See rubben on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for rubben meaning in All languages combined (6.1kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rub"
},
"expansion": "English: rub",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: rub"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rub"
},
"expansion": "Scots: rub",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: rub"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "rubben"
},
"expansion": "Low German rubben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "rubben"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian rubben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "rubba"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rubba",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rubbōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rubbōną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*reufaną"
},
"expansion": "*reufaną",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, though akin to Low German rubben, Saterland Frisian rubben, and Old Norse rubba. Possibly ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rubbōną, related to *reufaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rubbeth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rubben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to rubben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rubben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbeden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yrubbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "rubben",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "rubb"
},
"expansion": "rubben (third-person singular simple present rubbeth, present participle rubbende, rubbynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle rubbed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rubb"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To rub; to move back and forwards on a surface:",
"To abrade; to rub as to wear down."
],
"id": "en-rubben-enm-verb-sr7f8kaO",
"links": [
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"abrade",
"abrade"
],
[
"wear",
"wear"
],
[
"down",
"down"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rudden"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To rub; to move back and forwards on a surface:",
"To scour; to rub as to clean."
],
"id": "en-rubben-enm-verb-hp2LjHb4",
"links": [
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"scour",
"scour"
],
[
"clean",
"clean"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rudden"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To rub; to move back and forwards on a surface:",
"To massage or stroke; to rub gently and soothingly."
],
"id": "en-rubben-enm-verb-BrIw2fSz",
"links": [
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"massage",
"massage"
],
[
"stroke",
"stroke"
],
[
"gently",
"gently"
],
[
"soothingly",
"soothingly"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rudden"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 8 15 55 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To file or scrape off; to attack with an edge."
],
"id": "en-rubben-enm-verb-~yjt8oym",
"links": [
[
"file",
"file"
],
[
"scrape",
"scrape"
],
[
"edge",
"edge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "enm:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To smear with a lotion."
],
"id": "en-rubben-enm-verb-mfx88m0X",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"smear",
"smear"
],
[
"lotion",
"lotion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) To smear with a lotion."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To scratch or claw."
],
"id": "en-rubben-enm-verb-D3Xxx1TG",
"links": [
[
"scratch",
"scratch"
],
[
"claw",
"claw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To scratch or claw."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrubən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "robbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "robby"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rubbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rubbyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rube"
}
],
"word": "rubben"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English terms with unknown etymologies",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rub"
},
"expansion": "English: rub",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: rub"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rub"
},
"expansion": "Scots: rub",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: rub"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "rubben"
},
"expansion": "Low German rubben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "rubben"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian rubben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "rubba"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rubba",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rubbōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rubbōną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*reufaną"
},
"expansion": "*reufaną",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, though akin to Low German rubben, Saterland Frisian rubben, and Old Norse rubba. Possibly ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rubbōną, related to *reufaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rubbeth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rubben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to rubben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rubben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbeden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yrubbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "rubben",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "rubb"
},
"expansion": "rubben (third-person singular simple present rubbeth, present participle rubbende, rubbynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle rubbed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rubb"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To rub; to move back and forwards on a surface:",
"To abrade; to rub as to wear down."
],
"links": [
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"abrade",
"abrade"
],
[
"wear",
"wear"
],
[
"down",
"down"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rudden"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To rub; to move back and forwards on a surface:",
"To scour; to rub as to clean."
],
"links": [
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"scour",
"scour"
],
[
"clean",
"clean"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rudden"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To rub; to move back and forwards on a surface:",
"To massage or stroke; to rub gently and soothingly."
],
"links": [
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"massage",
"massage"
],
[
"stroke",
"stroke"
],
[
"gently",
"gently"
],
[
"soothingly",
"soothingly"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rudden"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To file or scrape off; to attack with an edge."
],
"links": [
[
"file",
"file"
],
[
"scrape",
"scrape"
],
[
"edge",
"edge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"To smear with a lotion."
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"smear",
"smear"
],
[
"lotion",
"lotion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) To smear with a lotion."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To scratch or claw."
],
"links": [
[
"scratch",
"scratch"
],
[
"claw",
"claw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To scratch or claw."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrubən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "robbe"
},
{
"word": "robby"
},
{
"word": "rubbe"
},
{
"word": "rubbyn"
},
{
"word": "rube"
}
],
"word": "rubben"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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