"schuwen" meaning in All languages combined

See schuwen on Wiktionary

Verb [Dutch]

IPA: /ˈsxyu̯ə(n)/ Audio: Nl-schuwen.ogg
Rhymes: -yu̯ən Etymology: From Middle Dutch schuwen, from Old Dutch skiuwen, from Proto-West Germanic *skiuhijan. Etymology templates: {{inh|nl|dum|schuwen}} Middle Dutch schuwen, {{inh|nl|odt|skiuwen}} Old Dutch skiuwen, {{inh|nl|gmw-pro|*skiuhijan}} Proto-West Germanic *skiuhijan Head templates: {{nl-verb}} schuwen Inflection templates: {{nl-conj-wk|schuw}} Forms: weak [table-tags], schuwen [infinitive], schuwen [gerund, neuter], schuw [first-person, present, singular], schuwde [first-person, past, singular], schuwt [present, second-person, singular], schuw [present, second-person, singular], schuwde [past, second-person, singular], schuwt [formal, present, second-person, singular], schuwde [formal, past, second-person, singular], schuwt [Flanders, colloquial, present, second-person, singular], schuwt [archaic, formal, majestic, present, second-person, singular], schuwde [Flanders, colloquial, past, second-person, singular], schuwde [archaic, formal, majestic, past, second-person, singular], schuwt [present, singular, third-person], schuwde [past, singular, third-person], schuwen [plural, present], schuwden [past, plural], schuwe [archaic, present, singular, subjunctive], schuwde [archaic, past, singular, subjunctive], schuwen [archaic, plural, present, subjunctive], schuwden [archaic, past, plural, subjunctive], schuw [imperative, present, singular], schuwt [archaic, imperative, plural, present], schuwend [participle, present], geschuwd [participle, past], schouwen [alternative]
  1. (transitive) to shun, eschew Tags: transitive Derived forms: afschuwen, waarschuwen
    Sense id: en-schuwen-nl-verb-xhtqGpfr Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with 2 entries Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 55 3 42

Verb [Middle Dutch]

Etymology: From Old Dutch skiuwen, from Proto-West Germanic *skiuhijan. Etymology templates: {{inh|dum|odt|skiuwen}} Old Dutch skiuwen, {{inh|dum|gmw-pro|*skiuhijan}} Proto-West Germanic *skiuhijan Head templates: {{head|dum|verb|head=|head2=}} schuwen, {{dum-verb}} schuwen Inflection templates: {{dum-conj-wk|schuw}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], schuwen [error-unrecognized-form, infinitive], schuwens [genitive, infinitive], schuwene [dative, infinitive], schuwe [first-person, indicative, present, singular], - [first-person, indicative, past, singular], schuwe [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], - [first-person, past, singular, subjunctive], schuus [indicative, present, second-person, singular], schuwes [indicative, present, second-person, singular], - [indicative, past, second-person, singular], schuus [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], schuwes [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], - [past, second-person, singular, subjunctive], schuut [indicative, present, singular, third-person], schuwet [indicative, present, singular, third-person], - [indicative, past, singular, third-person], schuwe [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], - [past, singular, subjunctive, third-person], schuwen [first-person, indicative, plural, present], - [first-person, indicative, past, plural], schuwen [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], - [first-person, past, plural, subjunctive], schuut [indicative, plural, present, second-person], schuwet [indicative, plural, present, second-person], - [indicative, past, plural, second-person], schuut [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], schuwet [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], - [past, plural, second-person, subjunctive], schuwen [indicative, plural, present, third-person], - [indicative, past, plural, third-person], schuwen [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], - [past, plural, subjunctive, third-person], schu [imperative, indicative, present, singular], schuwe [imperative, indicative, present, singular], schuut [imperative, indicative, plural, present], schuwet [imperative, indicative, plural, present], schuwende [imperative, participle, present], - [imperative, participle, past], scuwen [alternative], schouwen [alternative], schauwen [alternative]
  1. to be afraid (of)
    Sense id: en-schuwen-dum-verb-twaGyGf1
  2. to shy away from, to avoid
    Sense id: en-schuwen-dum-verb-kW0BBNGj Categories (other): Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 14 3 84 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 44 2 54

