See melko on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for melko meaning in All languages combined (22.7kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "melki",
"3": "o"
},
"expansion": "melki + -o",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From melki + -o.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "melkon",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "melkoj",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "melkojn",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "melko (accusative singular melkon, plural melkoj, accusative plural melkojn)",
"name": "eo-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"mel‧ko"
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto terms suffixed with -o",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 1900, “La Ducoboroj”, in Le Correspondant international, page 333, column 1",
"text": "Ili vidis ankaŭ, ke por la melko de la bovino, aŭ de la ŝafino estas necese antaŭ ĉio per la bastono forpeli de ili la bovidon, aŭ la ŝafidon kaj poste komenci nutri la lastajn anstataŭ la gusta kaj nutrumanta lakto per la neagrablaj elmetaĵoj.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1903, L’Espérantiste: Organe propagateur de la langue internationale “Esperanto”, page 11, column 2",
"text": "Brutarojn en tiu ĉi tago oni ne elpelis, sed nutris en staloj, kaj la paŝtistoj volvis kronojn el branĉoj abiaj, ornamis per ili la brutojn kaj alligis al la dorsoj de l’bovoj la benkojn por melko.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1928 June, “Somalio”, in Esperanto: Oficiala organo de Universala Esperanto-Asocio, number 334 [6], translation of original by Ibrahim Ismail, page 119 (3), column 1",
"text": "Vigle li observas la kamelidon suĉantan de la patrina brusto, kaj tuj kiam li juĝas ke ĝi trinkis sufiĉe, li forpuŝas ĝin dum viro daŭrigas la melkon en korbaĵan ujegon.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1979, William Auld, Enkonduko en la originalan literaturon de Esperanto, page 93",
"text": "Tiu lasta rikoltis multe da komentado, plejparte neserioza; sed sentemaj animoj komprenis la seriozecon de la eksperimento: / Se l’ korvo de la grako noktas / kaj vojas melko de la lakta lago, / sub staroj de l’ ĉiela ŝakto / mi ŝtonas pro torporas ŝlim / kaj tim kaj tim / kaj tikas tako; via brako / mara tempesta blankis dum alturn’…",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "2013, Julia Sigmond, Sen Rodin, Libazar’ kaj Tero: kvarmana sonato dutonala (Serio Originala Literaturo), New York, N.Y.: Mondial, page 210",
"text": "Konante la atendojn de la publiko, li tuj prezentis sian numeron nomatan “moner-melko”. Fakte li proksimigis sian manon al ies orelo, kaj de tie “melkis” du, tri, eĉ dekon da moneretoj. Post kelkaj sukcesaj melkoj, li proksimiĝis ankaŭ al Ĉing-Ĉang … kaj la kvoro denove iom ektremis … tamen li brave restis senmova.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"milking"
],
"id": "en-melko-eo-noun-PzGfCVxm",
"links": [
[
"milking",
"milking"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈmelko]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-elko"
}
],
"word": "melko"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "melkeä"
},
"expansion": "melkeä",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "melkõi",
"3": "",
"4": "small"
},
"expansion": "Votic melkõi (“small”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "melkeä",
"3": "o"
},
"expansion": "melkeä + -o",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "melkein"
},
"expansion": "melkein",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "melki"
},
"expansion": "Karelian melki",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "melkie"
},
"expansion": "melkie",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "melkein"
},
"expansion": "Votic melkein",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from dialectal melkeä (compare Votic melkõi (“small”)); melkeä + -o. Related to melkein, Karelian melki and melkie, Votic melkein.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "",
"2": "adverbs",
"3": "not comparable",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "comparative",
"f2accel-form": "comparative",
"f3accel-form": "superlative",
"f4accel-form": "superlative",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "melko (not comparable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "melko (not comparable)",
"name": "fi-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish terms suffixed with -o",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "melkoinen"
},
{
"word": "melkoisen"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a quite expensive car",
"text": "melko kallis auto",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"quite, somewhat, fairly"
],
"id": "en-melko-fi-adv-g62XBXoI",
"links": [
[
"quite",
"quite"
],
[
"somewhat",
"somewhat"
],
[
"fairly",
"fairly"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "melko"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "aika"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "aikas"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "jokseenkin"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "kelvollisen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "kohtuu"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "kohtalaisen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "kohtuullisen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "melko"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "melkoisen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "suht"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "suhteellisen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "varsin"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "verraten"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "verratenkin"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "verrattain"
}
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmelko/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈme̞lko̞]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-elko"
}
],
"word": "melko"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "молоко"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: молоко (moloko)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: молоко (moloko)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "молоко́"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: молоко́ (molokó)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: молоко́ (molokó)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-obe",
"2": "малако́"
},
"expansion": "Old Belarusian: малако́ (malakó)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Belarusian: малако́ (malakó)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "малако́"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: малако́ (malakó)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: малако́ (malakó)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "молоко́"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: молоко́ (molokó)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: молоко́ (molokó)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "молоко́"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: молоко́ (molokó)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: молоко́ (molokó)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "молоко́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: молоко́ (molokó)\n→ Yup'ik: muluk'uuq, malak'uuq",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Russian: молоко́ (molokó)\n→ Yup'ik: muluk'uuq, malak'uuq"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "млѣко"
},
"expansion": "млѣко (mlěko)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic: млѣко (mlěko)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰿⰾⱑⰽⱁ"
},
"expansion": "ⰿⰾⱑⰽⱁ (mlěko)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic: ⰿⰾⱑⰽⱁ (mlěko)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "мля́ко"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: мля́ко (mljáko)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: мля́ко (mljáko)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "мле́ко"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: мле́ко (mléko)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: мле́ко (mléko)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "мле́ко",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: мле́ко",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "млије́ко"
},
"expansion": "млије́ко",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "мли́ко"
},
"expansion": "мли́ко",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: мле́ко, млије́ко, мли́ко"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "mléko"
