"nīwalaz" meaning in All languages combined

See nīwalaz on Wiktionary

Adjective [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /ˈniː.wɑ.lɑz/
Etymology: Likely from earlier *nīgwala-, denominative adjective from pre-Germanic *nih₃kʷ- (“looking down, facing down”), compound of Proto-Indo-European *ni (“down”) and *h₃ekʷ- (“to see”). Compare Sanskrit नीच (nīca, “below, down”). For a similar formation, see Ancient Greek ὀπιπεύω (opipeúō) < *h₁opi-h₃kʷ-. Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*ni||down}} Proto-Indo-European *ni (“down”), {{cog|sa|नीच||below, down}} Sanskrit नीच (nīca, “below, down”), {{cog|grc|ὀπιπεύω}} Ancient Greek ὀπιπεύω (opipeúō) Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-adj-a|nīwal}}, {{gem-decl-adj-table2|*nīwalaz|*nīwalanǭ|*nīwalas, -is|*nīwalammai|*nīwalanō|*nīwalai|*nīwalanz|*nīwalaizǫ̂|*nīwalaimaz|*nīwalaimiz|*nīwalō|*nīwalǭ|*nīwalaizōz|*nīwalaizōi|*nīwalaizō|*nīwalôz|*nīwalōz|*nīwalaizǫ̂|*nīwalaimaz|*nīwalaimiz|*nīwalą, -atō|*nīwalą, -atō|*nīwalas, -is|*nīwalammai|*nīwalanō|*nīwalō|*nīwalō|*nīwalaizǫ̂|*nīwalaimaz|*nīwalaimiz|*nīwalô|*nīwalanų|*nīwaliniz|*nīwalini|*nīwalinē|*nīwalaniz|*nīwalanunz|*nīwalanǫ̂|*nīwalammaz|*nīwalammiz|*nīwalǭ|*nīwalōnų|*nīwalōniz|*nīwalōni|*nīwalōnē|*nīwalōniz|*nīwalōnunz|*nīwalōnǫ̂|*nīwalōmaz|*nīwalōmiz|*nīwalô|*nīwalô|*nīwaliniz|*nīwalini|*nīwalinē|*nīwalōnō|*nīwalōnō|*nīwalanǫ̂|*nīwalammaz|*nīwalammiz|title=*nīwalaz (a-stem)}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], nīwalaz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], nīwalai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], nīwalō [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], nīwalôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], nīwalą [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -atō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], nīwalō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], nīwalanǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], nīwalanz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], nīwalǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], nīwalōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], nīwalą [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -atō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], nīwalō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], nīwalas [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -is [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], nīwalaizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], nīwalaizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], nīwalaizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], nīwalas [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -is [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], nīwalaizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], nīwalammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], nīwalaimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], nīwalaizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], nīwalaimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], nīwalammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], nīwalaimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], nīwalanō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], nīwalaimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], nīwalaizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], nīwalaimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], nīwalanō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], nīwalaimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], nīwalô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], nīwalaniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], nīwalǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], nīwalōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], nīwalô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], nīwalōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], nīwalanų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], nīwalanunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], nīwalōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], nīwalōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], nīwalô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], nīwalōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], nīwaliniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], nīwalanǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], nīwalōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], nīwalōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], nīwaliniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], nīwalanǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], nīwalini [dative, masculine, singular, weak], nīwalammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], nīwalōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], nīwalōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], nīwalini [dative, neuter, singular, weak], nīwalammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], nīwalinē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], nīwalammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], nīwalōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], nīwalōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], nīwalinē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], nīwalammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. lying down, prone, prostrate Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-nīwalaz-gem-pro-adj-lYuNwAaG Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 100 0 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 100 0 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 99 1
  2. deep Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-nīwalaz-gem-pro-adj-dGEcHWRV
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "neowol",
            "3": "nēol",
            "4": "nihol",
            "5": "niwol"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: neowol, nēol, nihol, niwol",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: neowol, nēol, nihol, niwol"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "neall"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: neall",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: neall"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "nigel",
            "3": "nule"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: nigel, nule",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: nigel, nule (adverb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "niel"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: niel",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: niel (adverb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "vernielen",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Middle Dutch: vernielen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Middle Dutch: vernielen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "vernielen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: vernielen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: vernielen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ni",
        "4": "",
        "5": "down"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ni (“down”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "नीच",
        "3": "",
        "4": "below, down"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit नीच (nīca, “below, down”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀπιπεύω"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀπιπεύω (opipeúō)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Likely from earlier *nīgwala-, denominative adjective from pre-Germanic *nih₃kʷ- (“looking down, facing down”), compound of Proto-Indo-European *ni (“down”) and *h₃ekʷ- (“to see”). Compare Sanskrit नीच (nīca, “below, down”). For a similar formation, see Ancient Greek ὀπιπεύω (opipeúō) < *h₁opi-h₃kʷ-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwaliniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwaliniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nīwal"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*nīwalaz",
