See tronk on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for tronk meaning in All languages combined (8.7kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*twerḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
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"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "af",
"3": "tronk",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans tronk",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "af",
"3": "tronk"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Afrikaans tronk",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "tronk"
},
"expansion": "Dutch tronk",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pt",
"3": "tronco"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese tronco",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "truncus"
},
"expansion": "Latin truncus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "truncus",
"3": "trunk"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of truncus and trunk",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Afrikaans tronk, from Dutch tronk, from Portuguese tronco, from Latin truncus. Doublet of truncus and trunk.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tronks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tronk (plural tronks)",
"name": "en-noun"
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],
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "South African English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1824, William John Burchell, Travels in the Interior of Southern Africa",
"text": "It must here be explained that the tronk, or jail, is the general receptacle, not only of convicted criminals, but of such Hottentots or slaves as are found, improperly or illegally wandering about the country […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1958, Isobel Rae, The strange story of Dr James Barry",
"text": "The diary of another settler, who had been wrongfully imprisoned in the Tronk, and described the daily life there in no uncertain terms […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1985, Lawrence George Green, Maureen Barnes, The best of Lawrence Green",
"text": "It was built, as far as I can discover, because the Cape Argus rightly denounced the overcrowding of the old \"tronk\" on the waterfront.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A prison."
],
"id": "en-tronk-en-noun-YYhvBp9g",
"links": [
[
"prison",
"prison"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(South Africa) A prison."
],
"tags": [
"South-Africa"
]
}
],
"word": "tronk"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tronk",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: tronk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: tronk"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kj",
"2": "ondolonggo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kwanyama: ondolonggo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kwanyama: ondolonggo"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "tronk",
"t": "prison, dungeon, stocks"
},
"expansion": "Dutch tronk (“prison, dungeon, stocks”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "pt",
"3": "tronco",
"t": "block, prison, dungeon"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese tronco (“block, prison, dungeon”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "la",
"3": "truncus",
"t": "trunk"
},
"expansion": "Latin truncus (“trunk”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch tronk (“prison, dungeon, stocks”), from Portuguese tronco (“block, prison, dungeon”), from Latin truncus (“trunk”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tronke",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "tronke",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f2request": "1",
"f5accel-form": "diminutive",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "tronk (plural tronke)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tronke"
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"expansion": "tronk (plural tronke)",
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],
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"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "noun",
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{
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w"
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],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tronkstraf"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prison"
],
"id": "en-tronk-af-noun-TVkbdrcX",
"links": [
[
"prison",
"prison#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/trɔŋk/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-tronk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-tronk.wav/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-tronk.wav.mp3",
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"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "tronk"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "tronc",
"t": "trunk"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch tronc (“trunk”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tronc",
"t": "trunk"
},
"expansion": "Old French tronc (“trunk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "truncus",
"t": "trunk"
},
"expansion": "Latin truncus (“trunk”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch tronc (“trunk”), from Old French tronc (“trunk”), from Latin truncus (“trunk”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tronken",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tronkje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "tronkje"
},
"expansion": "tronk m (plural tronken, diminutive tronkje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tronk"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"trunk, tree trunk"
],
"id": "en-tronk-nl-noun-rYe~LPVT",
"links": [
[
"trunk",
"trunk#English"
],
[
"tree trunk",
"tree trunk#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now dialectal) trunk, tree trunk"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "boomstam"
},
{
"word": "stam"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 54 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tree stump"
],
"id": "en-tronk-nl-noun-w-D0ys60",
"links": [
[
"tree",
"tree"
],
[
"stump",
"stump"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now dialectal) tree stump"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "boomstronk"
},
{
"word": "stronk"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/trɔŋk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔŋk"
}
],
"word": "tronk"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "tronk"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: tronk\n→ English: tronk\n→ Kwanyama: ondolonggo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: tronk\n→ English: tronk\n→ Kwanyama: ondolonggo"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "pt",
"3": "tronco",
"t": "block, prison, trunk"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese tronco (“block, prison, trunk”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "truncus",
"t": "trunk"
},
"expansion": "Latin truncus (“trunk”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Portuguese tronco (“block, prison, trunk”), from Latin truncus (“trunk”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tronken",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "tronk m (plural tronken)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tronk"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"prison, dungeon, stocks"
],
"id": "en-tronk-nl-noun-Asl5NpeX",
"links": [
[
"prison",
"prison#English"
],
[
"dungeon",
"dungeon#English"
],
[
"stocks",
"stocks#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "Dutch East Indies; Cape Peninsula; Dutch East Indies; Cape Peninsula",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, Dutch East Indies, Cape Peninsula) prison, dungeon, stocks"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/trɔŋk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔŋk"
}
],
"word": "tronk"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "trunk"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A trunk",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Compare Tocharian A trunk.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "tronk m",
"name": "head"
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{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "m"
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"expansion": "tronk m",
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"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tocharian B entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cave, hollow"
],
"id": "en-tronk-txb-noun-HbaRkFo8",
"links": [
[
"cave",
"cave"
],
[
"hollow",
"hollow"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "tronk"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "tronkstraf"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tronk",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: tronk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: tronk"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kj",
