"pericarp" meaning in All languages combined

See pericarp on Wiktionary

Noun [Dutch]

IPA: /ˌpeː.riˈkɑrp/, [ˌpɪː.riˈkɑrp]
Rhymes: -ɑrp Etymology: Ultimately from Latin pericarpium, from Ancient Greek περικάρπιον (perikárpion). Etymology templates: {{der|nl|la|pericarpium}} Latin pericarpium, {{der|nl|grc|περικάρπιον}} Ancient Greek περικάρπιον (perikárpion) Head templates: {{nl-noun|n|-|-}} pericarp n (uncountable)
  1. pericarp Tags: neuter, uncountable
    Sense id: en-pericarp-nl-noun-wrVr~S2~ Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈpɛɹɪˌkɑːp/ [UK], /ˈpɛɹɪˌkɑɹp/ [General-American] Forms: pericarps [plural]
Etymology: From French péricarpe, from New Latin pericarpium, from Ancient Greek περικάρπιον (perikárpion, “pod, husk, shell”), from περι- (peri-, “around”) + καρπός (karpós, “fruit”). By surface analysis, peri- + -carp. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|fr|péricarpe}} French péricarpe, {{der|en|NL.|pericarpium}} New Latin pericarpium, {{der|en|grc|περικάρπιον||pod, husk, shell}} Ancient Greek περικάρπιον (perikárpion, “pod, husk, shell”), {{m|grc|περι-||around}} περι- (peri-, “around”), {{m|grc|καρπός||fruit}} καρπός (karpós, “fruit”), {{surf|en|peri-|-carp}} By surface analysis, peri- + -carp Head templates: {{en-noun}} pericarp (plural pericarps)
  1. (botany) The outermost layer, or skin, of a ripe fruit or ovary. Categories (topical): Botany Translations (outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary): περικάρπιον (perikárpion) [neuter] (Ancient Greek), околопло́дник (okoloplódnik) [masculine] (Bulgarian), pericarpi [masculine] (Catalan), 果皮 (guǒpí) (Chinese Mandarin), oplodí [neuter] (Czech), pericarp [neuter] (Dutch), perikarppi (Finnish), hedelmän seinä (Finnish), péricarpe [masculine] (French), Perikarp [neuter] (German), περικάρπιο (perikárpio) [neuter] (Greek), perikarpo (Ido), pericarpo [masculine] (Italian), 果皮 (kahi) (alt: かひ) (Japanese), 과피 (gwapi) (alt: 果皮) (Korean), околуплодник (okoluplodnik) [masculine] (Macedonian), перикарп (perikarp) [masculine] (Macedonian), ym-charp [masculine] (Manx), owocnia [feminine] (Polish), perykarp [masculine] (Polish), pericarpo [masculine] (Portuguese), pericarp [neuter] (Romanian), околопло́дник (okoloplódnik) [masculine] (Russian), перика́рпий (perikárpij) [masculine] (Russian), pericarpio [masculine] (Spanish), perikarp (Swedish), fruktvägg (Swedish), balok (Tagalog), vỏ quả (Vietnamese), pericarp [masculine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-pericarp-en-noun-cV1J8iHG Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms prefixed with peri-, English terms suffixed with -carp Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 74 26 Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with peri-: 82 18 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -carp: 87 13 Topics: biology, botany, natural-sciences Disambiguation of 'outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary': 81 19
  2. (rare, figurative) The outer layer of anything. Tags: figuratively, rare
    Sense id: en-pericarp-en-noun-NPQlgLgh
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: endocarp, exocarp, mesocarp

Noun [Romanian]

Etymology: Borrowed from French péricarpe. Etymology templates: {{glossary|loanword|Borrowed}} Borrowed, {{bor|ro|fr|péricarpe|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} French péricarpe, {{bor+|ro|fr|péricarpe}} Borrowed from French péricarpe Head templates: {{ro-noun|n|pericarpe}} pericarp n (plural pericarpe) Inflection templates: {{ro-decl-noun|g=n|gpd=pericarpelor|gpi=pericarpe|gsd=pericarpului|gsi=pericarp|n=|npd=pericarpele|npi=pericarpe|nsd=pericarpul|nsi=pericarp|vp=pericarpelor|vs=pericarpule}} Forms: pericarpe [plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], pericarp [accusative, indefinite, nominative, singular], un pericarp [accusative, indefinite, nominative, singular], pericarpul [accusative, definite, nominative, singular], pericarpe [accusative, indefinite, nominative, plural], niște pericarpe [accusative, indefinite, nominative, plural], pericarpele [accusative, definite, nominative, plural], pericarp [dative, genitive, indefinite, singular], unui pericarp [dative, genitive, indefinite, singular], pericarpului [dative, definite, genitive, singular], pericarpe [dative, genitive, indefinite, plural], unor pericarpe [dative, genitive, indefinite, plural], pericarpelor [dative, definite, genitive, plural], pericarpule [singular, vocative], pericarpelor [plural, vocative]
  1. pericarp Tags: neuter
    Sense id: en-pericarp-ro-noun-wrVr~S2~ Categories (other): Romanian entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for pericarp meaning in All languages combined (13.0kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "péricarpe"
      },
      "expansion": "French péricarpe",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "NL.",
        "3": "pericarpium"
      },
      "expansion": "New Latin pericarpium",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "περικάρπιον",
        "4": "",
        "5": "pod, husk, shell"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek περικάρπιον (perikárpion, “pod, husk, shell”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "περι-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "around"
      },
      "expansion": "περι- (peri-, “around”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "καρπός",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fruit"
      },
      "expansion": "καρπός (karpós, “fruit”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "peri-",
        "3": "-carp"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, peri- + -carp",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From French péricarpe, from New Latin pericarpium, from Ancient Greek περικάρπιον (perikárpion, “pod, husk, shell”), from περι- (peri-, “around”) + καρπός (karpós, “fruit”). By surface analysis, peri- + -carp.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pericarps",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pericarp (plural pericarps)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pe‧ri‧carp"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "endocarp"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "exocarp"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "mesocarp"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Botany",
