"phrenology" meaning in All languages combined

See phrenology on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

Forms: phrenologies [plural]
Rhymes: -ɒlədʒi Etymology: From phreno- + -logy. Etymology templates: {{confix|en|phreno|logy}} phreno- + -logy Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} phrenology (countable and uncountable, plural phrenologies)
  1. (medicine, biology, historical) The science or now discredited pseudo-science, which studies the relationships between a person's character and the morphology (structure) of the skull. Tags: countable, historical, uncountable Categories (topical): Biology, Medicine, Obsolete scientific theories, Pseudoscience Synonyms: cranioscopy Derived forms: phrenologist, phrenological Related terms: cephalomancy, have one's head read, physiognomy Translations (the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology): frenologie (Afrikaans), գանգագուշակություն (gangagušakutʻyun) (Armenian), գանգագիտություն (gangagitutʻyun) (Armenian), frenoloxía (Asturian), frenologia (Basque), френология (frenologija) (Bulgarian), frenologia [feminine] (Catalan), 骨相學 (Chinese Mandarin), 骨相学 (gǔxiàngxué) (Chinese Mandarin), frenologie (Czech), frenologi (Danish), frenologie [feminine] (Dutch), frenoloogia (Estonian), frenologia (Finnish), phrénologie [feminine] (French), frenoloxía [feminine] (Galician), Phrenologie [feminine] (German), कपालविद्या (kapālvidyā) (Hindi), frenológia (Hungarian), höfuðlagsfræði (Icelandic), frenologi (Indonesian), frenologia [feminine] (Italian), 骨相学 (kossōgaku) (alt: こっそうがく) (Japanese), френология (frenologiä) (Kazakh), 골상학 (golsanghak) (Korean), frenologija (Lithuanian), френологи (frenologi) (Mongolian), frenologi (Norwegian), frenologia [feminine] (Polish), frenologia (Portuguese), frenologia (Romanian), френоло́гия (frenológija) [feminine] (Russian), frenológia (Slovak), frenología [feminine] (Spanish), frenologi (Swedish), frenoloji (Turkish), френологія (frenolohija) (Ukrainian), frenologiya (Uzbek), frenolog (Volapük)
    Sense id: en-phrenology-en-noun-Lk-WDtfS Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms prefixed with phreno-, English terms suffixed with -logy, Entries with translation boxes, Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Afrikaans translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Asturian translations, Terms with Basque translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hindi translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Icelandic translations, Terms with Indonesian translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Kazakh translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Mongolian translations, Terms with Norwegian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Uzbek translations, Terms with Volapük translations Topics: biology, medicine, natural-sciences, sciences

