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singalitukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "natukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "watukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mwatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "atukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "watukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "watukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "latukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vyatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "watukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "patukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mwatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -metukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -meshatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"already-form"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -jatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"not-yet-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kitukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-when-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -sipotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-not-form"
]
},
{
"form": "katukana / positive subject concord + -katukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -katukane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nitukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tutukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kutukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-watukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kutukaneni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-watukaneni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-mtukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-watukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-utukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-itukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-litukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-yatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kitukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-vitukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-itukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-zitukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-utukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kutukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-patukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-mutukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-jitukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tukana- + relative marker)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanaye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanacho",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanavyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanazo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanako",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanapo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanamo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tukana)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yetukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-otukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-otukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-lotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-chotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-vyotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-zotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-otukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-potukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-motukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-tukana (infinitive kutukana)",
"name": "sw-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sw-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "abuse, insult",
"sense": "Nominal derivations",
"word": "tukano"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to abuse, insult"
],
"id": "en-tukana-sw-verb-IKBj6Alx",
"links": [
[
"abuse",
"abuse"
],
[
"insult",
"insult"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-tukana.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/Sw-ke-tukana.flac/Sw-ke-tukana.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/Sw-ke-tukana.flac/Sw-ke-tukana.flac.ogg"
}
],
"word": "tukana"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "tukana",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian non-lemma forms",
"Estonian noun forms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "tukk"
}
],
"glosses": [
"essive singular of tukk"
],
"links": [
[
"tukk",
"tukk#Estonian"
]
],
"tags": [
"essive",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "tukana"
}
{
"categories": [
"Nheengatu adjectives",
"Nheengatu doublets",
"Nheengatu entries with etymology texts",
"Nheengatu entries with etymology trees",
"Nheengatu entries with incorrect language header",
"Nheengatu lemmas",
"Nheengatu nouns",
"Nheengatu semantic loans from Brazilian Portuguese",
"Nheengatu terms derived from Brazilian Portuguese",
"Nheengatu terms derived from Old Tupi",
"Nheengatu terms derived from Proto-Tupi-Guarani",
"Nheengatu terms derived from Proto-Tupian",
"Nheengatu terms inherited from Old Tupi",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Nheengatu/ana",
"Rhymes:Nheengatu/ana/3 syllables",
"yrl:Ethnonyms",
"yrl:Languages",
"yrl:Piciforms"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "tpw>tukana>toucan",
"4": "influence",
"5": "pt-BR>tucano>toucan",
"id": "toucan",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Tupian *jɨokãn\nProto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãnder.\nOld Tupi tukana\nOld Tupi tukanabor.\nBrazilian Portuguese tucanoinflu.\nNheengatu tukana\nInherited from Old Tupi tukana, from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãn, from Proto-Tupian *jɨokãn.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "pt-BR",
"3": "tucano",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "semantic loan from Brazilian Portuguese tucano",
"name": "semantic loan"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "tukanu"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of tukanu",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Tupian *jɨokãn\nProto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãnder.\nOld Tupi tukana\nOld Tupi tukanabor.\nBrazilian Portuguese tucanoinflu.\nNheengatu tukana\nInherited from Old Tupi tukana, from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãn, from Proto-Tupian *jɨokãn. The broader use, including other toucan species and the Tucano people, is a semantic loan from Brazilian Portuguese tucano. Doublet of tukanu.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "adj"
},
"expansion": "tukana",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tu‧ka‧na"
],
"lang": "Nheengatu",
"lang_code": "yrl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Nheengatu relational adjectives"
],
"glosses": [
"Tucano"
],
"links": [
[
"Tucano",
"Tucano"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) Tucano"
],
"tags": [
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tuˈka.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "[tuˈkã.nɐ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ana"
}
],
"word": "tukana"
}
{
"categories": [
"Nheengatu adjectives",
"Nheengatu doublets",
"Nheengatu entries with etymology texts",
"Nheengatu entries with etymology trees",
"Nheengatu entries with incorrect language header",
"Nheengatu lemmas",
"Nheengatu nouns",
"Nheengatu semantic loans from Brazilian Portuguese",
"Nheengatu terms derived from Brazilian Portuguese",
"Nheengatu terms derived from Old Tupi",
"Nheengatu terms derived from Proto-Tupi-Guarani",
"Nheengatu terms derived from Proto-Tupian",
"Nheengatu terms inherited from Old Tupi",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Nheengatu/ana",
"Rhymes:Nheengatu/ana/3 syllables",
"yrl:Ethnonyms",
"yrl:Languages",
"yrl:Piciforms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tukana-arasarí"
},
{
"word": "tukana-buya"
},
{
"word": "tukana-ira"
},
{
"word": "tukana-iwakawa"
},
{
"word": "tukana-makaxera"
},
{
"word": "tukana-maniiwa"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "tpw>tukana>toucan",
"4": "influence",
"5": "pt-BR>tucano>toucan",
"id": "toucan",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Tupian *jɨokãn\nProto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãnder.\nOld Tupi tukana\nOld Tupi tukanabor.\nBrazilian Portuguese tucanoinflu.\nNheengatu tukana\nInherited from Old Tupi tukana, from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãn, from Proto-Tupian *jɨokãn.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "pt-BR",
"3": "tucano",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "semantic loan from Brazilian Portuguese tucano",
"name": "semantic loan"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "tukanu"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of tukanu",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Tupian *jɨokãn\nProto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãnder.\nOld Tupi tukana\nOld Tupi tukanabor.\nBrazilian Portuguese tucanoinflu.\nNheengatu tukana\nInherited from Old Tupi tukana, from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãn, from Proto-Tupian *jɨokãn. The broader use, including other toucan species and the Tucano people, is a semantic loan from Brazilian Portuguese tucano. Doublet of tukanu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tukana-itá",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "tukana-itá",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "tukana (plural tukana-itá)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tukana (plural tukana-itá)",
"name": "yrl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tu‧ka‧na"
],
"lang": "Nheengatu",
"lang_code": "yrl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"toucan (any bird from the family Ramphastidae)"
],
"links": [
[
"toucan",
"toucan"
],
[
"Ramphastidae",
"Ramphastidae#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Tucano people"
],
"links": [
[
"Tucano",
"Tucano"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Nheengatu uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Tucano language"
],
"links": [
[
"Tucano",
"Tucano"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Tucano language"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tuˈka.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "[tuˈkã.nɐ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ana"
