See przygasić on Wiktionary
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pl", "2": "przy-", "3": "gasić" }, "expansion": "przy- + gasić", "name": "af" } ], "etymology_text": "From przy- + gasić.", "forms": [ { "form": "przygaszać", "tags": [ "imperfective" ] }, { "form": "perfective", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "pl-conj-ap-ić", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "przygasić", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "przygaszę", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasimy", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "plural" ] }, { "form": "przygasisz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasicie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "plural" ] }, { "form": "przygasi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygaszą", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygasi się", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "impersonal" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłem", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "masculine", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-(e)m przygasił", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "masculine", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłam", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "feminine", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-(e)m przygasiła", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "feminine", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłom", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "neuter", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-(e)m przygasiło", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "neuter", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiliśmy", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "-(e)śmy przygasili", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłyśmy", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "nonvirile", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-(e)śmy przygasiły", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "nonvirile", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłeś", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "masculine", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-(e)ś przygasił", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "masculine", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłaś", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "feminine", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-(e)ś przygasiła", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "feminine", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłoś", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "neuter", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-(e)ś przygasiło", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "neuter", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiliście", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "-(e)ście przygasili", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłyście", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "nonvirile", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-(e)ście przygasiły", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "nonvirile", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "przygasił", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "masculine", "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygasiła", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "feminine", "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygasiło", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "neuter", "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygasili", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person", "virile" ] }, { "form": "przygasiły", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "nonvirile", "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygaszono", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "impersonal", "past" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłbym", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "bym przygasił", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłabym", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "bym przygasiła", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłobym", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "bym przygasiło", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasilibyśmy", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "byśmy przygasili", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłybyśmy", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "nonvirile", "plural" ] }, { "form": "byśmy przygasiły", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "nonvirile", "plural" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłbyś", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "byś przygasił", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłabyś", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "byś przygasiła", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłobyś", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "byś przygasiło", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasilibyście", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "byście przygasili", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłybyście", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "nonvirile", "plural" ] }, { "form": "byście przygasiły", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "nonvirile", "plural" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłby", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "masculine", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "by przygasił", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "masculine", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłaby", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "feminine", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "by przygasiła", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "feminine", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłoby", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "neuter", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "by przygasiło", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "neuter", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygasiliby", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "third-person", "virile" ] }, { "form": "by przygasili", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "third-person", "virile" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłyby", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "nonvirile", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "by przygasiły", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "nonvirile", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygaszono by", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "impersonal" ] }, { "form": "niech przygaszę", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygaśmy", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "przygaś", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygaście", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "niech przygasi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "niech przygaszą", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygaszony", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "adjectival", "masculine", "participle", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygaszona", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "adjectival", "feminine", "participle", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygaszone", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "adjectival", "neuter", "participle", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygaszeni", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "adjectival", "participle", "passive", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "przygaszone", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "adjectival", "nonvirile", "participle", "passive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "przygasiwszy", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "adverbial", "anterior", "participle" ] }, { "form": "przygaszenie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "noun-from-verb" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pf", "impf": "przygaszać" }, "expansion": "przygasić pf (imperfective przygaszać)", "name": "pl-verb" } ], "hyphenation": [ "przy‧ga‧sić" ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "przyga", "2": "s", "3": "pp" }, "name": "pl-conj-ap-ić" }, { "args": { "1": "przygasić", "2": "przygaszę", "3": "przygasi", "4": "przygaszą", "5": "przygasi", "6": "przygasi", "7": "przygasi", "8": "przygaś", "ap": "przygasiwszy", "ip": "przygaszono", "pp": "przygaszon", "pp2": "przygaszeni", "vn": "przygaszenie" }, "name": "pl-conj-ap" } ], "lang": "Polish", "lang_code": "pl", "pos": "verb", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "przygasły" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "gasić" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "przygasać" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "tags": [ "perfective" ], "word": "przygasnąć" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "to dampen, to smother" ], "id": "en-przygasić-pl-verb-yLBCQBjk", "links": [ [ "dampen", "dampen" ], [ "smother", "smother" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(transitive) to dampen, to smother" ], "tags": [ "perfective", "transitive" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "27 55 18", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 62 19", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "36 53 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "26 48 26", "kind": "other", "name": "Polish terms prefixed with przy-", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "to dim, to turn down" ], "id": "en-przygasić-pl-verb-YoggBYSE", "links": [ [ "dim", "dim" ], [ "turn down", "turn down" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(transitive) to dim, to turn down" ], "tags": [ "perfective", "transitive" ] }, { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "to discourage, to subdue, to take the wind out of someone's sails" ], "id": "en-przygasić-pl-verb-DgZ5PPY4", "links": [ [ "discourage", "discourage" ], [ "subdue", "subdue" ], [ "take the wind out of someone's sails", "take the wind out of someone's sails" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(transitive) to discourage, to subdue, to take the wind out of someone's sails" ], "tags": [ "perfective", "transitive" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/pʂɘˈɡa.ɕit͡ɕ/" }, { "rhymes": "-aɕit͡ɕ" } ], "word": "przygasić" }
