See sturgeon on Wiktionary
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"etymology_text": "From Middle English sturgiun, sturjoun, from Old French estorjoun (“sturgeon”), from Frankish *sturjō, from Proto-Germanic *sturjô (“sturgeon”).",
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{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Acipenseriform fish",
"orig": "en:Acipenseriform fish",
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],
"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser naccarii",
"word": "Adriatic sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Scaphirhynchus suttkusi",
"word": "Alabama sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pseudoscaphirhynchus kaufmanni",
"word": "Amu Darya sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser schrenckii",
"word": "Amur sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser oxyrinchus",
"word": "Atlantic sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser sturio",
"word": "Baltic sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser nudiventris",
"word": "bastard sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser sinensis",
"word": "Chinese sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser sturio",
"word": "common sturgeon"
},
{
"alt": "†Acipenser dabryanus",
"word": "Dabry's sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser gueldenstaedtii",
"word": "Danube sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser gueldenstaedtii",
"word": "diamond sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pseudoscaphirhynchus hermanni",
"word": "dwarf sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Huso huso",
"word": "European sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser sturio",
"word": "European sea sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser nudiventris",
"word": "fringebarbel sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser medirostris",
"word": "green sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser fulvescens",
"word": "lake sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Scaphirhynchus albus",
"word": "pallid sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser persicus",
"word": "Persian sturgeon"
},
{
"alt": "†Acipenser dabryanus",
"word": "river sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser fulvescens",
"word": "rock sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser gueldenstaedtii",
"word": "Russian sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser mikadoi",
"word": "Sakhalin sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser nudiventris",
"word": "ship sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser brevirostrum",
"word": "shortnose sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Scaphirhynchus platorynchus",
"word": "shovelnose sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser baerii",
"word": "Siberian sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser nudiventris",
"word": "spiny sturgeon"
},
{
"word": "stellate sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser stellatus",
"word": "starry sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser ruthenus",
"word": "sterlet"
},
{
"word": "sturddlefish"
},
{
"word": "Sturgeon Bay"
},
{
"word": "sturgeon moon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pseudoscaphirhynchus fedtschenkoi",
"word": "Syr Darya sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser nudiventris",
"word": "thorn sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser transmontanus",
"word": "white sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser dabryanus",
"word": "Yangtze sturgeon"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1961, W. N. Holmes, Edward M. Donaldson, “1: Body Compartments and the Distribution of Electrolytes”, in William Stewart Hoar, David J. Randall, editors, Fish Physiology, volume 1, page 57:",
"text": "An investigation has been carried out into the changes in blood chemistry which occur during the migration of young sturgeon and spawned adults from freshwater into saltwater and of the migration of prespawning adults in the reverse direction by Magnin (1962).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1997, M. L. Khrykhtin, V. G. Svirsky, Sturgeon catch and the current status of sturgeon stocks in the Amur River, Andreas Bauer, Astrid Kaiser-Pohlmann, Sturgeon Stocks and Caviar Trade Workshop: Proceedings, page 29,\nStrict regulation of the catch was introduced in the Soviet Union in 1976 in order to prevent overfishing of the sexually mature sturgeons in the river."
},
{
"ref": "2002, Elizabeth Grossman, Watershed: The Undamming of America, page 41:",
"text": "Long and snout-nosed with rows of platelike bony protrusions, sturgeon have a dinosaur-era look.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Richard N. Williams, James A. Lichatowich, Madison S. Powell, “4: The Diversity, Structure and Status of Populations”, in Richard N. Williams, editor, Return to the River: Restoring Salmon Back to the Columbia River, page 156:",
"text": "Information on the spawning period, spawning behavior, and other details of the reproductive biology of green sturgeon in the Columbia River is lacking (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife 1995).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Samuel M. McGinnis, Field Guide to Freshwater Fishes of California, Revised edition, page 139:",
"text": "Only about one out of every 80 sturgeons caught in the Sacramento River is a Green Sturgeon, and that lopsided ratio is reversed for sturgeons taken in the Klamath River.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Molly Aloian, The Yangtze: China's Majestic River, page 22:",
"text": "In 2009, 120,000 Chinese sturgeons were released into the Yangtze River in an effort to boost the population of the endangered species in the wild.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any marine or freshwater fish of the family Acipenseridae that are prized for their roe and are endemic to temperate seas and rivers of the northern hemisphere, especially central Eurasia."