          "orig": "en:Botany",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "74 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "82 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms prefixed with peri-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "87 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -carp",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1880, The Farmer's Magazine, page 208",
          "text": "When, as in the cherry, the different layers of the pericarp are well-defined and largely developed, they received distinctive names ; the outer skin is the epicarp (epi, upon, carpon, a fruit), the middle fleshy part is the mesocarp (mesos, middle) ; and the innermost hard shell is the endocarp (endos, within) ; in other words the pericarp is made up of epicarp, mesocarp, and endocarp. […] In all normal fruits these three layers of the pericarp are present […].",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1928, Journal of Agricultural Research, page 582",
          "text": "The pericarp of sorghums of the factorial titution BBSSrr, BBSsrr, BbsSrr, and BbSsrr may possess some t degree of coloration even though the pericarp color factor R is nt.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1992 August 20, Jim C. Forbes, James C. Forbes, Drennan Watson, Plants in Agriculture, Cambridge University Press, page 180",
          "text": "Many fruits show differentiation of the pericarp into layers – the plum, for example, has a thin outer pericarp forming the skin, a succulent middle pericarp forming the flesh and a stony inner pericarp surrounding the single seed.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2009, Stanley P. Cauvain, Linda S. Young, The ICC Handbook of Cereals, Flour, Dough & Product Testing: Methods and Applications, DEStech Publications, Inc, page 207",
          "text": "One important difference is the pericarp of sorghum is more bran-like and contains starch granules in the cells. However, as with maize, the sorghum pericarp is often referred to as a “hull” and is generally removed during processing.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The outermost layer, or skin, of a ripe fruit or ovary."
      ],
      "id": "en-pericarp-en-noun-cV1J8iHG",
      "links": [
        [
          "botany",
          "botany"
        ],
        [
          "skin",
          "skin"
        ],
        [
          "fruit",
          "fruit"
        ],
        [
          "ovary",
          "ovary"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(botany) The outermost layer, or skin, of a ripe fruit or ovary."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "botany",
        "natural-sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "okoloplódnik",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "околопло́дник"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pericarpi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "guǒpí",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "word": "果皮"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "oplodí"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "pericarp"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "word": "perikarppi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "word": "hedelmän seinä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "péricarpe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Perikarp"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "perikárpio",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "περικάρπιο"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "perikárpion",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "περικάρπιον"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "word": "perikarpo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pericarpo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "alt": "かひ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "kahi",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "word": "果皮"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "alt": "果皮",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "gwapi",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "word": "과피"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "okoluplodnik",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "околуплодник"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "perikarp",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "перикарп"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "gv",
          "lang": "Manx",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ym-charp"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "owocnia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "perykarp"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pericarpo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "pericarp"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "okoloplódnik",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "околопло́дник"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "perikárpij",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "перика́рпий"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pericarpio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "word": "perikarp"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "word": "fruktvägg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "word": "balok"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "word": "vỏ quả"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pericarp"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1974, Guy Davenport, Tatlin!",
          "text": "He learned, afternoon after afternoon, how to edge her into delicious frenzies, how to tremble the clitoris, pericarp, and tip.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The outer layer of anything."