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "schuwen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch schuwen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "skiuwen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch skiuwen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*skiuhijan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skiuhijan",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch schuwen, from Old Dutch skiuwen, from Proto-West Germanic *skiuhijan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nl-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuw",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuw",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "Flanders",
        "colloquial",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "majestic",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "Flanders",
        "colloquial",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "majestic",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuw",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwend",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "geschuwd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schouwen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "schuwen",
      "name": "nl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "schuw"
      },
      "name": "nl-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 3 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "afschuwen"
        },
        {
          "word": "waarschuwen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to shun, eschew"
      ],
      "id": "en-schuwen-nl-verb-xhtqGpfr",
      "links": [
        [
          "shun",
          "shun"
        ],
        [
          "eschew",
          "eschew"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to shun, eschew"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsxyu̯ə(n)/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-schuwen.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/Nl-schuwen.ogg/Nl-schuwen.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Nl-schuwen.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-yu̯ən"
    }
  ],
  "word": "schuwen"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "schuwen",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: schuwen, schouwen (dialectal)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: schuwen, schouwen (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "af",
            "2": "sku"
          },
          "expansion": "Afrikaans: sku",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Afrikaans: sku"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "skiuwen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch skiuwen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*skiuhijan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skiuhijan",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Dutch skiuwen, from Proto-West Germanic *skiuhijan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dum-conj-wk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwens",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuus",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuus",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwende",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scuwen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schouwen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schauwen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": "",
        "head2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "schuwen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "schuwen",
      "name": "dum-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "schuw"
      },
      "name": "dum-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Dutch",
  "lang_code": "dum",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be afraid (of)"
      ],
      "id": "en-schuwen-dum-verb-twaGyGf1",
      "links": [
        [
          "afraid",
          "afraid"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 3 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "44 2 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to shy away from, to avoid"
      ],
      "id": "en-schuwen-dum-verb-kW0BBNGj",
      "links": [
        [
          "shy away",
          "shy away"
        ],
        [
          "avoid",
          "avoid"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "schuwen"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle Dutch lemmas",
    "Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle Dutch verbs",
    "Middle Dutch weak verbs",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "afschuwen"
    },
    {
      "word": "waarschuwen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "schuwen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch schuwen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "skiuwen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch skiuwen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*skiuhijan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skiuhijan",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch schuwen, from Old Dutch skiuwen, from Proto-West Germanic *skiuhijan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nl-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuw",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuw",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "Flanders",
        "colloquial",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "majestic",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "Flanders",
        "colloquial",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "majestic",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuw",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwend",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "geschuwd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schouwen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "schuwen",
      "name": "nl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "schuw"
      },
      "name": "nl-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Dutch basic verbs",
        "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
        "Dutch lemmas",
        "Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
        "Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
        "Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
        "Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
        "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Dutch transitive verbs",
        "Dutch verbs",
        "Dutch weak verbs",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Rhymes:Dutch/yu̯ən",
        "Rhymes:Dutch/yu̯ən/2 syllables"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to shun, eschew"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shun",
          "shun"
        ],
        [
          "eschew",
          "eschew"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to shun, eschew"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsxyu̯ə(n)/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-schuwen.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/Nl-schuwen.ogg/Nl-schuwen.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Nl-schuwen.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-yu̯ən"
    }
  ],
  "word": "schuwen"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle Dutch lemmas",
    "Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle Dutch verbs",
    "Middle Dutch weak verbs",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "schuwen",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: schuwen, schouwen (dialectal)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: schuwen, schouwen (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "af",
            "2": "sku"
          },
          "expansion": "Afrikaans: sku",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Afrikaans: sku"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "skiuwen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch skiuwen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*skiuhijan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skiuhijan",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Dutch skiuwen, from Proto-West Germanic *skiuhijan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dum-conj-wk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwens",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuus",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuus",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schuwende",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scuwen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schouwen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schauwen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": "",
        "head2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "schuwen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "schuwen",
      "name": "dum-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "schuw"
      },
      "name": "dum-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Dutch",
  "lang_code": "dum",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be afraid (of)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "afraid",
          "afraid"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to shy away from, to avoid"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shy away",
          "shy away"
        ],
        [
          "avoid",
          "avoid"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "schuwen"
}

Download raw JSONL data for schuwen meaning in All languages combined (10.3kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: schuwen/Middle Dutch 'base form' base_tags={'infinitive'}",
  "path": [
    "schuwen"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Dutch",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "schuwen",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (85b9f46 and 1b6da77). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.