],
"id": "en-sturgeon-en-noun-tiyDFAbB",
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[
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],
[
"roe",
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],
[
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]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "acipenserine"
},
{
"word": "caviar"
},
{
"word": "isinglass"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "acipenserid"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "abe",
"lang": "Abenaki",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "gabasa"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bli"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥafš",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "حَفْش"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tʻaṙapʻ",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "թառափ"
},
{
"code": "axm",
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"roman": "mērsin",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "մէրսին"
},
{
"code": "az",
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"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "nərə"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "gaizkata"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "asjótr",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "асётр"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "esetra",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "есетра"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "ca.ta:gyang",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "စတားဂျင်"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esturió"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "鱘魚"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xúnyú",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "鲟鱼"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "мерсин"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jeseter"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "stør"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "steur"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "acipensero"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "sampi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esturgeon"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esturión"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sollo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sollo rei"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "tarti",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "თართი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Stör"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "oxýrrynchos",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "οξύρρυγχος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "stourióni",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "στουριόνι"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "antakaîos",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ἀντακαῖος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "tokhal"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "setur"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "sturjen"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "sedrina"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bradán fearna"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "storione"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chōzame",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "チョウザメ"
},
{
"code": "xal",
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"roman": "bekr",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "бекр"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "bekıre",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "бекіре"
},
{
"code": "qwm",
"lang": "Kipchak",
"roman": "duġupaləx",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "դուղուպալըխ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "cheolgapsang'eo",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "철갑상어"
},
{
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "irğay",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "иргъай"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "acipenser"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sturio"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "store"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sturys"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "esetra",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "есетра"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xilem",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "хилэм"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "esturgeon"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stør"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "mersin balığı",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "مرسین بالغی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jesiotr"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esturjão"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sturion"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nisetru"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "osjótr",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "осётр"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cana"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bradan-sligeach"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bradan-cearr"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "јѐсетра"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "кѐчига"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "jèsetra"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "kèčiga"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jeseter"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jesệter"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jesotr"
},
{
"code": "hsb",
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jasotr"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esturión"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "stör"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "märsin",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "мәрсин"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "mersin balığı"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "bekre"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "oseter",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "осетер"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "cá tầm"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stwrsiwn"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"sturgeon"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɝd͡ʒən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɜːd͡ʒən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sturgeon.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-us-sturgeon.ogg/En-us-sturgeon.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-us-sturgeon.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)dʒən"
}
],
