See rugís on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "rugís",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "35 31 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 35 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rugir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first/third-person singular imperfect subjunctive of rugir"
],
"id": "en-rugís-ca-verb-wxrjUlnT",
"links": [
[
"rugir",
"rugir#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "rugís"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "rugís",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 31 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 35 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rugir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of rugir:",
"second-person singular voseo present indicative"
],
"id": "en-rugís-es-verb-8YkjZILN",
"links": [
[
"rugir",
"rugir#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-voseo"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 31 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 35 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rugir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of rugir:",
"second-person plural present indicative"
],
"id": "en-rugís-es-verb-LRlEzwe9",
"links": [
[
"rugir",
"rugir#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"word": "rugís"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Baltic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ltg",
"2": "rudzi"
},
"expansion": "Latgalian: rudzi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latgalian: rudzi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "rudzis",
"3": "rudzi"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: rudzis, rudzi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: rudzis, rudzi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "rugỹs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: rugỹs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: rugỹs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgs",
"2": "rogē"
},
"expansion": "Samogitian: rogē",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Samogitian: rogē"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Baltic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "ruggis",
"t": "ear of corn"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: ruggis (“ear of corn”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "written as Rugis"
},
"expansion": "(written as Rugis)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: ruggis (“ear of corn”) (written as Rugis)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*rъ̏žь",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *rъ̏žь f",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *rъ̏žь f (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*rugiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rugiz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In view of Proto-Germanic *rugiz (and dubious additional Indo-European cognates), traditionally considered inherited from a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) word for “rye”, one possible reconstruction of which is *Hrugʰís.\nHowever, there are formal problems with a PIE reconstruction, or indeed even of Proto-Balto-Slavic. Reviewing the Balto-Slavic material, Szemerényi concludes that the word was borrowed into the different subbranches separately.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-i-mf-mobile",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "rugís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgīˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgejes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgīˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgī⁽ˀ⁾ns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugéis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugejáu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rugejṓn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugḗiˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugejáu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "rugíšu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugímā⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rugímas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgīˀ (early forms)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugímāˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "rugímīˀs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugéi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgīˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgejes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*rugís m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rug",
"2": "rúg"
},
"name": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-i-mf-mobile"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*rugís",
"10": "rugejáu",
"11": "rugejáu",
"12": "rugímā<small>⁽</small>ˀ<small>⁾</small>",
"13": "rugímāˀ",
"14": "rúgīˀ",
"15": "rúgejes",
"16": "rúgī<small>⁽</small>ˀ<small>⁾</small>ns",
"17": "rugejṓn",
"18": "rugíšu",
"19": "rugímas",
"2": "*rúgin",
"20": "rugímīˀs",
"21": "rúgejes",
"3": "*rugéis",
"4": "*rugḗiˀ",
"5": "*rúgei",
"6": "*rúgīˀ (early forms)",
"7": "*rugéi",
"8": "rúgīˀ",
"9": "rúgīˀ",
"title": "Declension of *rugís (i-stem, mobile accent)"
},
"name": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/rugís",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Balto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Balto-Slavic nominals with mobile accent",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rye"
],
"id": "en-rugís-ine-bsl-pro-noun-v6waQjAx",
"links": [
[
"rye",
"rye"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "rugís"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "rugís",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan non-lemma forms",
"Catalan verb forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rugir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first/third-person singular imperfect subjunctive of rugir"
],
"links": [
[
"rugir",
"rugir#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "rugís"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Baltic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ltg",
"2": "rudzi"
},
"expansion": "Latgalian: rudzi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latgalian: rudzi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "rudzis",
"3": "rudzi"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: rudzis, rudzi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: rudzis, rudzi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "rugỹs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: rugỹs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: rugỹs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgs",
"2": "rogē"
},
"expansion": "Samogitian: rogē",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Samogitian: rogē"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Baltic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "ruggis",
"t": "ear of corn"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: ruggis (“ear of corn”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "written as Rugis"
},
"expansion": "(written as Rugis)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: ruggis (“ear of corn”) (written as Rugis)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*rъ̏žь",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *rъ̏žь f",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *rъ̏žь f (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*rugiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rugiz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In view of Proto-Germanic *rugiz (and dubious additional Indo-European cognates), traditionally considered inherited from a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) word for “rye”, one possible reconstruction of which is *Hrugʰís.\nHowever, there are formal problems with a PIE reconstruction, or indeed even of Proto-Balto-Slavic. Reviewing the Balto-Slavic material, Szemerényi concludes that the word was borrowed into the different subbranches separately.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-i-mf-mobile",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "rugís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgīˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgejes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgīˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgī⁽ˀ⁾ns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugéis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugejáu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rugejṓn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugḗiˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugejáu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "rugíšu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugímā⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rugímas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgīˀ (early forms)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugímāˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "rugímīˀs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugéi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgīˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rúgejes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*rugís m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rug",
"2": "rúg"
},
"name": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-i-mf-mobile"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*rugís",
"10": "rugejáu",
"11": "rugejáu",
"12": "rugímā<small>⁽</small>ˀ<small>⁾</small>",
"13": "rugímāˀ",
"14": "rúgīˀ",
"15": "rúgejes",
"16": "rúgī<small>⁽</small>ˀ<small>⁾</small>ns",
"17": "rugejṓn",
"18": "rugíšu",
"19": "rugímas",
"2": "*rúgin",
"20": "rugímīˀs",
"21": "rúgejes",
"3": "*rugéis",
"4": "*rugḗiˀ",
"5": "*rúgei",
"6": "*rúgīˀ (early forms)",
"7": "*rugéi",
"8": "rúgīˀ",
"9": "rúgīˀ",
"title": "Declension of *rugís (i-stem, mobile accent)"
},
"name": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/rugís",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic nominals with mobile accent",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"rye"
],
"links": [
[
"rye",
"rye"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "rugís"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish non-lemma forms",
"Spanish verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "rugís",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rugir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of rugir:",
"second-person singular voseo present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"rugir",
"rugir#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-voseo"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rugir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of rugir:",
"second-person plural present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"rugir",
"rugir#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"word": "rugís"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rugís meaning in All languages combined (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.