See nard on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for nard meaning in All languages combined (17.5kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "spikenard"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "narde"
},
"expansion": "Middle English narde",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "narde"
},
"expansion": "Old French narde",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "nardus"
},
"expansion": "Latin nardus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "νάρδος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek νάρδος (nárdos)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "phn"
},
"expansion": "Phoenician [Term?]",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "नलद",
"t": "Indian narde",
"tr": "nálada"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit नलद (nálada, “Indian narde”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nardus"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of nardus",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English narde, from Old French narde, Latin nardus, from Ancient Greek νάρδος (nárdos), from Phoenician [Term?], Sanskrit नलद (nálada, “Indian narde”). Doublet of nardus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "nard (countable and uncountable, plural nards)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 17 32 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 15 39 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 16 31 23",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Honeysuckle family plants",
"orig": "en:Honeysuckle family plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 4 38 18",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Perfumes",
"orig": "en:Perfumes",
"parents": [
"Fashion",
"Clothing",
"Culture",
"Human",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A flowering plant of species Nardostachys jatamansi, in the valerian family, that grows in the Himalayas and is used as a perfume, an incense, a sedative, and an herbal medicine."
],
"id": "en-nard-en-noun-tao-54YI",
"links": [
[
"Nardostachys jatamansi",
"Nardostachys jatamansi#Translingual"
],
[
"valerian",
"valerian"
],
[
"Himalayas",
"Himalayas"
],
[
"incense",
"incense"
],
[
"sedative",
"sedative"
],
[
"herbal",
"herbal"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "76 3 21",
"sense": "Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "nardin"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 3 21",
"sense": "Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "muskroot"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 17 32 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 15 39 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 16 31 23",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Honeysuckle family plants",
"orig": "en:Honeysuckle family plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fragrant oil from the plant, formerly much prized."
],
"id": "en-nard-en-noun-CMycmj1q",
"links": [
[
"oil",
"oil"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 17 32 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 15 39 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 16 31 23",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Honeysuckle family plants",
"orig": "en:Honeysuckle family plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 4 38 18",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Perfumes",
"orig": "en:Perfumes",
"parents": [
"Fashion",
"Clothing",
"Culture",
"Human",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"American spikenard (Aralia racemosa), a North American perennial herb with an aromatic root."
],
"id": "en-nard-en-noun-MwA99SYk",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nɑɹd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/nɑːd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)d"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-nard.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/En-au-nard.ogg/En-au-nard.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/En-au-nard.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "nardus"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nard (plant)",
"spikenard"
],
"word": "nard"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nuts",
"3": "",
"4": "testicles"
},
"expansion": "nuts (“testicles”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nads",
"3": "",
"4": "gonads"
},
"expansion": "nads (“gonads”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Alteration of nuts (“testicles”) or nads (“gonads”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nard (plural nards)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "39 17 32 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 15 39 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
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"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 16 31 23",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Honeysuckle family plants",
"orig": "en:Honeysuckle family plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 4 38 18",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Perfumes",
"orig": "en:Perfumes",
"parents": [
"Fashion",
"Clothing",
"Culture",
"Human",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The soccer ball hit me right in the nards!"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Max Brooks, World War Z",
"text": "I’m sure whoever was in charge must have been one of the last of the Fulda Fucktards, you know, those generals who spent their nard-drop years training to defend West Germany from Ivan.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A testicle."
],
"id": "en-nard-en-noun-S3EQAU68",
"links": [
[
"testicle",
"testicle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, 1980s, slang, usually in the plural) A testicle."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "testicles",
"word": "ball"
},
{
"sense": "testicles",
"word": "nut"
}
],
"tags": [
"US",
"plural-normally",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nɑɹd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/nɑːd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)d"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-nard.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/En-au-nard.ogg/En-au-nard.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/En-au-nard.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nard (plant)",
"spikenard"
],
"word": "nard"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "nardus",
"4": "",
"5": "spikenard",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin nardus (“spikenard”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "nardus",
"4": "",
"5": "spikenard"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin nardus (“spikenard”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin nardus (“spikenard”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "nard m (plural nards)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ca",
"name": "Asparagus family plants",
"orig": "ca:Asparagus family plants",
"parents": [
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Succulents",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tuberose (Agave amica)"
],
"id": "en-nard-ca-noun-UGYY3iO3",
"links": [
[
"tuberose",
"tuberose"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈnart]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈnaɾt]",
"tags": [
"Valencian"
]
}
],
"word": "nard"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "nardus"
},
"expansion": "Latin nardus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin nardus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "nard m (plural nards)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Grasses",
"orig": "fr:Grasses",
"parents": [
"Commelinids",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "nard celtique"
},
{
"word": "nard de Crète"
},
{
"word": "nard de montagne"
},
{
"word": "nard indien"
},
{
"word": "nard indique"
},
{
"word": "nard raide"
},
{
"word": "nard sauvage"
}
],
"glosses": [
"matgrass (Nardus)"
],
"id": "en-nard-fr-noun-ERfjhFgl",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"matgrass",
"matgrass"
],
[
"Nardus",
"Nardus#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) matgrass (Nardus)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-nard.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-nard.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-nard.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-nard.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-nard.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "nard"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "nard",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "narde"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of narde"
],
"id": "en-nard-enm-noun-0n3XFXyw",
"links": [
[
"narde",
"narde#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "nard"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "el",
"3": "νάρδος",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Greek νάρδος (nárdos)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "el",
"3": "νάρδος"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Greek νάρδος (nárdos)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Greek νάρδος (nárdos).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nard",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "un nard",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nardul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nard",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unui nard",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nardului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nardule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "nard m (uncountable)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"gpd": "nardilor",
"gpi": "nardi",
"gsd": "nardului",
"gsi": "nard",
"n": "sg",
"npd": "nardii",
"npi": "nardi",
"nsd": "nardul",
"nsi": "nard",
"vp": "nardilor",
"vs": "nardule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun-single"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nard (Nardostachys jatamansi)"
],
"id": "en-nard-ro-noun-juvfkQPZ",
"links": [
[
"nard",
"nard#English"
],
[
"Nardostachys jatamansi",
"Nardostachys jatamansi#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "nard"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "grc",
"3": "νάρδος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek νάρδος (nárdos)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "phn",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Phoenician",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sa",
"3": "नलद",
"4": "",
"5": "Indian narde",
"tr": "nálada"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit नलद (nálada, “Indian narde”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek νάρδος (nárdos), from Phoenician, from Sanskrit नलद (nálada, “Indian narde”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nȁrd",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "на̏рд",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "nȁrd"
},
"expansion": "nȁrd m (Cyrillic spelling на̏рд)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
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[
"nard",
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[
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[
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"plant"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"word": "nard raide"
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{
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],
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],
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"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nârd/"
}
],
"word": "nard"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "nards",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vo-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nard",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nards",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "narda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nardas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "narde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nardes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nardi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nardis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "o nard!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "o nards!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "nardu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nardus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "nominative plural",
"4": "nards",
"f1accel-form": "nom|p",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "nard (nominative plural nards)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nard (nominative plural nards)",
"name": "vo-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "vo-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"Volapük entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Volapük lemmas",
"Volapük nouns",
"vo:Flowers"
],
"glosses": [
"valerian"
],
"links": [
[
"valerian",
"valerian"
]
]
}
],
"word": "nard"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: US, 1980s, slang, usually in the plural",
"path": [
"nard"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "nard",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: US, 1980s, slang, usually in the plural",
"path": [
"nard"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "nard",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Romanian]; cleaned text: m gender",
"path": [
"nard"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "nard",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.