      ],
      "id": "en-pericarp-en-noun-NPQlgLgh",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare, figurative) The outer layer of anything."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛɹɪˌkɑːp/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛɹɪˌkɑɹp/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "pericarp"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pericarpium"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pericarpium",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "περικάρπιον"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek περικάρπιον (perikárpion)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Ultimately from Latin pericarpium, from Ancient Greek περικάρπιον (perikárpion).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "-",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "pericarp n (uncountable)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pe‧ri‧carp"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pericarp"
      ],
      "id": "en-pericarp-nl-noun-wrVr~S2~",
      "links": [
        [
          "pericarp",
          "pericarp#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌpeː.riˈkɑrp/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˌpɪː.riˈkɑrp]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑrp"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pericarp"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "péricarpe",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "French péricarpe",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "péricarpe"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from French péricarpe",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French péricarpe.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pericarpe",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-noun-n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarp",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "un pericarp",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarpul",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarpe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niște pericarpe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarpele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarp",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unui pericarp",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarpului",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarpe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unor pericarpe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarpelor",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarpule",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarpelor",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "pericarpe"
      },
      "expansion": "pericarp n (plural pericarpe)",
      "name": "ro-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "n",
        "gpd": "pericarpelor",
        "gpi": "pericarpe",
        "gsd": "pericarpului",
        "gsi": "pericarp",
        "n": "",
        "npd": "pericarpele",
        "npi": "pericarpe",
        "nsd": "pericarpul",
        "nsi": "pericarp",
        "vp": "pericarpelor",
        "vs": "pericarpule"
      },
      "name": "ro-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pericarp"
      ],
      "id": "en-pericarp-ro-noun-wrVr~S2~",
      "links": [
        [
          "pericarp",
          "pericarp#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "pericarp"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pericarpium"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pericarpium",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "περικάρπιον"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek περικάρπιον (perikárpion)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Ultimately from Latin pericarpium, from Ancient Greek περικάρπιον (perikárpion).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "-",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "pericarp n (uncountable)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pe‧ri‧carp"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
        "Dutch lemmas",
        "Dutch neuter nouns",
        "Dutch nouns",
        "Dutch terms derived from Ancient Greek",
        "Dutch terms derived from Latin",
        "Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Dutch uncountable nouns",
        "Rhymes:Dutch/ɑrp"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pericarp"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pericarp",
          "pericarp#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌpeː.riˈkɑrp/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˌpɪː.riˈkɑrp]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑrp"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pericarp"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 3-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from French",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from French",
    "English terms derived from New Latin",
    "English terms prefixed with peri-",
    "English terms suffixed with -carp",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "péricarpe"
      },
      "expansion": "French péricarpe",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "NL.",
        "3": "pericarpium"
      },
      "expansion": "New Latin pericarpium",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "περικάρπιον",
        "4": "",
        "5": "pod, husk, shell"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek περικάρπιον (perikárpion, “pod, husk, shell”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "περι-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "around"
      },
      "expansion": "περι- (peri-, “around”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "καρπός",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fruit"
      },
      "expansion": "καρπός (karpós, “fruit”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "peri-",
        "3": "-carp"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, peri- + -carp",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From French péricarpe, from New Latin pericarpium, from Ancient Greek περικάρπιον (perikárpion, “pod, husk, shell”), from περι- (peri-, “around”) + καρπός (karpós, “fruit”). By surface analysis, peri- + -carp.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pericarps",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pericarp (plural pericarps)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pe‧ri‧carp"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "endocarp"
    },
    {
      "word": "exocarp"
    },
    {
      "word": "mesocarp"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Botany"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1880, The Farmer's Magazine, page 208",
          "text": "When, as in the cherry, the different layers of the pericarp are well-defined and largely developed, they received distinctive names ; the outer skin is the epicarp (epi, upon, carpon, a fruit), the middle fleshy part is the mesocarp (mesos, middle) ; and the innermost hard shell is the endocarp (endos, within) ; in other words the pericarp is made up of epicarp, mesocarp, and endocarp. […] In all normal fruits these three layers of the pericarp are present […].",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1928, Journal of Agricultural Research, page 582",
