See rhotacism on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for rhotacism meaning in All languages combined (9.7kB)
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "zetacism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lambdacism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "sigmatism"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "rhōtacismus"
},
"expansion": "New Latin rhōtacismus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "",
"4": "*ῥωτακισμός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek *ῥωτακισμός (*rhōtakismós)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ῥωτακίζω",
"3": "",
"4": "to incorrectly use rho"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "ῥῶ",
"3": "",
"4": "rho (the Greek equivalent of r)"
},
"expansion": "ῥῶ (rhô, “rho (the Greek equivalent of r)”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἰωτακίζω",
"3": "",
"4": "to incorrectly use iota"
},
"expansion": "ἰωτακίζω (iōtakízō, “to incorrectly use iota”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
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},
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"name": "m"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "ἀττικίζω",
"3": "",
"4": "talk like an Athenian"
},
"expansion": "ἀττικίζω (attikízō, “talk like an Athenian”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rho",
"3": "tacism"
},
"expansion": "rho + -tacism",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From New Latin rhōtacismus, from Ancient Greek *ῥωτακισμός (*rhōtakismós), from ῥωτακίζω (rhōtakízō, “to incorrectly use rho”), from ῥῶ (rhô, “rho (the Greek equivalent of r)”) in analogy with ἰωτακίζω (iōtakízō, “to incorrectly use iota”); this in turn from ἰῶτα (iôta) in analogy with ἀττικίζω (attikízō, “talk like an Athenian”). By surface analysis rho + -tacism.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rhotacisms",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"args": {
"1": "~"
},
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nonrhotic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "non-rhotic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rhotic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rhoticity"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An exaggerated use of the sound of the letter R."
],
"id": "en-rhotacism-en-noun-MRCzm1uw",
"links": [
[
"exaggerated",
"exaggerated"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"R",
"R"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "74 7 19",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "An exaggerated use of the sound of the letter R",
"word": "rotacismus"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 7 19",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "An exaggerated use of the sound of the letter R",
"word": "ráčkování"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 7 19",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "An exaggerated use of the sound of the letter R",
"word": "ráčkovanie"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Phonology",
"orig": "en:Phonology",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 68 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 67 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "10 67 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 67 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -tacism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R, such as Latin flos becoming florem in the accusative case; rhotacization."
],
"id": "en-rhotacism-en-noun-rnKQOBVp",
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
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[
"consonant",
"consonant"
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[
"flos",
"flos"
],
[
"florem",
"florem"
],
[
"rhotacization",
"rhotacization"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, phonology) A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R, such as Latin flos becoming florem in the accusative case; rhotacization."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 79 12",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ṙotacʻizm",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"word": "ռոտացիզմ"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 79 12",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "reakanutʻyun",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"word": "րեականություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 79 12",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rotacisme"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 79 12",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rotacisme"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 79 12",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"word": "rotaismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 79 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"word": "äänteenmuutos R:ksi"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 79 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"word": "rotasismi"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 79 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rhotacisme"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 79 12",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "roṭacizmi",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"word": "როტაციზმი"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 79 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rhotazismus"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 79 12",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rotakismós",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ρωτακισμός"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 79 12",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"word": "rotacizmus"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 79 12",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rotacismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 79 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rotacyzm"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 79 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rotacízm",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ротаци́зм"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 79 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"word": "rotacismo"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1970, Leland E. Hinsie, Robert Jean Campbell, Psychiatric Dictionary, Oxford University Press, page 711",
"text": "For example: r’s may become burrs or guttural grunts or w’s or l’s (rhotacism); […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1976: Deafness, Speech, and Hearing Publications, Inc., of Gallaudet College & the American Speech and Hearing Association, DSH Abstracts, volumes 16–17 (1976–1977), page 289 (Deafness Speech and Hearing Publications)",
"text": "From the analysis of Kana writings, hypothesizes that the inability to establish a stable… […] The correction of rhotacism by means of an electric vibrator."
},
{
"ref": "2005: Bernard Fogel, PhD, CCC-SLP, Exercising the Rhotacism in Absence of Pathology (ADVANCE)",
"text": "It is universally accepted that the rhotacism, a defective utterance of the /r/ sounds, is usually the last and most difficult American English consonant to correct functionally.\nI use two methods to help correct the rhotacism."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization."
