See muļķis on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "*mil-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic *mil-",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *melh₂-",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "mùlkis"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian mùlkis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मल्व",
"3": "",
"4": "stupid, foolish, unwise",
"tr": "malvá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मल्व (malvá, “stupid, foolish, unwise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βλᾱ́ξ",
"3": "",
"4": "coward; stubborn; stupid"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βλᾱ́ξ (blā́x, “coward; stubborn; stupid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "молча́ть",
"3": "",
"4": "to be silent"
},
"expansion": "Russian молча́ть (molčátʹ, “to be silent”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *mil-, *mul- (with an extra -k), from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂-, *ml̥h₂- (“to push, to crush, to grate, to grind”) (whence also malt (“to grind, to mill”), q.v.). The semantic evolution was probably “to grind” > “to get lost” (via a comparison between grinding movements and the aimless motion of someone who got lost; see the etymology of maldināt (“to mislead, to deceive”)) > “to be confused, bewildered” > (nominalized) “confused person” > “stupid person”. Cognates include Lithuanian mùlkis, Sanskrit मल्व (malvá, “stupid, foolish, unwise”), Ancient Greek βλᾱ́ξ (blā́x, “coward; stubborn; stupid”) (< *mlāk-). A related word is Russian молча́ть (molčátʹ, “to be silent”) (< *mъlkēti).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "muļķe",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2nd declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "muļķis m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "2nd",
"fem": "muļķe"
},
"expansion": "muļķis m (2nd declension, feminine form: muļķe)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mu",
"2": "is",
"3": "2nd",
"4": "",
"5": "ļķ",
"6": "ļķ",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mu",
"2": "is",
"4": "",
"5": "ļķ",
"6": "ļķ",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "muļķis",
"10": "muļķiem",
"11": "muļķī",
"12": "muļķos",
"13": "muļķi",
"14": "muļķi",
"2": "muļķi",
"3": "muļķi",
"4": "muļķus",
"5": "muļķa",
"6": "muļķu",
"7": "muļķim",
"8": "muļķiem",
"9": "muļķi",
"type": "2nd declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "muļķadesa"
},
{
"word": "muļķa desa"
},
{
"word": "muļķība"
},
{
"word": "muļķīgs"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to consider someone a fool",
"text": "uzskatīt, turēt kādu par muļķi",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "any fool can catch fish; to deliver the fish, now that is an art",
"text": "zvejot prot katrs muļķis; nodot zivis, tā ir māksla",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "fool! he in his stupidity had destroyed my own best trout (catching) place",
"text": "muļķis! viņš savā stulbumā bija iznīcinājis manu pašu labāko foreļu vietu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fool, stupid man (man with little intelligence)"
],
"id": "en-muļķis-lv-noun-7jDlFpzs",
"links": [
[
"fool",
"fool"
],
[
"stupid",
"stupid"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"man",
"man#English"
],
[
"little",
"little#English"
],
[
"intelligence",
"intelligence#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(male) fool, stupid man (man with little intelligence)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "duraks"
},
{
"word": "idiots"
},
{
"word": "muļķadesa"
},
{
"word": "nejēga"
},
{
"word": "neprātis"
},
{
"word": "stulbenis"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mûʎcis]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-muļķis.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/Lv-riga-mu%C4%BC%C4%B7is.ogg/Lv-riga-mu%C4%BC%C4%B7is.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Lv-riga-mu%C4%BC%C4%B7is.ogg"
}
],
"word": "muļķis"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "muļķadesa"
},
{
"word": "muļķa desa"
},
{
"word": "muļķība"
},
{
"word": "muļķīgs"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "*mil-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic *mil-",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *melh₂-",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "mùlkis"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian mùlkis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मल्व",
"3": "",
"4": "stupid, foolish, unwise",
"tr": "malvá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मल्व (malvá, “stupid, foolish, unwise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βλᾱ́ξ",
"3": "",
"4": "coward; stubborn; stupid"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βλᾱ́ξ (blā́x, “coward; stubborn; stupid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "молча́ть",
"3": "",
"4": "to be silent"
},
"expansion": "Russian молча́ть (molčátʹ, “to be silent”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *mil-, *mul- (with an extra -k), from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂-, *ml̥h₂- (“to push, to crush, to grate, to grind”) (whence also malt (“to grind, to mill”), q.v.). The semantic evolution was probably “to grind” > “to get lost” (via a comparison between grinding movements and the aimless motion of someone who got lost; see the etymology of maldināt (“to mislead, to deceive”)) > “to be confused, bewildered” > (nominalized) “confused person” > “stupid person”. Cognates include Lithuanian mùlkis, Sanskrit मल्व (malvá, “stupid, foolish, unwise”), Ancient Greek βλᾱ́ξ (blā́x, “coward; stubborn; stupid”) (< *mlāk-). A related word is Russian молча́ть (molčátʹ, “to be silent”) (< *mъlkēti).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "muļķe",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2nd declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "muļķi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "muļķis m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "2nd",
"fem": "muļķe"
},
"expansion": "muļķis m (2nd declension, feminine form: muļķe)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mu",
"2": "is",
"3": "2nd",
"4": "",
"5": "ļķ",
"6": "ļķ",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mu",
"2": "is",
"4": "",
"5": "ļķ",
"6": "ļķ",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "muļķis",
"10": "muļķiem",
"11": "muļķī",
"12": "muļķos",
"13": "muļķi",
"14": "muļķi",
"2": "muļķi",
"3": "muļķi",
"4": "muļķus",
"5": "muļķa",
"6": "muļķu",
"7": "muļķim",
"8": "muļķiem",
"9": "muļķi",
"type": "2nd declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian masculine nouns",
"Latvian non-alternating second declension nouns",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian second declension nouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian terms with usage examples",
"Latvian undefined derivations",
"Latvian words with broken intonation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to consider someone a fool",
"text": "uzskatīt, turēt kādu par muļķi",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "any fool can catch fish; to deliver the fish, now that is an art",
"text": "zvejot prot katrs muļķis; nodot zivis, tā ir māksla",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "fool! he in his stupidity had destroyed my own best trout (catching) place",
"text": "muļķis! viņš savā stulbumā bija iznīcinājis manu pašu labāko foreļu vietu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fool, stupid man (man with little intelligence)"
],
"links": [
[
"fool",
"fool"
],
[
"stupid",
"stupid"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"man",
"man#English"
],
[
"little",
"little#English"
],
[
"intelligence",
"intelligence#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(male) fool, stupid man (man with little intelligence)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mûʎcis]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-muļķis.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/Lv-riga-mu%C4%BC%C4%B7is.ogg/Lv-riga-mu%C4%BC%C4%B7is.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Lv-riga-mu%C4%BC%C4%B7is.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "duraks"
},
{
"word": "idiots"
},
{
"word": "muļķadesa"
},
{
"word": "nejēga"
},
{
"word": "neprātis"
},
{
"word": "stulbenis"
}
],
"word": "muļķis"
}
Download raw JSONL data for muļķis meaning in All languages combined (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.