          "text": "The pericarp of sorghums of the factorial titution BBSSrr, BBSsrr, BbsSrr, and BbSsrr may possess some t degree of coloration even though the pericarp color factor R is nt.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1992 August 20, Jim C. Forbes, James C. Forbes, Drennan Watson, Plants in Agriculture, Cambridge University Press, page 180",
          "text": "Many fruits show differentiation of the pericarp into layers – the plum, for example, has a thin outer pericarp forming the skin, a succulent middle pericarp forming the flesh and a stony inner pericarp surrounding the single seed.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2009, Stanley P. Cauvain, Linda S. Young, The ICC Handbook of Cereals, Flour, Dough & Product Testing: Methods and Applications, DEStech Publications, Inc, page 207",
          "text": "One important difference is the pericarp of sorghum is more bran-like and contains starch granules in the cells. However, as with maize, the sorghum pericarp is often referred to as a “hull” and is generally removed during processing.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The outermost layer, or skin, of a ripe fruit or ovary."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "botany",
          "botany"
        ],
        [
          "skin",
          "skin"
        ],
        [
          "fruit",
          "fruit"
        ],
        [
          "ovary",
          "ovary"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(botany) The outermost layer, or skin, of a ripe fruit or ovary."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "botany",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with rare senses",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1974, Guy Davenport, Tatlin!",
          "text": "He learned, afternoon after afternoon, how to edge her into delicious frenzies, how to tremble the clitoris, pericarp, and tip.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The outer layer of anything."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare, figurative) The outer layer of anything."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛɹɪˌkɑːp/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛɹɪˌkɑɹp/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "okoloplódnik",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "околопло́дник"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pericarpi"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "guǒpí",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "word": "果皮"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "oplodí"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "pericarp"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "word": "perikarppi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "word": "hedelmän seinä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "péricarpe"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Perikarp"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "perikárpio",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "περικάρπιο"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "perikárpion",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "περικάρπιον"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "word": "perikarpo"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pericarpo"
    },
    {
      "alt": "かひ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "kahi",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "word": "果皮"
    },
    {
      "alt": "果皮",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "gwapi",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "word": "과피"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "okoluplodnik",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "околуплодник"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "perikarp",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "перикарп"
    },
    {
      "code": "gv",
      "lang": "Manx",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ym-charp"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "owocnia"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "perykarp"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pericarpo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "pericarp"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "okoloplódnik",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "околопло́дник"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "perikárpij",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "перика́рпий"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pericarpio"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "word": "perikarp"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "word": "fruktvägg"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "word": "balok"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "word": "vỏ quả"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pericarp"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pericarp"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "péricarpe",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "French péricarpe",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "péricarpe"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from French péricarpe",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French péricarpe.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pericarpe",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-noun-n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarp",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "un pericarp",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarpul",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarpe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niște pericarpe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarpele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarp",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unui pericarp",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarpului",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarpe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unor pericarpe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarpelor",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarpule",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pericarpelor",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "pericarpe"
      },
      "expansion": "pericarp n (plural pericarpe)",
      "name": "ro-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "n",
        "gpd": "pericarpelor",
        "gpi": "pericarpe",
        "gsd": "pericarpului",
        "gsi": "pericarp",
        "n": "",
        "npd": "pericarpele",
        "npi": "pericarpe",
        "nsd": "pericarpul",
        "nsi": "pericarp",
        "vp": "pericarpelor",
        "vs": "pericarpule"
      },
      "name": "ro-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Romanian countable nouns",
        "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Romanian lemmas",
        "Romanian neuter nouns",
        "Romanian nouns",
        "Romanian nouns with red links in their headword lines",
        "Romanian terms borrowed from French",
        "Romanian terms derived from French"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pericarp"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pericarp",
          "pericarp#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "pericarp"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.