{ "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Polish 3-syllable words", "Polish entries with incorrect language header", "Polish lemmas", "Polish perfective verbs", "Polish terms prefixed with przy-", "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation", "Polish terms with audio pronunciation", "Polish verbs", "Rhymes:Polish/aɕit͡ɕ", "Rhymes:Polish/aɕit͡ɕ/3 syllables" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pl", "2": "przy-", "3": "gasić" }, "expansion": "przy- + gasić", "name": "af" } ], "etymology_text": "From przy- + gasić.", "forms": [ { "form": "przygaszać", "tags": [ "imperfective" ] }, { "form": "perfective", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "pl-conj-ap-ić", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "przygasić", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "przygaszę", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasimy", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "plural" ] }, { "form": "przygasisz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasicie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "plural" ] }, { "form": "przygasi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygaszą", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygasi się", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "impersonal" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłem", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "masculine", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-(e)m przygasił", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "masculine", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłam", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "feminine", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-(e)m przygasiła", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "feminine", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłom", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "neuter", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-(e)m przygasiło", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "neuter", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiliśmy", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "-(e)śmy przygasili", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłyśmy", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "nonvirile", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-(e)śmy przygasiły", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "nonvirile", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłeś", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "masculine", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-(e)ś przygasił", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "masculine", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłaś", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "feminine", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-(e)ś przygasiła", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "feminine", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłoś", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "neuter", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-(e)ś przygasiło", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "neuter", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiliście", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "-(e)ście przygasili", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłyście", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "nonvirile", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-(e)ście przygasiły", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "nonvirile", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "przygasił", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "masculine", "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygasiła", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "feminine", "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygasiło", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "neuter", "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygasili", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person", "virile" ] }, { "form": "przygasiły", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "nonvirile", "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygaszono", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "impersonal", "past" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłbym", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "bym przygasił", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłabym", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "bym przygasiła", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłobym", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "bym przygasiło", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasilibyśmy", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "byśmy przygasili", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłybyśmy", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "nonvirile", "plural" ] }, { "form": "byśmy przygasiły", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "nonvirile", "plural" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłbyś", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "byś przygasił", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłabyś", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "byś przygasiła", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłobyś", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "byś przygasiło", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygasilibyście", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "byście przygasili", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłybyście", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "nonvirile", "plural" ] }, { "form": "byście przygasiły", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "nonvirile", "plural" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłby", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "masculine", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "by przygasił", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "masculine", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłaby", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "feminine", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "by przygasiła", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "feminine", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłoby", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "neuter", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "by przygasiło", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "neuter", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygasiliby", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "third-person", "virile" ] }, { "form": "by przygasili", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "third-person", "virile" ] }, { "form": "przygasiłyby", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "nonvirile", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "by przygasiły", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "nonvirile", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygaszono by", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "impersonal" ] }, { "form": "niech przygaszę", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygaśmy", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "przygaś", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygaście", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "niech przygasi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "niech przygaszą", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "przygaszony", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "adjectival", "masculine", "participle", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygaszona", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "adjectival", "feminine", "participle", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygaszone", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "adjectival", "neuter", "participle", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "przygaszeni", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "adjectival", "participle", "passive", "plural", "virile" ] }, { "form": "przygaszone", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "adjectival", "nonvirile", "participle", "passive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "przygasiwszy", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "adverbial", "anterior", "participle" ] }, { "form": "przygaszenie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "noun-from-verb" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pf", "impf": "przygaszać" }, "expansion": "przygasić pf (imperfective przygaszać)", "name": "pl-verb" } ], "hyphenation": [ "przy‧ga‧sić" ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "przyga", "2": "s", "3": "pp" }, "name": "pl-conj-ap-ić" }, { "args": { "1": "przygasić", "2": "przygaszę", "3": "przygasi", "4": "przygaszą", "5": "przygasi", "6": "przygasi", "7": "przygasi", "8": "przygaś", "ap": "przygasiwszy", "ip": "przygaszono", "pp": "przygaszon", "pp2": "przygaszeni", "vn": "przygaszenie" }, "name": "pl-conj-ap" } ], "lang": "Polish", "lang_code": "pl", "pos": "verb", "related": [ { "word": "przygasły" }, { "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "gasić" }, { "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "przygasać" }, { "tags": [ "perfective" ], "word": "przygasnąć" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Polish transitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "to dampen, to smother" ], "links": [ [ "dampen", "dampen" ], [ "smother", "smother" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(transitive) to dampen, to smother" ], "tags": [ "perfective", "transitive" ] }, { "categories": [ "Polish transitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "to dim, to turn down" ], "links": [ [ "dim", "dim" ], [ "turn down", "turn down" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(transitive) to dim, to turn down" ], "tags": [ "perfective", "transitive" ] }, { "categories": [ "Polish transitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "to discourage, to subdue, to take the wind out of someone's sails" ], "links": [ [ "discourage", "discourage" ], [ "subdue", "subdue" ], [ "take the wind out of someone's sails", "take the wind out of someone's sails" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(transitive) to discourage, to subdue, to take the wind out of someone's sails" ], "tags": [ "perfective", "transitive" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/pʂɘˈɡa.ɕit͡ɕ/" }, { "rhymes": "-aɕit͡ɕ" } ], "word": "przygasić" }
Download raw JSONL data for przygasić meaning in All languages combined (10.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.