See swammaz on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for swammaz meaning in All languages combined (8.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*swamm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *swamm, *swamb\nOld English: swamm\nMiddle English: swam\n(Scots: swaam)\n(English: swamp)\nOld Frisian: *swam, *swom\nSaterland Frisian: Swom, Swam\nWest Frisian: swam\nOld Saxon: swamm, swam\nMiddle Low German: swam\nGerman Low German: Swamm\nOld Dutch: *swamm\nMiddle Dutch: swamme, swam\nDutch: zwam\nAfrikaans: swam\nOld High German: swamb, swam, swamp\nMiddle High German: swam, swamme, swamp\nBavarian: Schwåmm, Schwammerl\nGerman: Schwamm\nLuxembourgish: Schwamp\nYiddish: שוואָם (shvom), שוועמל (shveml)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *swamm, *swamb\nOld English: swamm\nMiddle English: swam\n(Scots: swaam)\n(English: swamp)\nOld Frisian: *swam, *swom\nSaterland Frisian: Swom, Swam\nWest Frisian: swam\nOld Saxon: swamm, swam\nMiddle Low German: swam\nGerman Low German: Swamm\nOld Dutch: *swamm\nMiddle Dutch: swamme, swam\nDutch: zwam\nAfrikaans: swam\nOld High German: swamb, swam, swamp\nMiddle High German: swam, swamme, swamp\nBavarian: Schwåmm, Schwammerl\nGerman: Schwamm\nLuxembourgish: Schwamp\nYiddish: שוואָם (shvom), שוועמל (shveml)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "svǫppr",
"3": "soppr",
"4": "svampr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: svǫppr, soppr, svampr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: svǫppr, soppr, svampr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sveppur",
"3": "svampur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: sveppur, svampur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: sveppur, svampur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "soppur",
"3": "svøppur",
"4": "svampur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: soppur, svøppur, svampur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: soppur, svøppur, svampur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "svamp",
"3": "sopp"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: svamp, sopp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: svamp, sopp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "svamper",
"3": "*sopper"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: svamper, *sopper",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: svamper, *sopper"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "svamp",
"3": "sopp"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: svamp, sopp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: svamp, sopp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "swamp",
"3": "*sop"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: swamp, *sop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: swamp, *sop"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "svamp",
"3": "svomp",
"4": "sop"
},
"expansion": "Danish: svamp, svomp, sop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: svamp, svomp, sop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌼𐌼𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌼𐌼𐍃 (swamms)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌼𐌼𐍃 (swamms)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σομφός",
"3": "",
"4": "spongy, porous (esp. of wood)"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σομφός (somphós, “spongy, porous (esp. of wood)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*swombʰ-",
"5": "sponge; tree-fungus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swombʰ- (“sponge; tree-fungus”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine"
},
"expansion": "Indo-European",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wanderwort"
},
"expansion": "wanderwort",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fungus",
"3": "",
"4": "mushroom, fungus"
},
"expansion": "Latin fungus (“mushroom, fungus”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σπόγγος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σπόγγος (spóngos)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σφόγγος",
"3": "",
"4": "sponge; tonsil"
},
"expansion": "σφόγγος (sphóngos, “sponge; tonsil”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "սունկն",
"3": "",
"4": "tree fungus"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian սունկն (sunkn, “tree fungus”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*gúmˀbas",
"3": "",
"4": "bulged, bloated"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *gúmˀbas (“bulged, bloated”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gum̃bas",
"t": "bulge"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gum̃bas (“bulge”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gǫba",
"3": "",
"4": "fungus, mushroom; sponge; lip"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gǫba (“fungus, mushroom; sponge; lip”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*sumpaz",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "*sumpaz (“swamp”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Seemingly related to Ancient Greek σομφός (somphós, “spongy, porous (esp. of wood)”), with which it is traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *swombʰ- (“sponge; tree-fungus”), but the Greek cannot be of inherited Indo-European origin given its lack of the expected shift *sw > *hw. Likely ultimately of substrate or wanderwort origin. Such a substrate word may speculatively be related to the substrate sources of similar words in other languages, including Latin fungus (“mushroom, fungus”), Ancient Greek σπόγγος (spóngos)/σφόγγος (sphóngos, “sponge; tonsil”), Old Armenian սունկն (sunkn, “tree fungus”) and perhaps Proto-Balto-Slavic *gúmˀbas (“bulged, bloated”) (whence Lithuanian gum̃bas (“bulge”) and Proto-Slavic *gǫba (“fungus, mushroom; sponge; lip”)), which cannot be reconciled in terms of Proto-Indo-European. See also the variant *sumpaz (“swamp”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "swammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swammōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swammōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swamm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "swammōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "swammōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "swammą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swammanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swammas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swammis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swammǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swammamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swammō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swammamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swammaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "sumpaz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 44 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sponge"
],
"id": "en-swammaz-gem-pro-noun-RiSKxomC",
"links": [
[
"sponge",
"sponge"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 44 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fungus, mushroom"
],
"id": "en-swammaz-gem-pro-noun-ne20CqWL",
"links": [
[
"fungus",
"fungus"
],
[
"mushroom",
"mushroom"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 44 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swamp"
],
"id": "en-swammaz-gem-pro-noun-2DqQDELU",
"links": [
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈswɑm.mɑz/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "swambaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "swambô"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "swamp(p)ô"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nicoline van der Sijs"
