"nawab" meaning in All languages combined

See nawab on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /nəˈwɑːb/, /nəˈwɔːb/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-nawab.wav [Southern-England], LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-nawab2.wav [Southern-England] Forms: nawabs [plural]
Rhymes: -ɑːb, -ɔːb Etymology: From Hindi नवाब (navāb)/Urdu نواب (navāb), from Persian نوّاب (navvâb), ultimately from Arabic نُوَّاب (nuwwāb), plural of نَائِب (nāʔib, “naib”). Etymology templates: {{der|en|hi|नवाब}} Hindi नवाब (navāb), {{der|en|ur|نواب|tr=navāb}} Urdu نواب (navāb), {{der|en|fa|نوّاب|tr=navvâb}} Persian نوّاب (navvâb), {{der|en|ar|نُوَّاب}} Arabic نُوَّاب (nuwwāb), {{m|ar|نَائِب||naib}} نَائِب (nāʔib, “naib”), {{root|en|ar|ن و ب}} Head templates: {{en-noun}} nawab (plural nawabs)
  1. (historical) A Muslim official in South Asia acting as a provincial deputy ruler under the Mughal empire; a local governor. Tags: historical Categories (topical): Monarchy Categories (place): India, Pakistan Categories (lifeform): Nymphalid butterflies
    Sense id: en-nawab-en-noun-TPEycYbr Disambiguation of Monarchy: 85 15 Disambiguation of India: 92 8 Disambiguation of Pakistan: 98 2 Disambiguation of Nymphalid butterflies: 51 49 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 75 25 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 67 33
  2. Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the genus Polyura (possibly a subgenus of genus Charaxes). Categories (lifeform): Nymphalid butterflies
    Sense id: en-nawab-en-noun-q2ucNceN Disambiguation of Nymphalid butterflies: 51 49
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: nabob, naib Translations (title): نواب (nuwwāb) [masculine] (Arabic), নওয়াব (noōẇab) (Bengali), নবাব (nobab) (Bengali), नवाब (navāb) [masculine] (Hindi), navab (Hungarian), नवाब (navāb) [masculine] (Marathi), نواب (Persian), nababo [masculine] (Portuguese), набо́б (nabób) [masculine] (Russian), నవాబు (navābu) (Telugu), نواب (navāb) [masculine] (Urdu)
Derived forms: anomalous nawab (alt: syn. Polyura schreiber) (taxonomic: Charaxes agrarius), blue nawab (alt: syn. Polyura schreiber) (taxonomic: Charaxes schreiber), China nawab (alt: syn. Polyura narcaeus) (taxonomic: Charaxes narcaeus), common nawab (alt: syn. Polyura athamas) (taxonomic: Charaxes athamas), great nawab (alt: syn. Polyura eudamippus) (taxonomic: Charaxes eudamippus), jewelled nawab (alt: syn. Polyura delphis) (taxonomic: Charaxes delphis), pallid nawab (alt: syn. Polyura aria) (taxonomic: Charaxes aria), plain nawab (alt: syn. Polyura hebe) (taxonomic: Charaxes hebe), stately nawab (alt: syn. Polyura dolon) (taxonomic: Charaxes dolon), Staudinger's nawab (alt: syn. Polyura alphius) (taxonomic: Charaxes alphius), Sulawesi blue nawab (alt: syn. Polyura cognatus) (taxonomic: Charaxes cognatus), tailed nawab (alt: syn. Polyura pyrrhus) (taxonomic: Charaxes pyrrhus) Disambiguation of 'title': 0 0

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for nawab meaning in All languages combined (7.3kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "syn. Polyura schreiber",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes agrarius",
      "word": "anomalous nawab"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "syn. Polyura schreiber",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes schreiber",
      "word": "blue nawab"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "syn. Polyura narcaeus",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes narcaeus",
      "word": "China nawab"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "syn. Polyura athamas",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes athamas",
      "word": "common nawab"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "syn. Polyura eudamippus",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes eudamippus",
      "word": "great nawab"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "syn. Polyura delphis",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes delphis",
      "word": "jewelled nawab"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "syn. Polyura aria",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes aria",
      "word": "pallid nawab"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "syn. Polyura hebe",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes hebe",
      "word": "plain nawab"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "syn. Polyura dolon",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes dolon",
      "word": "stately nawab"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "syn. Polyura alphius",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes alphius",
      "word": "Staudinger's nawab"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "syn. Polyura cognatus",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes cognatus",
      "word": "Sulawesi blue nawab"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "syn. Polyura pyrrhus",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes pyrrhus",
      "word": "tailed nawab"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "hi",
        "3": "नवाब"
      },
      "expansion": "Hindi नवाब (navāb)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ur",
        "3": "نواب",
        "tr": "navāb"
      },
      "expansion": "Urdu نواب (navāb)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fa",
        "3": "نوّاب",
        "tr": "navvâb"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian نوّاب (navvâb)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "نُوَّاب"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic نُوَّاب (nuwwāb)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "نَائِب",
        "3": "",
        "4": "naib"
      },
