"theow" meaning in All languages combined

See theow on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

Forms: theows [plural]
Etymology: From Middle English theu, thewe (“servant; one bound in service to another, serf; disciple or servant of God; created being; servant of the devil; (figuratively) servant to sin, wealth, etc.”) [and other forms], from Old English þēow, þēo (“servant; slave”) [and other forms], from Proto-West Germanic *þeu (“slave”), from Proto-Germanic *þewaz, *þegwaz (“servant; slave”), from Proto-Indo-European *tekwos (“runner”), from Proto-Indo-European *tekʷ- (“to run; to flow”). cognates * Dutch dienen (“to serve”) * German dienen (“to serve”) * Gothic 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍃 (þius, “bondman, slave; servant”) * Old English þegn (“servant; minister; vassal”) * Old High German dio (“unfree”), diu (“servant”) Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*tekʷ-}}, {{inh|en|enm|theu}} Middle English theu, {{m|enm|thewe|t=servant; one bound in service to another, serf; disciple or servant of God; created being; servant of the devil; (figuratively) servant to sin, wealth, etc.}} thewe (“servant; one bound in service to another, serf; disciple or servant of God; created being; servant of the devil; (figuratively) servant to sin, wealth, etc.”), {{nb...|theuwe, thiu, thiwe, yeu, (Early Middle English) thue, þeou, þeowe, þeoww, þeu, þeue, þewe, þeww, ðeowæ|otherforms=1}} [and other forms], {{inh|en|ang|þēow}} Old English þēow, {{m|ang|þēo|t=servant; slave}} þēo (“servant; slave”), {{nb...|þeowe (feminine), ðea, ðeua, ðiow, ðiowa, ðiua, ðiuwa|otherforms=1}} [and other forms], {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*þeu|t=slave}} Proto-West Germanic *þeu (“slave”), {{inh|en|gem-pro|*þewaz}} Proto-Germanic *þewaz, {{m|gem-pro|*þegwaz|t=servant; slave}} *þegwaz (“servant; slave”), {{inh|en|ine-pro|*tekwos|t=runner}} Proto-Indo-European *tekwos (“runner”), {{inh|en|ine-pro|*tekʷ-|t=to run; to flow}} Proto-Indo-European *tekʷ- (“to run; to flow”), {{!}} |, {{cog|nl|dienen|t=to serve}} Dutch dienen (“to serve”), {{cog|de|dienen|t=to serve}} German dienen (“to serve”), {{cog|got|𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍃|t=bondman, slave; servant}} Gothic 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍃 (þius, “bondman, slave; servant”), {{cog|ang|þegn|t=servant; minister; vassal}} Old English þegn (“servant; minister; vassal”), {{cog|goh|dio|t=unfree}} Old High German dio (“unfree”), {{m|goh|diu|t=servant}} diu (“servant”) Head templates: {{en-noun}} theow (plural theows)
  1. (historical) A bondman or bondwoman; a slave. Tags: historical Categories (topical): Slaves Synonyms: thrall
    Sense id: en-theow-en-noun-26ERGFNv Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for theow meaning in All languages combined (4.3kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tekʷ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "theu"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English theu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "thewe",
        "t": "servant; one bound in service to another, serf; disciple or servant of God; created being; servant of the devil; (figuratively) servant to sin, wealth, etc."
      },
      "expansion": "thewe (“servant; one bound in service to another, serf; disciple or servant of God; created being; servant of the devil; (figuratively) servant to sin, wealth, etc.”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "theuwe, thiu, thiwe, yeu, (Early Middle English) thue, þeou, þeowe, þeoww, þeu, þeue, þewe, þeww, ðeowæ",
        "otherforms": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[and other forms]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "þēow"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þēow",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "þēo",
        "t": "servant; slave"
      },
      "expansion": "þēo (“servant; slave”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þeowe (feminine), ðea, ðeua, ðiow, ðiowa, ðiua, ðiuwa",
        "otherforms": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[and other forms]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*þeu",
        "t": "slave"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þeu (“slave”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þewaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þewaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*þegwaz",
        "t": "servant; slave"
      },
      "expansion": "*þegwaz (“servant; slave”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tekwos",
        "t": "runner"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tekwos (“runner”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tekʷ-",
        "t": "to run; to flow"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tekʷ- (“to run; to flow”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "|",
      "name": "!"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dienen",
        "t": "to serve"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch dienen (“to serve”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "dienen",
        "t": "to serve"
      },
      "expansion": "German dienen (“to serve”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍃",
        "t": "bondman, slave; servant"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍃 (þius, “bondman, slave; servant”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "þegn",
        "t": "servant; minister; vassal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þegn (“servant; minister; vassal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "dio",
        "t": "unfree"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German dio (“unfree”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "diu",
        "t": "servant"
      },
      "expansion": "diu (“servant”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English theu, thewe (“servant; one bound in service to another, serf; disciple or servant of God; created being; servant of the devil; (figuratively) servant to sin, wealth, etc.”) [and other forms], from Old English þēow, þēo (“servant; slave”) [and other forms], from Proto-West Germanic *þeu (“slave”), from Proto-Germanic *þewaz, *þegwaz (“servant; slave”), from Proto-Indo-European *tekwos (“runner”), from Proto-Indo-European *tekʷ- (“to run; to flow”).\ncognates\n* Dutch dienen (“to serve”)\n* German dienen (“to serve”)\n* Gothic 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍃 (þius, “bondman, slave; servant”)\n* Old English þegn (“servant; minister; vassal”)\n* Old High German dio (“unfree”), diu (“servant”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "theows",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "theow (plural theows)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Slaves",