"word": "sturgeon"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "sturgeon oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "sturgeons",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sturgeons",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sturgeon",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "sturgeon oblique singular, m (oblique plural sturgeons, nominative singular sturgeons, nominative plural sturgeon)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "estorjoun"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of estorjoun"
],
"id": "en-sturgeon-fro-noun-JcBMUXGX",
"links": [
[
"estorjoun",
"estorjoun#Old_French"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "sturgeon"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser naccarii",
"word": "Adriatic sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Scaphirhynchus suttkusi",
"word": "Alabama sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pseudoscaphirhynchus kaufmanni",
"word": "Amu Darya sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser schrenckii",
"word": "Amur sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser oxyrinchus",
"word": "Atlantic sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser sturio",
"word": "Baltic sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser nudiventris",
"word": "bastard sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser sinensis",
"word": "Chinese sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser sturio",
"word": "common sturgeon"
},
{
"alt": "†Acipenser dabryanus",
"word": "Dabry's sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser gueldenstaedtii",
"word": "Danube sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser gueldenstaedtii",
"word": "diamond sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pseudoscaphirhynchus hermanni",
"word": "dwarf sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Huso huso",
"word": "European sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser sturio",
"word": "European sea sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser nudiventris",
"word": "fringebarbel sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser medirostris",
"word": "green sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser fulvescens",
"word": "lake sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Scaphirhynchus albus",
"word": "pallid sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser persicus",
"word": "Persian sturgeon"
},
{
"alt": "†Acipenser dabryanus",
"word": "river sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser fulvescens",
"word": "rock sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser gueldenstaedtii",
"word": "Russian sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser mikadoi",
"word": "Sakhalin sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser nudiventris",
"word": "ship sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser brevirostrum",
"word": "shortnose sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Scaphirhynchus platorynchus",
"word": "shovelnose sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser baerii",
"word": "Siberian sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser nudiventris",
"word": "spiny sturgeon"
},
{
"word": "stellate sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser stellatus",
"word": "starry sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser ruthenus",
"word": "sterlet"
},
{
"word": "sturddlefish"
},
{
"word": "Sturgeon Bay"
},
{
"word": "sturgeon moon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pseudoscaphirhynchus fedtschenkoi",
"word": "Syr Darya sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser nudiventris",
"word": "thorn sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser transmontanus",
"word": "white sturgeon"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acipenser dabryanus",
"word": "Yangtze sturgeon"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sturgiun"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sturgiun",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "estorjoun",
"4": "",
"5": "sturgeon"
},
"expansion": "Old French estorjoun (“sturgeon”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*sturjō"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *sturjō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sturjô",
"t": "sturgeon"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sturjô (“sturgeon”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English sturgiun, sturjoun, from Old French estorjoun (“sturgeon”), from Frankish *sturjō, from Proto-Germanic *sturjô (“sturgeon”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sturgeon",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sturgeons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sturgeon",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "sturgeon (plural sturgeon or sturgeons)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "acipenserine"
},
{
"word": "caviar"
},
{
"word": "isinglass"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Belarusian terms with redundant script codes",
"Bulgarian terms with redundant script codes",
"Burmese terms with redundant script codes",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English indeclinable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Kazakh terms with redundant script codes",
"Kumyk terms with redundant transliterations",
"Macedonian terms with redundant script codes",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)dʒən",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)dʒən/2 syllables",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with redundant script codes",
"Terms with Abenaki translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Crimean Tatar translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kalmyk translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Kipchak translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kumyk translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Middle Armenian translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tatar translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Turkmen translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Upper Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Ukrainian terms with redundant script codes",
"en:Acipenseriform fish"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1961, W. N. Holmes, Edward M. Donaldson, “1: Body Compartments and the Distribution of Electrolytes”, in William Stewart Hoar, David J. Randall, editors, Fish Physiology, volume 1, page 57:",
"text": "An investigation has been carried out into the changes in blood chemistry which occur during the migration of young sturgeon and spawned adults from freshwater into saltwater and of the migration of prespawning adults in the reverse direction by Magnin (1962).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1997, M. L. Khrykhtin, V. G. Svirsky, Sturgeon catch and the current status of sturgeon stocks in the Amur River, Andreas Bauer, Astrid Kaiser-Pohlmann, Sturgeon Stocks and Caviar Trade Workshop: Proceedings, page 29,\nStrict regulation of the catch was introduced in the Soviet Union in 1976 in order to prevent overfishing of the sexually mature sturgeons in the river."