}
],
"word": "tukana"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "tukana"
},
"expansion": "Nheengatu: tukana",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nheengatu: tukana"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "toucan",
"bor": "1",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "→ French: toucan m",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: toucan m (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "NL.",
"2": "tucana",
"3": "Tucana",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ New Latin: tucana, Tucana",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ New Latin: tucana, Tucana"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "tucano",
"bor": "1",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: tucano m",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: tucano m (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpw",
"2": "der",
"3": "tup-gua-pro>*tũkãn>toucan",
"id": "toucan",
"text": "++"
},
"expansion": "Derived from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãn, from Proto-Tupian *jɨokãn.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kay",
"2": "tukan"
},
"expansion": "Kamayurá tukan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gun,oym",
"2": "tukã"
},
"expansion": "Mbyá Guaraní and Wayampi tukã",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãn, from Proto-Tupian *jɨokãn.\nCognate with Kamayurá tukan, Mbyá Guaraní and Wayampi tukã.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpw",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "o etukana",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "unpossessable",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "unpossessable nouns",
"cat4": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "tukana (unpossessable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "u"
},
"expansion": "tukana (unpossessable)",
"name": "tpw-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tu‧ka‧na"
],
"lang": "Old Tupi",
"lang_code": "tpw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Tupi entries with etymology texts",
"Old Tupi entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Tupi lemmas",
"Old Tupi nouns",
"Old Tupi terms derived from Proto-Tupi-Guarani",
"Old Tupi terms derived from Proto-Tupian",
"Old Tupi unpossessable nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Old Tupi/ãna",
"Rhymes:Old Tupi/ãna/3 syllables",
"tpw:Piciforms"
],
"glosses": [
"toco toucan (Ramphastos toco)"
],
"links": [
[
"toco toucan",
"toco toucan"
],
[
"Ramphastos toco",
"Ramphastos toco#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tukanusu"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tuˈkã.na]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ãna"
}
],
"word": "tukana"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "abuse, insult",
"sense": "Nominal derivations",
"word": "tukano"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "bnt-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu [Term?].",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-tukana",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kutukana",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kutukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kutotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tukaneni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hutukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -litukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -kutukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ninatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "natukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tunatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "unatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mnatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "anatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wanatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -natukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "situkani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hatutukani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hutukani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hamtukani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hatukani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hawatukani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -tukani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -tatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -tatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nitukane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tutukane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "utukane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mtukane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "atukane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "watukane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -tukane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -situkane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngetukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singetukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngalitukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singalitukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "natukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "watukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mwatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "atukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "watukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "watukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "latukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vyatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "watukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "patukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mwatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -metukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -meshatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"already-form"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -jatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"not-yet-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kitukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-when-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -sipotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-not-form"
]
},
{
"form": "katukana / positive subject concord + -katukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -katukane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nitukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tutukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kutukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-watukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kutukaneni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-watukaneni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-mtukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-watukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-utukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-itukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-litukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-yatukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kitukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-vitukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-itukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-zitukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-utukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kutukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-patukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-mutukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-jitukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tukana- + relative marker)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanaye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanacho",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanavyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanazo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanako",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanapo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukanamo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tukana)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yetukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-otukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-otukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-lotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-chotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-vyotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-zotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-otukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kotukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-potukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-motukana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-tukana (infinitive kutukana)",
"name": "sw-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sw-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Bantu term requests",
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
"Swahili terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Swahili terms inherited from Proto-Bantu",
"Swahili verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to abuse, insult"
],
"links": [
[
"abuse",
"abuse"
],
[
"insult",
"insult"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-tukana.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/Sw-ke-tukana.flac/Sw-ke-tukana.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/Sw-ke-tukana.flac/Sw-ke-tukana.flac.ogg"
}
],
"word": "tukana"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tukana meaning in All languages combined (24.4kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: unpossessable",
"path": [
"tukana"
],
"section": "Old Tupi",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tukana",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Swahili is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information., style: background: #eff7ff; border: 1px solid #d0d0d0; text-align: center; line-height: 1.5em;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"tukana"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "tukana",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-20 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.