],
"word": "swammaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from substrate languages",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*swamm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *swamm, *swamb\nOld English: swamm\nMiddle English: swam\n(Scots: swaam)\n(English: swamp)\nOld Frisian: *swam, *swom\nSaterland Frisian: Swom, Swam\nWest Frisian: swam\nOld Saxon: swamm, swam\nMiddle Low German: swam\nGerman Low German: Swamm\nOld Dutch: *swamm\nMiddle Dutch: swamme, swam\nDutch: zwam\nAfrikaans: swam\nOld High German: swamb, swam, swamp\nMiddle High German: swam, swamme, swamp\nBavarian: Schwåmm, Schwammerl\nGerman: Schwamm\nLuxembourgish: Schwamp\nYiddish: שוואָם (shvom), שוועמל (shveml)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *swamm, *swamb\nOld English: swamm\nMiddle English: swam\n(Scots: swaam)\n(English: swamp)\nOld Frisian: *swam, *swom\nSaterland Frisian: Swom, Swam\nWest Frisian: swam\nOld Saxon: swamm, swam\nMiddle Low German: swam\nGerman Low German: Swamm\nOld Dutch: *swamm\nMiddle Dutch: swamme, swam\nDutch: zwam\nAfrikaans: swam\nOld High German: swamb, swam, swamp\nMiddle High German: swam, swamme, swamp\nBavarian: Schwåmm, Schwammerl\nGerman: Schwamm\nLuxembourgish: Schwamp\nYiddish: שוואָם (shvom), שוועמל (shveml)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "svǫppr",
"3": "soppr",
"4": "svampr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: svǫppr, soppr, svampr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: svǫppr, soppr, svampr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sveppur",
"3": "svampur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: sveppur, svampur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: sveppur, svampur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "soppur",
"3": "svøppur",
"4": "svampur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: soppur, svøppur, svampur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: soppur, svøppur, svampur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "svamp",
"3": "sopp"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: svamp, sopp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: svamp, sopp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "svamper",
"3": "*sopper"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: svamper, *sopper",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: svamper, *sopper"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "svamp",
"3": "sopp"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: svamp, sopp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: svamp, sopp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "swamp",
"3": "*sop"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: swamp, *sop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: swamp, *sop"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "svamp",
"3": "svomp",
"4": "sop"
},
"expansion": "Danish: svamp, svomp, sop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: svamp, svomp, sop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌼𐌼𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌼𐌼𐍃 (swamms)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌼𐌼𐍃 (swamms)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σομφός",
"3": "",
"4": "spongy, porous (esp. of wood)"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σομφός (somphós, “spongy, porous (esp. of wood)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*swombʰ-",
"5": "sponge; tree-fungus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swombʰ- (“sponge; tree-fungus”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine"
},
"expansion": "Indo-European",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wanderwort"
},
"expansion": "wanderwort",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fungus",
"3": "",
"4": "mushroom, fungus"
},
"expansion": "Latin fungus (“mushroom, fungus”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σπόγγος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σπόγγος (spóngos)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σφόγγος",
"3": "",
"4": "sponge; tonsil"
},
"expansion": "σφόγγος (sphóngos, “sponge; tonsil”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "սունկն",
"3": "",
"4": "tree fungus"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian սունկն (sunkn, “tree fungus”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*gúmˀbas",
"3": "",
"4": "bulged, bloated"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *gúmˀbas (“bulged, bloated”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gum̃bas",
"t": "bulge"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gum̃bas (“bulge”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gǫba",
"3": "",
"4": "fungus, mushroom; sponge; lip"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gǫba (“fungus, mushroom; sponge; lip”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*sumpaz",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "*sumpaz (“swamp”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Seemingly related to Ancient Greek σομφός (somphós, “spongy, porous (esp. of wood)”), with which it is traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *swombʰ- (“sponge; tree-fungus”), but the Greek cannot be of inherited Indo-European origin given its lack of the expected shift *sw > *hw. Likely ultimately of substrate or wanderwort origin. Such a substrate word may speculatively be related to the substrate sources of similar words in other languages, including Latin fungus (“mushroom, fungus”), Ancient Greek σπόγγος (spóngos)/σφόγγος (sphóngos, “sponge; tonsil”), Old Armenian սունկն (sunkn, “tree fungus”) and perhaps Proto-Balto-Slavic *gúmˀbas (“bulged, bloated”) (whence Lithuanian gum̃bas (“bulge”) and Proto-Slavic *gǫba (“fungus, mushroom; sponge; lip”)), which cannot be reconciled in terms of Proto-Indo-European. See also the variant *sumpaz (“swamp”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "swammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swammōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swammōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swamm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "swammōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "swammōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "swammą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swammanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swammas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swammis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swammǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swammamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swammō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swammamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swammaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "sumpaz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sponge"
],
"links": [
[
"sponge",
"sponge"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"fungus, mushroom"
],
"links": [
[
"fungus",
"fungus"
],
[
"mushroom",
"mushroom"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"swamp"
],
"links": [
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈswɑm.mɑz/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "swambaz"
},
{
"word": "swambô"
},
{
"word": "swamp(p)ô"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nicoline van der Sijs"
],
"word": "swammaz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.