See près on Wiktionary
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"4": "",
"5": "closely"
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"expansion": "Old French pres (“closely”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*pressō"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *pressō",
"name": "der"
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{
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"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "pressus",
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"5": "concise"
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},
{
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},
"expansion": "Italian presso",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "pressu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian pressu",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French pres (“closely”), from Vulgar Latin *pressō, from Latin pressus (“concise”), from premō (“to press, push, condense”). Cognate with Italian presso and Sicilian pressu.",
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"lang_code": "fr",
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"bold_text_offsets": [
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14,
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"text": "J'habite tout près.",
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"type": "example"
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{
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9,
13
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"text": "J'habite près de l'épicerie.",
"translation": "I live close to the grocery store.",
"type": "example"
}
],
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"near (a time or a place); close (to a time or a place)"
],
"id": "en-près-fr-adv-O1a02u4i",
"links": [
[
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],
[
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]
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"5": "closely"
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"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *pressō",
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{
"english": "within such and such",
"translation": "within such and such",
"word": "à ... près"
},
{
"word": "à la virgule près"
},
{
"word": "à peu de choses près"
},
{
"word": "à peu près"
},
{
"word": "après"
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{
"word": "de près"
},
{
"word": "presque"
}
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"bold_text_offsets": [
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10,
14
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"text": "un expert près les tribunaux",
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"type": "example"
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{
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15,
19
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"english": "court-appointed prosecutors",
"text": "les procureurs près les tribunaux",
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"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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22,
26
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"bold_translation_offsets": [
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19,
21
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"text": "l'ambassade de France près le Saint-Siège",
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"type": "example"
},
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"bold_text_offsets": [
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14,
18
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17
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"english": "the ambassador to the Holy See",
"text": "l'ambassadeur près le Saint-Siège",
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"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-près-fr-prep-Nluu6NlN",
"links": [
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],
[
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"attach"
]
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"(formal or law) attached to, connects a person or an organisation delegated officially to a setting."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "auprès de"
}
],
"tags": [
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],
"topics": [
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"word": "près"
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{
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}
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"3": "pres",
"4": "",
"5": "closely"
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"expansion": "Old French pres (“closely”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
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"2": "adverb"
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"3": "press"
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"name": "bor+"
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],
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"tags": [
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"masculine"
]
}
],
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"lang_code": "cy",
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],
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],
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"word": "dirdorf"
}
]
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-près-cy-noun-KOYuWIZH",
"links": [
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"impressment"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/prɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛs"
}
],
"word": "près"
}
{
"categories": [
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"_dis": "0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "cy:Military",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "pres",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh pres",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "pres"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle Welsh pres",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*pres"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *pres",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "la",
"3": "pressus"
},
"expansion": "Latin pressus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Welsh pres, from Proto-Brythonic *pres, from Latin pressus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "près",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "brès",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "mhrès",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "phrès",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "près m (uncountable)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "press for wine- or cheesemaking",
"word": "pres"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of pres (“press for wine- or cheesemaking”)"
],
"id": "en-près-cy-noun-8lVayIL8",
"links": [
[
"pres",
"pres#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/prɛs/"
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{
"rhymes": "-ɛs"
}
],
"word": "près"
}
{
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"French adverbs",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French prepositions",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"cy:Military"
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"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "pres",
"4": "",
"5": "closely"
},
"expansion": "Old French pres (“closely”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*pressō"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *pressō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "pressus",
"4": "",
"5": "concise"
},
"expansion": "Latin pressus (“concise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "presso"
},
"expansion": "Italian presso",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "pressu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian pressu",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French pres (“closely”), from Vulgar Latin *pressō, from Latin pressus (“concise”), from premō (“to press, push, condense”). Cognate with Italian presso and Sicilian pressu.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "près",
"name": "fr-adv"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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14,
18
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
12,
18
]
],
"english": "I live just nearby.",
"text": "J'habite tout près.",
"translation": "I live just nearby.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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9,
13
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
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7,
12
]
],
"english": "I live close to the grocery store.",
"text": "J'habite près de l'épicerie.",
"translation": "I live close to the grocery store.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"near (a time or a place); close (to a time or a place)"
],
"links": [
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"close",
"close"
]
]
}
],
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"ipa": "/pʁɛ/"
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"French lemmas",
"French prepositions",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Old French",
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{
"word": "à la virgule près"
},
{
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{
"word": "à peu près"
},
{
"word": "après"
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{
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},
{
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}
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"2": "fro",
"3": "pres",
"4": "",
"5": "closely"
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"expansion": "Old French pres (“closely”)",
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{
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"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *pressō",
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{
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"expansion": "Italian presso",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "pressu"
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"expansion": "Sicilian pressu",
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"args": {},
"expansion": "près",
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"French terms with usage examples",
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10,
14
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19
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"type": "example"
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{
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26
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"bold_translation_offsets": [
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21
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"type": "example"
},
{
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18
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],
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17
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],
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"type": "example"
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],
"glosses": [
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"links": [
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"law#English"
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[
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"tags": [
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"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "fro",
"3": "pres",
"4": "",
"5": "closely"
},
"expansion": "Old French pres (“closely”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Old French pres (“closely”). See above.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "près",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Walloon",
"lang_code": "wa",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Walloon adverbs",
"Walloon entries with incorrect language header",
"Walloon lemmas",
"Walloon terms derived from Old French"
],
"glosses": [
"near"
],
"links": [
[
"near",
"near"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʀɛ/"
}
],
"word": "près"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Welsh/ɛs",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh terms borrowed from English",
"Welsh terms derived from English",
"Welsh terms derived from Latin",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms spelled with È",
"Welsh terms spelled with ◌̀",
"Welsh uncountable nouns",
"cy:Military"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "en",
"3": "press"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English press",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English press.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "y près",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "y près"
},
"expansion": "y près m",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"press-gang"
],
"links": [
[
"press-gang",
"press-gang"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dirdorf"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"impressment"
],
"links": [
[
"impressment",
"impressment"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/prɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛs"
}
],
"word": "près"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Welsh/ɛs",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh terms derived from Latin",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms spelled with È",
"Welsh terms spelled with ◌̀",
"Welsh uncountable nouns",
"cy:Military"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "pres",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh pres",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "pres"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle Welsh pres",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*pres"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *pres",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "la",
"3": "pressus"
},
"expansion": "Latin pressus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Welsh pres, from Proto-Brythonic *pres, from Latin pressus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "près",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "brès",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "mhrès",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "phrès",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "près m (uncountable)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "press for wine- or cheesemaking",
"word": "pres"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of pres (“press for wine- or cheesemaking”)"
],
"links": [
[
"pres",
"pres#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/prɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛs"
}
],
"word": "près"
}
Download raw JSONL data for près meaning in All languages combined (17.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: près/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"près"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "près",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: près/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"près"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "près",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: près/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"près"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "près",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-10-01 using wiktextract (28c0cbd and a979ada). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.