      "expansion": "نَائِب (nāʔib, “naib”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "ن و ب"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Hindi नवाब (navāb)/Urdu نواب (navāb), from Persian نوّاب (navvâb), ultimately from Arabic نُوَّاب (nuwwāb), plural of نَائِب (nāʔib, “naib”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "nawabs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "nawab (plural nawabs)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "na‧wab"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "nabob"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "naib"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "75 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "67 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "92 8",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "India",
          "orig": "en:India",
          "parents": [
            "Asia",
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "98 2",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Pakistan",
          "orig": "en:Pakistan",
          "parents": [
            "Asia",
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "85 15",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Monarchy",
          "orig": "en:Monarchy",
          "parents": [
            "Forms of government",
            "High society",
            "Government",
            "Society",
            "Politics",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Nymphalid butterflies",
          "orig": "en:Nymphalid butterflies",
          "parents": [
            "Butterflies",
            "Insects",
            "Arthropods",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2015, Eugene Rogan, The Fall of the Ottomans, Penguin, published 2016, page 71",
          "text": "The nawabs of Bhopal, Ranput, Murshidabad, and Dhaka, along with the nizam of Hyderabad, all affirmed that the sultan has misled Muslims with his “erroneous” call to jihad and insisted that Indian Muslims had a duty to support Great Britain.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A Muslim official in South Asia acting as a provincial deputy ruler under the Mughal empire; a local governor."
      ],
      "id": "en-nawab-en-noun-TPEycYbr",
      "links": [
        [
          "Mughal",
          "Mughal"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) A Muslim official in South Asia acting as a provincial deputy ruler under the Mughal empire; a local governor."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Nymphalid butterflies",
          "orig": "en:Nymphalid butterflies",
          "parents": [
            "Butterflies",
            "Insects",
            "Arthropods",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the genus Polyura (possibly a subgenus of genus Charaxes)."
      ],
      "id": "en-nawab-en-noun-q2ucNceN",
      "links": [
        [
          "nymphalid",
          "nymphalid"
        ],
        [
          "genus",
          "genus"
        ],
        [
          "Polyura",
          "Polyura#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "subgenus",
          "subgenus"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/nəˈwɑːb/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nəˈwɔːb/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑːb"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːb"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-nawab.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/aa/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nawab.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nawab.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/aa/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nawab.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nawab.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-nawab2.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nawab2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nawab2.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nawab2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nawab2.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "nuwwāb",
      "sense": "title",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "نواب"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "noōẇab",
      "sense": "title",
      "word": "নওয়াব"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "nobab",
      "sense": "title",
      "word": "নবাব"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "navāb",
      "sense": "title",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "नवाब"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "title",
      "word": "navab"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "code": "mr",
      "lang": "Marathi",
      "roman": "navāb",
      "sense": "title",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "नवाब"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "sense": "title",
      "word": "نواب"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "title",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "nababo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "nabób",
      "sense": "title",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "набо́б"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "navābu",
      "sense": "title",
      "word": "నవాబు"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "navāb",
      "sense": "title",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "نواب"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "nawab"
  ],
  "word": "nawab"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Arabic",
    "English terms derived from Hindi",
    "English terms derived from Persian",
    "English terms derived from Urdu",
    "English terms derived from the Arabic root ن و ب",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑːb",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔːb",
    "en:India",
    "en:Monarchy",
    "en:Nymphalid butterflies",
    "en:Pakistan"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "alt": "syn. Polyura schreiber",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes agrarius",
      "word": "anomalous nawab"
    },
    {
      "alt": "syn. Polyura schreiber",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes schreiber",
      "word": "blue nawab"
    },
    {
      "alt": "syn. Polyura narcaeus",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes narcaeus",
      "word": "China nawab"
    },
    {
      "alt": "syn. Polyura athamas",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes athamas",