"2": "ondolonggo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kwanyama: ondolonggo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kwanyama: ondolonggo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "tronk",
"t": "prison, dungeon, stocks"
},
"expansion": "Dutch tronk (“prison, dungeon, stocks”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "pt",
"3": "tronco",
"t": "block, prison, dungeon"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese tronco (“block, prison, dungeon”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "la",
"3": "truncus",
"t": "trunk"
},
"expansion": "Latin truncus (“trunk”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch tronk (“prison, dungeon, stocks”), from Portuguese tronco (“block, prison, dungeon”), from Latin truncus (“trunk”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tronke",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "tronke",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f2request": "1",
"f5accel-form": "diminutive",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "tronk (plural tronke)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tronke"
},
"expansion": "tronk (plural tronke)",
"name": "af-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"Afrikaans lemmas",
"Afrikaans nouns",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Latin",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Portuguese",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Afrikaans terms with audio links"
],
"glosses": [
"prison"
],
"links": [
[
"prison",
"prison#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/trɔŋk/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-tronk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-tronk.wav/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-tronk.wav.mp3",
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"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "tronk"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms borrowed from Portuguese",
"Dutch terms derived from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old French",
"Dutch terms derived from Portuguese",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɔŋk"
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"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "tronc",
"t": "trunk"
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"expansion": "Middle Dutch tronc (“trunk”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tronc",
"t": "trunk"
},
"expansion": "Old French tronc (“trunk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "truncus",
"t": "trunk"
},
"expansion": "Latin truncus (“trunk”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch tronc (“trunk”), from Old French tronc (“trunk”), from Latin truncus (“trunk”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tronken",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tronkje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "tronkje"
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"expansion": "tronk m (plural tronken, diminutive tronkje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tronk"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"trunk, tree trunk"
],
"links": [
[
"trunk",
"trunk#English"
],
[
"tree trunk",
"tree trunk#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now dialectal) trunk, tree trunk"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "boomstam"
},
{
"word": "stam"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"tree stump"
],
"links": [
[
"tree",
"tree"
],
[
"stump",
"stump"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now dialectal) tree stump"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "boomstronk"
},
{
"word": "stronk"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/trɔŋk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔŋk"
}
],
"word": "tronk"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms borrowed from Portuguese",
"Dutch terms derived from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Portuguese",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɔŋk"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "tronk"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: tronk\n→ English: tronk\n→ Kwanyama: ondolonggo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: tronk\n→ English: tronk\n→ Kwanyama: ondolonggo"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "pt",
"3": "tronco",
"t": "block, prison, trunk"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese tronco (“block, prison, trunk”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "truncus",
"t": "trunk"
},
"expansion": "Latin truncus (“trunk”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Portuguese tronco (“block, prison, trunk”), from Latin truncus (“trunk”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tronken",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "-en",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "tronk m (plural tronken)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tronk"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"prison, dungeon, stocks"
],
"links": [
[
"prison",
"prison#English"
],
[
"dungeon",
"dungeon#English"
],
[
"stocks",
"stocks#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "Dutch East Indies; Cape Peninsula; Dutch East Indies; Cape Peninsula",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, Dutch East Indies, Cape Peninsula) prison, dungeon, stocks"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/trɔŋk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔŋk"
}
],
"word": "tronk"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"3": "*twerḱ-"
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"name": "root"
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{
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"2": "Borrowed"
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "af",
"3": "tronk",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans tronk",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "af",
"3": "tronk"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Afrikaans tronk",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "tronk"
},
"expansion": "Dutch tronk",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pt",
"3": "tronco"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese tronco",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "truncus"
},
"expansion": "Latin truncus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "truncus",
"3": "trunk"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of truncus and trunk",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Afrikaans tronk, from Dutch tronk, from Portuguese tronco, from Latin truncus. Doublet of truncus and trunk.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tronks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tronk (plural tronks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Afrikaans",
"English terms derived from Afrikaans",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Portuguese",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *twerḱ-",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"South African English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1824, William John Burchell, Travels in the Interior of Southern Africa",
"text": "It must here be explained that the tronk, or jail, is the general receptacle, not only of convicted criminals, but of such Hottentots or slaves as are found, improperly or illegally wandering about the country […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1958, Isobel Rae, The strange story of Dr James Barry",
"text": "The diary of another settler, who had been wrongfully imprisoned in the Tronk, and described the daily life there in no uncertain terms […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1985, Lawrence George Green, Maureen Barnes, The best of Lawrence Green",
"text": "It was built, as far as I can discover, because the Cape Argus rightly denounced the overcrowding of the old \"tronk\" on the waterfront.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A prison."
],
"links": [
[
"prison",
"prison"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(South Africa) A prison."
],
"tags": [
"South-Africa"
]
}
],
"word": "tronk"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "trunk"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A trunk",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Compare Tocharian A trunk.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "tronk m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "m"
},
"expansion": "tronk m",
"name": "txb-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"lang_code": "txb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Tocharian B entries with incorrect language header",
"Tocharian B lemmas",
"Tocharian B masculine nouns",
"Tocharian B nouns",
"Tocharian B terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"glosses": [
"cave, hollow"
],
"links": [
[
"cave",
"cave"
],
[
"hollow",
"hollow"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "tronk"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.