See ruien on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "*ruden"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch *ruden",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*riudijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *riudijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "reuten",
"t": "to uproot, clear"
},
"expansion": "German reuten (“to uproot, clear”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*rodōn",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rodōn",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rooien"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rooien",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "roden"
},
"expansion": "German roden",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hrūþǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrūþǭ",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "roof",
"t": "scab"
},
"expansion": "Dutch roof (“scab”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "With regular syncope of intervocalic -d- from earlier ruiden, from Middle Dutch *ruden (attested in derived terms). Probably from Proto-West Germanic *riudijan, whence archaic German reuten (“to uproot, clear”), an ablaut variant of Proto-West Germanic *rodōn, whence Dutch rooien, German roden.\nAlternatively compare perhaps ruit (“mange”), regionally also rui, ruide, from Proto-Germanic *hrūþǭ, as hair loss is one of the main symptoms of mange in animals. The latter is probably related with Dutch roof (“scab”), to which compare the variant ruiven above (though the -v- can also be explained as the fortition of an epenthetic -w- in hiatus).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rui",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruide",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rui",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruide",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruide",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruide",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruide",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruide",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruide",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rui",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "geruid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ruien",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rui‧en"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rui"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rui"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to moult, to shed (of animals; lose a covering of fur, feathers or skin etc.)"
],
"id": "en-ruien-nl-verb-EA~seTh8",
"links": [
[
"moult",
"moult"
],
[
"shed",
"shed"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Belgium"
],
"word": "ruiven"
},
{
"word": "ruyen"
},
{
"word": "ruiden"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "ruyden"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrœy̯.ə(n)/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-ruien.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/Nl-ruien.ogg/Nl-ruien.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Nl-ruien.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-œy̯ən"
}
],
"word": "ruien"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "rui"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "*ruden"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch *ruden",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*riudijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *riudijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "reuten",
"t": "to uproot, clear"
},
"expansion": "German reuten (“to uproot, clear”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*rodōn",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rodōn",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rooien"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rooien",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "roden"
},
"expansion": "German roden",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hrūþǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrūþǭ",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "roof",
"t": "scab"
},
"expansion": "Dutch roof (“scab”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "With regular syncope of intervocalic -d- from earlier ruiden, from Middle Dutch *ruden (attested in derived terms). Probably from Proto-West Germanic *riudijan, whence archaic German reuten (“to uproot, clear”), an ablaut variant of Proto-West Germanic *rodōn, whence Dutch rooien, German roden.\nAlternatively compare perhaps ruit (“mange”), regionally also rui, ruide, from Proto-Germanic *hrūþǭ, as hair loss is one of the main symptoms of mange in animals. The latter is probably related with Dutch roof (“scab”), to which compare the variant ruiven above (though the -v- can also be explained as the fortition of an epenthetic -w- in hiatus).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rui",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruide",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rui",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruide",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruide",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruide",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruide",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruide",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruide",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rui",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruiend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "geruid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ruien",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rui‧en"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rui"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch verbs",
"Dutch weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/œy̯ən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/œy̯ən/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"to moult, to shed (of animals; lose a covering of fur, feathers or skin etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"moult",
"moult"
],
[
"shed",
"shed"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrœy̯.ə(n)/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-ruien.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/Nl-ruien.ogg/Nl-ruien.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Nl-ruien.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-œy̯ən"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Belgium"
],
"word": "ruiven"
},
{
"word": "ruyen"
},
{
"word": "ruiden"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "ruyden"
}
],
"word": "ruien"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ruien meaning in All languages combined (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.