      "word": "common nawab"
    },
    {
      "alt": "syn. Polyura eudamippus",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes eudamippus",
      "word": "great nawab"
    },
    {
      "alt": "syn. Polyura delphis",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes delphis",
      "word": "jewelled nawab"
    },
    {
      "alt": "syn. Polyura aria",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes aria",
      "word": "pallid nawab"
    },
    {
      "alt": "syn. Polyura hebe",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes hebe",
      "word": "plain nawab"
    },
    {
      "alt": "syn. Polyura dolon",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes dolon",
      "word": "stately nawab"
    },
    {
      "alt": "syn. Polyura alphius",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes alphius",
      "word": "Staudinger's nawab"
    },
    {
      "alt": "syn. Polyura cognatus",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes cognatus",
      "word": "Sulawesi blue nawab"
    },
    {
      "alt": "syn. Polyura pyrrhus",
      "taxonomic": "Charaxes pyrrhus",
      "word": "tailed nawab"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "hi",
        "3": "नवाब"
      },
      "expansion": "Hindi नवाब (navāb)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ur",
        "3": "نواب",
        "tr": "navāb"
      },
      "expansion": "Urdu نواب (navāb)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fa",
        "3": "نوّاب",
        "tr": "navvâb"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian نوّاب (navvâb)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "نُوَّاب"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic نُوَّاب (nuwwāb)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "نَائِب",
        "3": "",
        "4": "naib"
      },
      "expansion": "نَائِب (nāʔib, “naib”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "ن و ب"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Hindi नवाब (navāb)/Urdu نواب (navāb), from Persian نوّاب (navvâb), ultimately from Arabic نُوَّاب (nuwwāb), plural of نَائِب (nāʔib, “naib”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "nawabs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "nawab (plural nawabs)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "na‧wab"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "nabob"
    },
    {
      "word": "naib"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with historical senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2015, Eugene Rogan, The Fall of the Ottomans, Penguin, published 2016, page 71",
          "text": "The nawabs of Bhopal, Ranput, Murshidabad, and Dhaka, along with the nizam of Hyderabad, all affirmed that the sultan has misled Muslims with his “erroneous” call to jihad and insisted that Indian Muslims had a duty to support Great Britain.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A Muslim official in South Asia acting as a provincial deputy ruler under the Mughal empire; a local governor."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Mughal",
          "Mughal"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) A Muslim official in South Asia acting as a provincial deputy ruler under the Mughal empire; a local governor."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the genus Polyura (possibly a subgenus of genus Charaxes)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "nymphalid",
          "nymphalid"
        ],
        [
          "genus",
          "genus"
        ],
        [
          "Polyura",
          "Polyura#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "subgenus",
          "subgenus"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/nəˈwɑːb/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nəˈwɔːb/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑːb"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːb"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-nawab.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/aa/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nawab.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nawab.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/aa/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nawab.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nawab.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-nawab2.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nawab2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nawab2.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nawab2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nawab2.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "nuwwāb",
      "sense": "title",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "نواب"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "noōẇab",
      "sense": "title",
      "word": "নওয়াব"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "nobab",
      "sense": "title",
      "word": "নবাব"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "navāb",
      "sense": "title",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "नवाब"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "title",
      "word": "navab"
    },
    {
      "code": "mr",
      "lang": "Marathi",
      "roman": "navāb",
      "sense": "title",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "नवाब"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "sense": "title",
      "word": "نواب"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "title",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "nababo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "nabób",
      "sense": "title",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "набо́б"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "navābu",
      "sense": "title",
      "word": "నవాబు"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "navāb",
      "sense": "title",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "نواب"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "nawab"
  ],
  "word": "nawab"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.