"pinsa" meaning in All languages combined

See pinsa on Wiktionary

Noun [Italian]

IPA: /ˈpin.sa/ Forms: pinse [plural]
Rhymes: -insa Etymology: Lazian variant of pizza. Head templates: {{it-noun|f}} pinsa f (plural pinse)
  1. (Rome) sourdough pizza made with cereal flour (from rice, soy, wheat, etc.), aromatic herbs, and water. Wikipedia link: Lazio Tags: feminine Categories (topical): Food and drink Derived forms: pinseria
    Sense id: en-pinsa-it-noun-PnBxE4sR Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 4 entries, Romanesco Italian

Verb [Latin]

Forms: pīnsa [canonical], pīnsā [canonical]
Head templates: {{head|la|participle form|head=pīnsa}} pīnsa, {{head|la|participle form|head=pīnsā}} pīnsā
  1. inflection of pīnsus:
    nominative/vocative feminine singular
    Tags: feminine, form-of, nominative, participle, singular, vocative
    Sense id: en-pinsa-la-verb-KR-m0x1K Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 4 entries Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 34 29 37 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 36 32 32
  2. inflection of pīnsus:
    nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural
    Tags: accusative, form-of, neuter, nominative, participle, plural, vocative
    Sense id: en-pinsa-la-verb-Nn9jL2Gd Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 4 entries Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 34 29 37 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 36 32 32
  3. ablative feminine singular of pīnsus Tags: ablative, feminine, form-of, participle, singular Form of: pīnsus
    Sense id: en-pinsa-la-verb-28xpeIjI Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 4 entries Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 34 29 37 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 36 32 32

Noun [Norwegian Bokmål]

Head templates: {{head|nb|noun form|g=m|g2=f}} pinsa m or f
  1. definite feminine singular of pinse Tags: definite, feminine, form-of, masculine, singular Form of: pinse Synonyms: pinsen
    Sense id: en-pinsa-nb-noun-JQUoe1DL Categories (other): Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 4 entries

Noun [Norwegian Nynorsk]

Head templates: {{head|nn|noun form|g=f|g2=m}} pinsa f or m
  1. definite feminine singular of pinse Tags: definite, feminine, form-of, masculine, singular Form of: pinse Synonyms: pinsen
    Sense id: en-pinsa-nn-noun-JQUoe1DL Categories (other): Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 4 entries

Noun [Proto-Japonic]

Head templates: {{head|jpx-pro|noun}} *pinsa
  1. foot, leg Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-pinsa-jpx-pro-noun-Xac9Gpm4 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Proto-Japonic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 50 50 Disambiguation of Proto-Japonic entries with incorrect language header: 46 54
  2. knee Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-pinsa-jpx-pro-noun-ae9aiLAn Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Proto-Japonic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 50 50 Disambiguation of Proto-Japonic entries with incorrect language header: 46 54