        "10": "*nīwalaimiz",
        "11": "*nīwalō",
        "12": "*nīwalǭ",
        "13": "*nīwalaizōz",
        "14": "*nīwalaizōi",
        "15": "*nīwalaizō",
        "16": "*nīwalôz",
        "17": "*nīwalōz",
        "18": "*nīwalaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*nīwalaimaz",
        "2": "*nīwalanǭ",
        "20": "*nīwalaimiz",
        "21": "*nīwalą, -atō",
        "22": "*nīwalą, -atō",
        "23": "*nīwalas, -is",
        "24": "*nīwalammai",
        "25": "*nīwalanō",
        "26": "*nīwalō",
        "27": "*nīwalō",
        "28": "*nīwalaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*nīwalaimaz",
        "3": "*nīwalas, -is",
        "30": "*nīwalaimiz",
        "31": "*nīwalô",
        "32": "*nīwalanų",
        "33": "*nīwaliniz",
        "34": "*nīwalini",
        "35": "*nīwalinē",
        "36": "*nīwalaniz",
        "37": "*nīwalanunz",
        "38": "*nīwalanǫ̂",
        "39": "*nīwalammaz",
        "4": "*nīwalammai",
        "40": "*nīwalammiz",
        "41": "*nīwalǭ",
        "42": "*nīwalōnų",
        "43": "*nīwalōniz",
        "44": "*nīwalōni",
        "45": "*nīwalōnē",
        "46": "*nīwalōniz",
        "47": "*nīwalōnunz",
        "48": "*nīwalōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*nīwalōmaz",
        "5": "*nīwalanō",
        "50": "*nīwalōmiz",
        "51": "*nīwalô",
        "52": "*nīwalô",
        "53": "*nīwaliniz",
        "54": "*nīwalini",
        "55": "*nīwalinē",
        "56": "*nīwalōnō",
        "57": "*nīwalōnō",
        "58": "*nīwalanǫ̂",
        "59": "*nīwalammaz",
        "6": "*nīwalai",
        "60": "*nīwalammiz",
        "7": "*nīwalanz",
        "8": "*nīwalaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*nīwalaimaz",
        "title": "*nīwalaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/nīwalaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "99 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lying down, prone, prostrate"
      ],
      "id": "en-nīwalaz-gem-pro-adj-lYuNwAaG",
      "links": [
        [
          "lying down",
          "lying down"
        ],
        [
          "prone",
          "prone"
        ],
        [
          "prostrate",
          "prostrate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "deep"
      ],
      "id": "en-nīwalaz-gem-pro-adj-dGEcHWRV",
      "links": [
        [
          "deep",
          "deep"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈniː.wɑ.lɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "nīwalaz"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "neowol",
            "3": "nēol",
            "4": "nihol",
            "5": "niwol"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: neowol, nēol, nihol, niwol",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: neowol, nēol, nihol, niwol"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "neall"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: neall",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: neall"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "nigel",
            "3": "nule"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: nigel, nule",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: nigel, nule (adverb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "niel"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: niel",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: niel (adverb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "vernielen",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Middle Dutch: vernielen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Middle Dutch: vernielen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "vernielen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: vernielen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: vernielen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ni",
        "4": "",
        "5": "down"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ni (“down”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "नीच",
        "3": "",
        "4": "below, down"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit नीच (nīca, “below, down”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀπιπεύω"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀπιπεύω (opipeúō)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Likely from earlier *nīgwala-, denominative adjective from pre-Germanic *nih₃kʷ- (“looking down, facing down”), compound of Proto-Indo-European *ni (“down”) and *h₃ekʷ- (“to see”). Compare Sanskrit नीच (nīca, “below, down”). For a similar formation, see Ancient Greek ὀπιπεύω (opipeúō) < *h₁opi-h₃kʷ-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwaliniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwaliniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nīwalammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nīwal"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*nīwalaz",
        "10": "*nīwalaimiz",
        "11": "*nīwalō",
        "12": "*nīwalǭ",
        "13": "*nīwalaizōz",
        "14": "*nīwalaizōi",
        "15": "*nīwalaizō",
        "16": "*nīwalôz",
        "17": "*nīwalōz",
        "18": "*nīwalaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*nīwalaimaz",
        "2": "*nīwalanǭ",
        "20": "*nīwalaimiz",
        "21": "*nīwalą, -atō",
        "22": "*nīwalą, -atō",
        "23": "*nīwalas, -is",
        "24": "*nīwalammai",
        "25": "*nīwalanō",
        "26": "*nīwalō",
        "27": "*nīwalō",
        "28": "*nīwalaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*nīwalaimaz",
        "3": "*nīwalas, -is",
        "30": "*nīwalaimiz",
        "31": "*nīwalô",
        "32": "*nīwalanų",
        "33": "*nīwaliniz",
        "34": "*nīwalini",
        "35": "*nīwalinē",
        "36": "*nīwalaniz",
        "37": "*nīwalanunz",
        "38": "*nīwalanǫ̂",
        "39": "*nīwalammaz",
        "4": "*nīwalammai",
        "40": "*nīwalammiz",
        "41": "*nīwalǭ",
        "42": "*nīwalōnų",
        "43": "*nīwalōniz",
        "44": "*nīwalōni",
        "45": "*nīwalōnē",
        "46": "*nīwalōniz",
        "47": "*nīwalōnunz",
        "48": "*nīwalōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*nīwalōmaz",
        "5": "*nīwalanō",
        "50": "*nīwalōmiz",
        "51": "*nīwalô",
        "52": "*nīwalô",
        "53": "*nīwaliniz",
        "54": "*nīwalini",
        "55": "*nīwalinē",
        "56": "*nīwalōnō",
        "57": "*nīwalōnō",
        "58": "*nīwalanǫ̂",
        "59": "*nīwalammaz",
        "6": "*nīwalai",
        "60": "*nīwalammiz",
        "7": "*nīwalanz",
        "8": "*nīwalaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*nīwalaimaz",
        "title": "*nīwalaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/nīwalaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "lying down, prone, prostrate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lying down",
          "lying down"
        ],
        [
          "prone",
          "prone"
        ],
        [
          "prostrate",
          "prostrate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "deep"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "deep",
          "deep"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈniː.wɑ.lɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "nīwalaz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for nīwalaz meaning in All languages combined (10.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.