See pyrъ on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "sę",
"english": "to flourish in spelt/couch grass (for field, area)",
"translation": "to flourish in spelt/couch grass (for field, area)",
"word": "pyriti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pyrika"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pyrina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "stem, root, or plant material of wheatgrass plant",
"translation": "stem, root, or plant material of wheatgrass plant",
"word": "pyrovina"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "pírel",
"sense": "ryegrass",
"word": "пи́рел"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "pir",
"word": "пир"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "pir",
"word": "пир"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "пи̏р"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "pȉr"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "pýr"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "pýr"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "pyr"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pyro",
"word": "пыро"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "pyro",
"word": "пиро"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "pyro",
"word": "пꙑро"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "pyro",
"word": "пꙑро"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "пи̏ро"
},
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "пѝрика"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "pȉrо"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "pìrika"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "sl",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "to grow full with couch grass; to become red, to blush",
"word": "zapíriti se"
}
],
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "pȋro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "sl",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "to grow full with couch grass; to become red, to blush",
"word": "zapíriti se"
}
],
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "píra"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*pū́ˀras",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *pū́ˀras m",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*puHrós",
"4": "",
"5": "sort of wild wheat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *puHrós (“sort of wild wheat”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Triticum compactum",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Triticum compactum",
"name": "taxlink"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pū̃ras",
"t": "corn of winter-wheat"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian pū̃ras (“corn of winter-wheat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "puri",
"3": "pûr̨i",
"g": "p",
"t": "winter wheat"
},
"expansion": "Latvian pûr̨i pl (“winter wheat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "pure",
"3": "",
"4": "rye brome",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian pure f (“rye brome”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πῡρός",
"t": "wheat"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πῡρός (pūrós, “wheat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wesh₂erós",
"3": "",
"4": "spring corn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wesh₂erós (“spring corn”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "sóra",
"t": "common millet"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian sóra (“common millet”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "sūra",
"t": "a kind of panicgrass"
},
"expansion": "Latvian sūra (“a kind of panicgrass”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "пӑри",
"t": "farro or spelt"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash пӑри (pări, “farro or spelt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*bugday",
"t": "wheat etc."
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *bugday (“wheat etc.”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*pyrъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pyrъ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Formally from Proto-Balto-Slavic *pū́ˀras m, *pū́ˀra n (descendants flucturate between mobile /in Lithuanian/ and fixed /in Slavic/ accent paradigms), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *puHrós (“sort of wild wheat”) (according to Witczak, originally Triticum compactum). Cognate with Lithuanian pū̃ras (“corn of winter-wheat”) (plural pūrai̇̃ refers to the plant), Latvian pûr̨i pl (“winter wheat”), Old Prussian pure f (“rye brome”), Ancient Greek πῡρός (pūrós, “wheat”).\nSynchronically, represents an o-stem variant of i-stems *pyrь, *pyrьjь, with no discernable difference in meaning. Possibly diachronically formed as a (common) objective counterpart to an earlier (neuter) r/n-stem mass noun. Similar constructions are also found in Proto-Indo-European *wesh₂erós (“spring corn”), *sweh₂réh₂ (“millet”) (whence Lithuanian sóra (“common millet”), Western-Curonian dial. Latvian sūra (“a kind of panicgrass”)).\n(The similarity to Chuvash пӑри (pări, “farro or spelt”), occassionally noted in the literature, is sometimes dismissed as a coincidence in view of its supposed derivation from Proto-Turkic *bugday (“wheat etc.”). However, Róna-Tas et al. reject this and argue that it is indeed related to Proto-Slavic *pyrъ. )",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pỳrъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "*pỳro",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*pỳra",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pyrъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳrъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳroma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳromъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pyrъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳrъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳromь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳroma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳrȳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳrě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳrě̄xъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pyrъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"sense": "*pyrьnъ (“partaining to wheatgrass”)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pyrьnikъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"english": "couch grass; spelt; in languages where the primary term refers to",
"sense": "*pyrьnъ (“partaining to wheatgrass”)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"translation": "couch grass; spelt; in languages where the primary term refers to",
"word": "pyrьnica"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wild rye, couch grass (Elymus spp.)"