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_text": "Lazian variant of pizza.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pinse",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "pinsa f (plural pinse)",
      "name": "it-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pìn‧sa"
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanesco Italian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "it",
          "name": "Food and drink",
          "orig": "it:Food and drink",
          "parents": [
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "pinseria"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sourdough pizza made with cereal flour (from rice, soy, wheat, etc.), aromatic herbs, and water."
      ],
      "id": "en-pinsa-it-noun-PnBxE4sR",
      "links": [
        [
          "sourdough",
          "sourdough"
        ],
        [
          "cereal",
          "cereal"
        ],
        [
          "flour",
          "flour"
        ],
        [
          "rice",
          "rice"
        ],
        [
          "soy",
          "soy"
        ],
        [
          "wheat",
          "wheat"
        ],
        [
          "aromatic",
          "aromatic"
        ],
        [
          "herb",
          "herb"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Rome",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Rome) sourdough pizza made with cereal flour (from rice, soy, wheat, etc.), aromatic herbs, and water."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Lazio"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpin.sa/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-insa"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pinsa"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pīnsa",
      "head_nr": 1,
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnsā",
      "head_nr": 2,
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "participle form",
        "head": "pīnsa"
      },
      "expansion": "pīnsa",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "participle form",
        "head": "pīnsā"
      },
      "expansion": "pīnsā",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 29 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 32 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of pīnsus:",
        "nominative/vocative feminine singular"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-pinsa-la-verb-KR-m0x1K",
      "links": [
        [
          "pīnsus",
          "pinsus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "nominative",
        "participle",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 29 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 32 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of pīnsus:",
        "nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-pinsa-la-verb-Nn9jL2Gd",
      "links": [
        [
          "pīnsus",
          "pinsus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "form-of",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "participle",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 29 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 32 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "pīnsus"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ablative feminine singular of pīnsus"
      ],
      "head_nr": 2,
      "id": "en-pinsa-la-verb-28xpeIjI",
      "links": [
        [
          "pīnsus",
          "pinsus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "pinsa"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "noun form",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "pinsa m or f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
  "lang_code": "nb",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "pinse"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "definite feminine singular of pinse"
      ],
      "id": "en-pinsa-nb-noun-JQUoe1DL",
      "links": [
        [
          "pinse",
          "pinse#Norwegian_Bokmål"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pinsen"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "pinsa"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "noun form",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "pinsa f or m",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
  "lang_code": "nn",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "pinse"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "definite feminine singular of pinse"
      ],
      "id": "en-pinsa-nn-noun-JQUoe1DL",
      "links": [
        [
          "pinse",
          "pinse#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pinsen"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "pinsa"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ojp",
            "2": "膝",
            "t": "knee",
            "tr": "piza"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Japanese: 膝 (piza, “knee”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Japanese: 膝 (piza, “knee”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "膝",
            "tr": "hiza"
          },
          "expansion": "Japanese: 膝 (hiza)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Japanese: 膝 (hiza)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
            "2": "*pisa",
            "t": "foot, leg"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Ryukyuan: *pisa (“foot, leg”)\nNorthern Ryukyuan: 피샤 (/⁠pʰi.sja⁠/) (Haytong Ceykwukki, 1501)\nKunigami: 足 (phisā)\nOkinawan: 足 (fisa)\nSouthern Ryukyuan:\nMiyako: 足 (psïsa)\nYaeyama: 足 (psïsa)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Ryukyuan: *pisa (“foot, leg”)\nNorthern Ryukyuan: 피샤 (/⁠pʰi.sja⁠/) (Haytong Ceykwukki, 1501)\nKunigami: 足 (phisā)\nOkinawan: 足 (fisa)\nSouthern Ryukyuan:\nMiyako: 足 (psïsa)\nYaeyama: 足 (psïsa)"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "*pinsa",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Japonic",
  "lang_code": "jpx-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/pinsa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Japonic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "foot, leg"
      ],
      "id": "en-pinsa-jpx-pro-noun-Xac9Gpm4",
      "links": [
        [
          "foot",
          "foot"
        ],
        [
          "leg",
          "leg"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Japonic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "knee"
      ],
      "id": "en-pinsa-jpx-pro-noun-ae9aiLAn",
      "links": [
        [
          "knee",
          "knee"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "pinsa"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "pinseria"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Lazian variant of pizza.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pinse",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "pinsa f (plural pinse)",
      "name": "it-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pìn‧sa"
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian 2-syllable words",
        "Italian countable nouns",
        "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Italian feminine nouns",
        "Italian lemmas",
        "Italian nouns",
        "Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Rhymes:Italian/insa",
        "Rhymes:Italian/insa/2 syllables",
        "Romanesco Italian",
        "it:Food and drink"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sourdough pizza made with cereal flour (from rice, soy, wheat, etc.), aromatic herbs, and water."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sourdough",
          "sourdough"
        ],
        [
          "cereal",
          "cereal"
        ],
        [
          "flour",
          "flour"
        ],
        [
          "rice",
          "rice"
        ],
        [
          "soy",
          "soy"
        ],
        [
          "wheat",
          "wheat"
        ],
        [
          "aromatic",
          "aromatic"
        ],
        [
          "herb",
          "herb"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Rome",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Rome) sourdough pizza made with cereal flour (from rice, soy, wheat, etc.), aromatic herbs, and water."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Lazio"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpin.sa/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-insa"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pinsa"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin participle forms",
    "Pages with 4 entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pīnsa",
      "head_nr": 1,
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnsā",
      "head_nr": 2,
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "participle form",
        "head": "pīnsa"
      },
      "expansion": "pīnsa",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "participle form",
        "head": "pīnsā"
      },
      "expansion": "pīnsā",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of pīnsus:",
        "nominative/vocative feminine singular"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "links": [
        [
          "pīnsus",
          "pinsus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "nominative",
        "participle",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of pīnsus:",
        "nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "links": [
        [
          "pīnsus",
          "pinsus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "form-of",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "participle",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "pīnsus"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ablative feminine singular of pīnsus"
      ],
      "head_nr": 2,
      "links": [
        [
          "pīnsus",
          "pinsus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "pinsa"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "noun form",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "pinsa m or f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
  "lang_code": "nb",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
        "Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms",
        "Norwegian Bokmål noun forms",
        "Pages with 4 entries"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "pinse"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "definite feminine singular of pinse"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pinse",
          "pinse#Norwegian_Bokmål"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "pinsen"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pinsa"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "noun form",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "pinsa f or m",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
  "lang_code": "nn",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
        "Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms",
        "Norwegian Nynorsk noun forms",
        "Pages with 4 entries"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "pinse"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "definite feminine singular of pinse"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pinse",
          "pinse#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "pinsen"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pinsa"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Proto-Japonic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Japonic lemmas",
    "Proto-Japonic nouns",
    "jpx-pro:Anatomy"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ojp",
            "2": "膝",
            "t": "knee",
            "tr": "piza"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Japanese: 膝 (piza, “knee”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Japanese: 膝 (piza, “knee”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "膝",
            "tr": "hiza"
          },
          "expansion": "Japanese: 膝 (hiza)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Japanese: 膝 (hiza)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
            "2": "*pisa",
            "t": "foot, leg"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Ryukyuan: *pisa (“foot, leg”)\nNorthern Ryukyuan: 피샤 (/⁠pʰi.sja⁠/) (Haytong Ceykwukki, 1501)\nKunigami: 足 (phisā)\nOkinawan: 足 (fisa)\nSouthern Ryukyuan:\nMiyako: 足 (psïsa)\nYaeyama: 足 (psïsa)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Ryukyuan: *pisa (“foot, leg”)\nNorthern Ryukyuan: 피샤 (/⁠pʰi.sja⁠/) (Haytong Ceykwukki, 1501)\nKunigami: 足 (phisā)\nOkinawan: 足 (fisa)\nSouthern Ryukyuan:\nMiyako: 足 (psïsa)\nYaeyama: 足 (psïsa)"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "*pinsa",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Japonic",
  "lang_code": "jpx-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/pinsa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "foot, leg"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "foot",
          "foot"
        ],
        [
          "leg",
          "leg"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "knee"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "knee",
          "knee"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "pinsa"
}

Download raw JSONL data for pinsa meaning in All languages combined (5.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.