          "orig": "en:Slaves",
          "parents": [
            "Servants",
            "Slavery",
            "Occupations",
            "Society",
            "Work",
            "People",
            "All topics",
            "Human activity",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental",
            "Human behaviour"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A bondman or bondwoman; a slave."
      ],
      "id": "en-theow-en-noun-26ERGFNv",
      "links": [
        [
          "bondman",
          "bondman"
        ],
        [
          "bondwoman",
          "bondwoman"
        ],
        [
          "slave",
          "slave"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) A bondman or bondwoman; a slave."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "thrall"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "theow"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tekʷ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "theu"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English theu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "thewe",
        "t": "servant; one bound in service to another, serf; disciple or servant of God; created being; servant of the devil; (figuratively) servant to sin, wealth, etc."
      },
      "expansion": "thewe (“servant; one bound in service to another, serf; disciple or servant of God; created being; servant of the devil; (figuratively) servant to sin, wealth, etc.”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "theuwe, thiu, thiwe, yeu, (Early Middle English) thue, þeou, þeowe, þeoww, þeu, þeue, þewe, þeww, ðeowæ",
        "otherforms": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[and other forms]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "þēow"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þēow",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "þēo",
        "t": "servant; slave"
      },
      "expansion": "þēo (“servant; slave”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þeowe (feminine), ðea, ðeua, ðiow, ðiowa, ðiua, ðiuwa",
        "otherforms": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[and other forms]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*þeu",
        "t": "slave"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þeu (“slave”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þewaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þewaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*þegwaz",
        "t": "servant; slave"
      },
      "expansion": "*þegwaz (“servant; slave”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tekwos",
        "t": "runner"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tekwos (“runner”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tekʷ-",
        "t": "to run; to flow"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tekʷ- (“to run; to flow”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "|",
      "name": "!"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dienen",
        "t": "to serve"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch dienen (“to serve”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "dienen",
        "t": "to serve"
      },
      "expansion": "German dienen (“to serve”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍃",
        "t": "bondman, slave; servant"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍃 (þius, “bondman, slave; servant”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "þegn",
        "t": "servant; minister; vassal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þegn (“servant; minister; vassal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "dio",
        "t": "unfree"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German dio (“unfree”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "diu",
        "t": "servant"
      },
      "expansion": "diu (“servant”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English theu, thewe (“servant; one bound in service to another, serf; disciple or servant of God; created being; servant of the devil; (figuratively) servant to sin, wealth, etc.”) [and other forms], from Old English þēow, þēo (“servant; slave”) [and other forms], from Proto-West Germanic *þeu (“slave”), from Proto-Germanic *þewaz, *þegwaz (“servant; slave”), from Proto-Indo-European *tekwos (“runner”), from Proto-Indo-European *tekʷ- (“to run; to flow”).\ncognates\n* Dutch dienen (“to serve”)\n* German dienen (“to serve”)\n* Gothic 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍃 (þius, “bondman, slave; servant”)\n* Old English þegn (“servant; minister; vassal”)\n* Old High German dio (“unfree”), diu (“servant”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "theows",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "theow (plural theows)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English terms derived from Middle English",
        "English terms derived from Old English",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *tekʷ-",
        "English terms inherited from Middle English",
        "English terms inherited from Old English",
        "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "English terms with historical senses",
        "en:Slaves"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A bondman or bondwoman; a slave."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bondman",
          "bondman"
        ],
        [
          "bondwoman",
          "bondwoman"
        ],
        [
          "slave",
          "slave"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) A bondman or bondwoman; a slave."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "thrall"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "theow"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

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