],
"id": "en-pyrъ-sla-pro-noun-84F6NjPM",
"links": [
[
"wild rye",
"wild rye"
],
[
"couch grass",
"couch grass"
],
[
"Elymus",
"Elymus"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"spelt (Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta)"
],
"id": "en-pyrъ-sla-pro-noun-AZ9NrBuq",
"links": [
[
"spelt",
"spelt"
],
[
"Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta",
"Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pyrъ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "sę",
"english": "to flourish in spelt/couch grass (for field, area)",
"translation": "to flourish in spelt/couch grass (for field, area)",
"word": "pyriti"
},
{
"word": "pyrika"
},
{
"word": "pyrina"
},
{
"english": "stem, root, or plant material of wheatgrass plant",
"translation": "stem, root, or plant material of wheatgrass plant",
"word": "pyrovina"
},
{
"sense": "*pyrьnъ (“partaining to wheatgrass”)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pyrьnikъ"
},
{
"english": "couch grass; spelt; in languages where the primary term refers to",
"sense": "*pyrьnъ (“partaining to wheatgrass”)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"translation": "couch grass; spelt; in languages where the primary term refers to",
"word": "pyrьnica"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "pírel",
"sense": "ryegrass",
"word": "пи́рел"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "pir",
"word": "пир"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "pir",
"word": "пир"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "пи̏р"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "pȉr"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "pýr"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "pýr"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "pyr"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pyro",
"word": "пыро"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "pyro",
"word": "пиро"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "pyro",
"word": "пꙑро"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "pyro",
"word": "пꙑро"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "пи̏ро"
},
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "пѝрика"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "pȉrо"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "pìrika"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "sl",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "to grow full with couch grass; to become red, to blush",
"word": "zapíriti se"
}
],
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "pȋro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "sl",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "to grow full with couch grass; to become red, to blush",
"word": "zapíriti se"
}
],
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "píra"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*pū́ˀras",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *pū́ˀras m",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*puHrós",
"4": "",
"5": "sort of wild wheat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *puHrós (“sort of wild wheat”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Triticum compactum",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Triticum compactum",
"name": "taxlink"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pū̃ras",
"t": "corn of winter-wheat"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian pū̃ras (“corn of winter-wheat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "puri",
"3": "pûr̨i",
"g": "p",
"t": "winter wheat"
},
"expansion": "Latvian pûr̨i pl (“winter wheat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "pure",
"3": "",
"4": "rye brome",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian pure f (“rye brome”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πῡρός",
"t": "wheat"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πῡρός (pūrós, “wheat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wesh₂erós",
"3": "",
"4": "spring corn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wesh₂erós (“spring corn”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "sóra",
"t": "common millet"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian sóra (“common millet”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "sūra",
"t": "a kind of panicgrass"
},
"expansion": "Latvian sūra (“a kind of panicgrass”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "пӑри",
"t": "farro or spelt"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash пӑри (pări, “farro or spelt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*bugday",
"t": "wheat etc."
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *bugday (“wheat etc.”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*pyrъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pyrъ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Formally from Proto-Balto-Slavic *pū́ˀras m, *pū́ˀra n (descendants flucturate between mobile /in Lithuanian/ and fixed /in Slavic/ accent paradigms), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *puHrós (“sort of wild wheat”) (according to Witczak, originally Triticum compactum). Cognate with Lithuanian pū̃ras (“corn of winter-wheat”) (plural pūrai̇̃ refers to the plant), Latvian pûr̨i pl (“winter wheat”), Old Prussian pure f (“rye brome”), Ancient Greek πῡρός (pūrós, “wheat”).\nSynchronically, represents an o-stem variant of i-stems *pyrь, *pyrьjь, with no discernable difference in meaning. Possibly diachronically formed as a (common) objective counterpart to an earlier (neuter) r/n-stem mass noun. Similar constructions are also found in Proto-Indo-European *wesh₂erós (“spring corn”), *sweh₂réh₂ (“millet”) (whence Lithuanian sóra (“common millet”), Western-Curonian dial. Latvian sūra (“a kind of panicgrass”)).\n(The similarity to Chuvash пӑри (pări, “farro or spelt”), occassionally noted in the literature, is sometimes dismissed as a coincidence in view of its supposed derivation from Proto-Turkic *bugday (“wheat etc.”). However, Róna-Tas et al. reject this and argue that it is indeed related to Proto-Slavic *pyrъ. )",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pỳrъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "*pỳro",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*pỳra",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pyrъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳrъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳroma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳromъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pyrъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳrъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳromь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳroma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳrȳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳrě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳrě̄xъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pỳri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pyrъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"sla-pro:Grains"
],
"glosses": [
"wild rye, couch grass (Elymus spp.)"
],
"links": [
[
"wild rye",
"wild rye"
],
[
"couch grass",
"couch grass"
],
[
"Elymus",
"Elymus"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"sla-pro:Grains"
],
"glosses": [
"spelt (Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta)"
],
"links": [
[
"spelt",
"spelt"
],
[
"Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta",
"Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pyrъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pyrъ meaning in All languages combined (9.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.