Inflected forms

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          "text": "Phrenology involves feeling the bumps in the skull to determine an individual's psychological attributes.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1995 November 19, Richard Appel, “Mother Simpson”, in The Simpsons, Harry Shearer (actor):",
          "text": "MR. BURNS: Who could forget such a monstrous visage? She has the sloping brow and cranial bumpage of the career criminal.\n MR. SMITHERS: Uh, sir, phrenology was dismissed as quackery 160 years ago.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 86:",
          "text": "Phrenology was the practice of correlating bumps on a skull with mental powers and attributes of character.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
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        "The science or now discredited pseudo-science, which studies the relationships between a person's character and the morphology (structure) of the skull."
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          "medicine"
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          "biology"
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          "science"
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          "discredit"
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          "pseudo-science"
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        [
          "character",
          "character"
        ],
        [
          "morphology",
          "morphology"
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        [
          "skull",
          "skull"
        ]
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        "(medicine, biology, historical) The science or now discredited pseudo-science, which studies the relationships between a person's character and the morphology (structure) of the skull."
      ],
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        {
          "word": "have one's head read"
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          "word": "cranioscopy"
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        {
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "frenologie"
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        {
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "gangagušakutʻyun",
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        },
        {
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "gangagitutʻyun",
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          "word": "գանգագիտություն"
        },
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          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "frenoloxía"
        },
        {
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "frenologia"
        },
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "frenologija",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "френология"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "frenologia"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "骨相學"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "gǔxiàngxué",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "骨相学"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "frenologie"
        },
        {
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "frenologi"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "frenologie"
        },
        {
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "frenoloogia"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "frenologia"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "phrénologie"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "frenoloxía"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Phrenologie"
        },
        {
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "kapālvidyā",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "कपालविद्या"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "frenológia"
        },
        {
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "höfuðlagsfræði"
        },
        {
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "frenologi"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "frenologia"
        },
        {
          "alt": "こっそうがく",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "kossōgaku",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "骨相学"
        },
        {
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "frenologiä",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "френология"
        },
        {
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "golsanghak",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "골상학"
        },
        {
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "frenologija"
        },
        {
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "frenologi",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "френологи"
        },
        {
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "frenologi"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "frenologia"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "frenologia"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "frenologia"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "frenológija",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "френоло́гия"
        },
        {
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "frenológia"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
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            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "frenología"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
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          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "frenologi"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
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          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
          "word": "frenoloji"
        },
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          "code": "uk",
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          "roman": "frenolohija",
          "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
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        },
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          "code": "uz",
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          "code": "vo",
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  "sounds": [
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      "rhymes": "-ɒlədʒi"
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  ],
  "word": "phrenology"
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      "word": "cephalomancy"
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      "word": "have one's head read"
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        "Terms with German translations",
        "Terms with Hindi translations",
        "Terms with Hungarian translations",
        "Terms with Icelandic translations",
        "Terms with Indonesian translations",
        "Terms with Italian translations",
        "Terms with Japanese translations",
        "Terms with Kazakh translations",
        "Terms with Korean translations",
        "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
        "Terms with Mandarin translations",
        "Terms with Mongolian translations",
        "Terms with Norwegian translations",
        "Terms with Polish translations",
        "Terms with Portuguese translations",
        "Terms with Romanian translations",
        "Terms with Russian translations",
        "Terms with Slovak translations",
        "Terms with Spanish translations",
        "Terms with Swedish translations",
        "Terms with Turkish translations",
        "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
        "Terms with Uzbek translations",
        "Terms with Volapük translations",
        "en:Biology",
        "en:Medicine",
        "en:Obsolete scientific theories",
        "en:Pseudoscience"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Phrenology involves feeling the bumps in the skull to determine an individual's psychological attributes.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1995 November 19, Richard Appel, “Mother Simpson”, in The Simpsons, Harry Shearer (actor):",
          "text": "MR. BURNS: Who could forget such a monstrous visage? She has the sloping brow and cranial bumpage of the career criminal.\n MR. SMITHERS: Uh, sir, phrenology was dismissed as quackery 160 years ago.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 86:",
          "text": "Phrenology was the practice of correlating bumps on a skull with mental powers and attributes of character.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The science or now discredited pseudo-science, which studies the relationships between a person's character and the morphology (structure) of the skull."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "biology",
          "biology"
        ],
        [
          "science",
          "science"
        ],
        [
          "discredit",
          "discredit"
        ],
        [
          "pseudo-science",
          "pseudo-science"
        ],
        [
          "character",
          "character"
        ],
        [
          "morphology",
          "morphology"
        ],
        [
          "skull",
          "skull"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(medicine, biology, historical) The science or now discredited pseudo-science, which studies the relationships between a person's character and the morphology (structure) of the skull."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "historical",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "medicine",
        "natural-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɒlədʒi"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "cranioscopy"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "gangagušakutʻyun",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "գանգագուշակություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "gangagitutʻyun",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "գանգագիտություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenoloxía"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "frenologija",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "френология"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "frenologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "骨相學"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "gǔxiàngxué",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "骨相学"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "frenologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenoloogia"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "phrénologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "frenoloxía"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Phrenologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "kapālvidyā",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "कपालविद्या"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenológia"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "höfuðlagsfræði"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "frenologia"
    },
    {
      "alt": "こっそうがく",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "kossōgaku",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "骨相学"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "frenologiä",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "френология"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "golsanghak",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "골상학"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenologija"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "frenologi",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "френологи"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "frenologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenologia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "frenológija",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "френоло́гия"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenológia"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "frenología"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenologi"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenoloji"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "frenolohija",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "френологія"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenologiya"
    },
    {
      "code": "vo",
      "lang": "Volapük",
      "sense": "the science or discredited pseudo-science of phrenology",
      "word": "frenolog"
    }
  ],
  "word": "phrenology"
}

Download raw JSONL data for phrenology meaning in All languages combined (9.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.