},
{
"ref": "2002, Elizabeth Grossman, Watershed: The Undamming of America, page 41:",
"text": "Long and snout-nosed with rows of platelike bony protrusions, sturgeon have a dinosaur-era look.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Richard N. Williams, James A. Lichatowich, Madison S. Powell, “4: The Diversity, Structure and Status of Populations”, in Richard N. Williams, editor, Return to the River: Restoring Salmon Back to the Columbia River, page 156:",
"text": "Information on the spawning period, spawning behavior, and other details of the reproductive biology of green sturgeon in the Columbia River is lacking (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife 1995).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Samuel M. McGinnis, Field Guide to Freshwater Fishes of California, Revised edition, page 139:",
"text": "Only about one out of every 80 sturgeons caught in the Sacramento River is a Green Sturgeon, and that lopsided ratio is reversed for sturgeons taken in the Klamath River.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Molly Aloian, The Yangtze: China's Majestic River, page 22:",
"text": "In 2009, 120,000 Chinese sturgeons were released into the Yangtze River in an effort to boost the population of the endangered species in the wild.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any marine or freshwater fish of the family Acipenseridae that are prized for their roe and are endemic to temperate seas and rivers of the northern hemisphere, especially central Eurasia."
],
"links": [
[
"marine",
"marine"
],
[
"freshwater",
"freshwater"
],
[
"fish",
"fish"
],
[
"Acipenseridae",
"Acipenseridae#Translingual"
],
[
"roe",
"roe"
],
[
"Eurasia",
"Eurasia"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"sturgeon"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɝd͡ʒən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɜːd͡ʒən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sturgeon.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-us-sturgeon.ogg/En-us-sturgeon.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-us-sturgeon.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)dʒən"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "acipenserid"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "abe",
"lang": "Abenaki",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "gabasa"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bli"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥafš",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "حَفْش"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tʻaṙapʻ",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "թառափ"
},
{
"code": "axm",
"lang": "Middle Armenian",
"roman": "mērsin",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "մէրսին"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "nərə"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "gaizkata"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "asjótr",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "асётр"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "esetra",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "есетра"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "ca.ta:gyang",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "စတားဂျင်"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esturió"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "鱘魚"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xúnyú",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "鲟鱼"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "мерсин"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jeseter"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "stør"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "steur"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "acipensero"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "sampi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esturgeon"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esturión"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sollo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sollo rei"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "tarti",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "თართი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Stör"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "oxýrrynchos",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "οξύρρυγχος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "stourióni",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "στουριόνι"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "antakaîos",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ἀντακαῖος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "tokhal"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "setur"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "sturjen"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "sedrina"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bradán fearna"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "storione"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chōzame",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "チョウザメ"
},
{
"code": "xal",
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"roman": "bekr",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "бекр"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "bekıre",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "бекіре"
},
{
"code": "qwm",
"lang": "Kipchak",
"roman": "duġupaləx",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "դուղուպալըխ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "cheolgapsang'eo",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "철갑상어"
},
{
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "irğay",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "иргъай"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "acipenser"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sturio"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "store"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sturys"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "esetra",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "есетра"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xilem",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "хилэм"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "esturgeon"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stør"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "mersin balığı",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "مرسین بالغی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jesiotr"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esturjão"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sturion"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nisetru"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "osjótr",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "осётр"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cana"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bradan-sligeach"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bradan-cearr"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "јѐсетра"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "кѐчига"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "jèsetra"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "kèčiga"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jeseter"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jesệter"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jesotr"
},
{
"code": "hsb",
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jasotr"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esturión"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "stör"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "märsin",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "мәрсин"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "mersin balığı"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "bekre"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "oseter",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "осетер"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"word": "cá tầm"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "fish of family Acipenseridae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stwrsiwn"
}
],
"word": "sturgeon"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "sturgeon oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "sturgeons",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sturgeons",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sturgeon",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "sturgeon oblique singular, m (oblique plural sturgeons, nominative singular sturgeons, nominative plural sturgeon)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "estorjoun"
}
],
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of estorjoun"
],
"links": [
[
"estorjoun",
"estorjoun#Old_French"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "sturgeon"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sturgeon meaning in All languages combined (19.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'sturgeon oblique singular or', originally 'sturgeon oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"sturgeon"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "sturgeon",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'sturgeon oblique singular or', originally 'sturgeon oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"sturgeon"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "sturgeon",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'sturgeon oblique singular or' in 'sturgeon oblique singular, m (oblique plural sturgeons, nominative singular sturgeons, nominative plural sturgeon)'",
"path": [
"sturgeon"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "sturgeon",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.