],
"id": "en-rhotacism-en-noun-w0OtlqtA",
"links": [
[
"Inability",
"inability"
],
[
"pronounce",
"pronounce"
],
[
"derhotacization",
"derhotacization"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "15 8 77",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ráčkování"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 77",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization",
"word": "ärrävika"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 77",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "erre moscia"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 77",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rotacismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 77",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grassírovanije",
"sense": "Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "грасси́рование"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 77",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kartávostʹ",
"sense": "Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "карта́вость"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 77",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization",
"word": "rotacismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 77",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tafod tew"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹoʊtəsɪzəm/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"rhotacism"
],
"word": "rhotacism"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from New Latin",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from New Latin",
"English terms suffixed with -ism",
"English terms suffixed with -tacism",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "zetacism"
},
{
"word": "lambdacism"
},
{
"word": "sigmatism"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "rhōtacismus"
},
"expansion": "New Latin rhōtacismus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "",
"4": "*ῥωτακισμός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek *ῥωτακισμός (*rhōtakismós)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ῥωτακίζω",
"3": "",
"4": "to incorrectly use rho"
},
"expansion": "ῥωτακίζω (rhōtakízō, “to incorrectly use rho”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ῥῶ",
"3": "",
"4": "rho (the Greek equivalent of r)"
},
"expansion": "ῥῶ (rhô, “rho (the Greek equivalent of r)”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἰωτακίζω",
"3": "",
"4": "to incorrectly use iota"
},
"expansion": "ἰωτακίζω (iōtakízō, “to incorrectly use iota”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἰῶτα"
},
"expansion": "ἰῶτα (iôta)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀττικίζω",
"3": "",
"4": "talk like an Athenian"
},
"expansion": "ἀττικίζω (attikízō, “talk like an Athenian”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rho",
"3": "tacism"
},
"expansion": "rho + -tacism",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From New Latin rhōtacismus, from Ancient Greek *ῥωτακισμός (*rhōtakismós), from ῥωτακίζω (rhōtakízō, “to incorrectly use rho”), from ῥῶ (rhô, “rho (the Greek equivalent of r)”) in analogy with ἰωτακίζω (iōtakízō, “to incorrectly use iota”); this in turn from ἰῶτα (iôta) in analogy with ἀττικίζω (attikízō, “talk like an Athenian”). By surface analysis rho + -tacism.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rhotacisms",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "rhotacism (countable and uncountable, plural rhotacisms)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "nonrhotic"
},
{
"word": "non-rhotic"
},
{
"word": "rhotic"
},
{
"word": "rhoticity"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An exaggerated use of the sound of the letter R."
],
"links": [
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"exaggerated",
"exaggerated"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"R",
"R"
]
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"tags": [
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"uncountable"
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{
"categories": [
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"en:Phonology"
],
"glosses": [
"A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R, such as Latin flos becoming florem in the accusative case; rhotacization."
],
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"consonant",
"consonant"
],
[
"flos",
"flos"
],
[
"florem",
"florem"
],
[
"rhotacization",
"rhotacization"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, phonology) A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R, such as Latin flos becoming florem in the accusative case; rhotacization."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1970, Leland E. Hinsie, Robert Jean Campbell, Psychiatric Dictionary, Oxford University Press, page 711",
"text": "For example: r’s may become burrs or guttural grunts or w’s or l’s (rhotacism); […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1976: Deafness, Speech, and Hearing Publications, Inc., of Gallaudet College & the American Speech and Hearing Association, DSH Abstracts, volumes 16–17 (1976–1977), page 289 (Deafness Speech and Hearing Publications)",
"text": "From the analysis of Kana writings, hypothesizes that the inability to establish a stable… […] The correction of rhotacism by means of an electric vibrator."
},
{
"ref": "2005: Bernard Fogel, PhD, CCC-SLP, Exercising the Rhotacism in Absence of Pathology (ADVANCE)",
"text": "It is universally accepted that the rhotacism, a defective utterance of the /r/ sounds, is usually the last and most difficult American English consonant to correct functionally.\nI use two methods to help correct the rhotacism."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization."
],
"links": [
[
"Inability",
"inability"
],
[
"pronounce",
"pronounce"
],
[
"derhotacization",
"derhotacization"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹoʊtəsɪzəm/"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "An exaggerated use of the sound of the letter R",
"word": "rotacismus"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "An exaggerated use of the sound of the letter R",
"word": "ráčkování"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "An exaggerated use of the sound of the letter R",
"word": "ráčkovanie"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ṙotacʻizm",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"word": "ռոտացիզմ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "reakanutʻyun",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"word": "րեականություն"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rotacisme"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rotacisme"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"word": "rotaismo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"word": "äänteenmuutos R:ksi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"word": "rotasismi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rhotacisme"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "roṭacizmi",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"word": "როტაციზმი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rhotazismus"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rotakismós",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ρωτακισμός"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"word": "rotacizmus"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rotacismo"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rotacyzm"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rotacízm",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ротаци́зм"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R",
"word": "rotacismo"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ráčkování"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization",
"word": "ärrävika"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "erre moscia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rotacismo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grassírovanije",
"sense": "Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "грасси́рование"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kartávostʹ",
"sense": "Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "карта́вость"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization",
"word": "rotacismo"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "Inability to pronounce the letter R; derhotacization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tafod tew"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"rhotacism"
],
"word": "rhotacism"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.