},
"expansion": "mléko",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "mlijéko"
},
"expansion": "mlijéko",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "mlíko"
},
"expansion": "mlíko",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Latin: mléko, mlijéko, mlíko"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "mlẹ́ko",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: mlẹ́ko",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mlẹ́ko"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: mlẹ́ko (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: mlẹ́ko (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "mlékò",
"3": "mélkò"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: mlékò, mélkò",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: mlékò, mélkò"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "mléko"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: mléko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: mléko"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "mléko"
},
"expansion": "Czech: mléko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: mléko"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Common Czech"
},
"expansion": "(Common Czech)",
"name": "a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "mlíko"
},
"expansion": "mlíko",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Bohemian (Common Czech): mlíko"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "mleko"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: mleko\nPolish: mleko\nSilesian: mlyko",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: mleko\nPolish: mleko\nSilesian: mlyko"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "mlieko"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: mlieko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: mlieko"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "mlåkă"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: mlåkă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: mlåkă"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "mlókô"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: mlókô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: mlókô"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "mloko"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: mloko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: mloko"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "mloko"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: mloko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: mloko"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "got",
"3": "𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌿𐌺𐍃",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌿𐌺𐍃 (miluks, “milk”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*meluk",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *meluk (“milk”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂melǵ-",
"t": "to milk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂melǵ- (“to milk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*melkaną",
"t": "to milk"
},
"expansion": "*melkaną (“to milk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*melzti",
"t": "to milk"
},
"expansion": "*melzti (“to milk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*melza"
},
"expansion": "*melza",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*melzivo"
},
"expansion": "*melzivo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "malke",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A malke (“milk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "malkwer",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B malkwer (“milk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "melg",
"g": "n",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish melg n (“milk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "mlicht",
"g": "m",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "mlicht m (“milk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "mligid",
"t": "to milk"
},
"expansion": "mligid (“to milk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "blith",
"g": "m",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Welsh blith m (“milk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*mielkkē",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *mielkkē (“milk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "**melzo"
},
"expansion": "**melzo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "**melgo"
},
"expansion": "**melgo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "melca",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Latin melca f",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "μέλκᾱ",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek μέλκᾱ f (mélkā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "**mьlъcь"
},
"expansion": "**mьlъcь",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "**mьlьčь"
},
"expansion": "**mьlьčь",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-u-"
},
"expansion": "*-u-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "срацини",
"3": "с<u>ра</u>цини"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic срацини (sracini)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Saracēnī",
"3": "S<u>ara</u>cēnī"
},
"expansion": "Latin Saracēnī",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *melk-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*melḱ-"
},
"expansion": "*melḱ-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*molka"
},
"expansion": "*molka",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*molkyta"
},
"expansion": "*molkyta",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "mlȁka"
},
"expansion": "mlȁka",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "мла̏ка",
"t": "pool, puddle"
},
"expansion": "мла̏ка (“pool, puddle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "молокита",
"t": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "молокита (molokita, “swamp”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "mlacă",
"t": "swamp, marsh"
},
"expansion": "Romanian mlacă (“swamp, marsh”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "mlaștină",
"t": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "mlaștină (“swamp”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "mal̃kas",
"t": "swallow (gulp)"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian mal̃kas (“swallow (gulp)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "màlks"
},
"expansion": "Latvian màlks",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "màlka"
},
"expansion": "màlka",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "мо́лость",
"t": "bad weather"
},
"expansion": "Russian мо́лость (mólostʹ, “bad weather”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌷𐌼𐌰",
"t": "cloud"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌷𐌼𐌰 (milhma, “cloud”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "μέλκιον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek μέλκιον (mélkion)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mulceō"
},
"expansion": "Latin mulceō",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "dadan",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian dadan (“milk”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "píenas",
"g": "m",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian píenas m (“milk”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "mélžti",
"t": "to milk"
},
"expansion": "mélžti (“to milk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पयस्",
"g": "n",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पयस् n (payas, “milk”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*piimä",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *piimä (“milk”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*maito",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *maito (“milk”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšiHrám",
"g": "n",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšiHrám n (“milk”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "hirrë",
"g": "f",
"t": "whey"
},
"expansion": "Albanian hirrë f (“whey”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γάλα",
"g": "n",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γάλα n (gála, “milk”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γάλακτος",
"pos": "Gsg."
},
"expansion": "γάλακτος (gálaktos, Gsg.)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀμέλγω",
"t": "I milk"
},
"expansion": "ἀμέλγω (amélgō, “I milk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lac",
"g": "n",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Latin lac n (“milk”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lactis",
"pos": "Gsg."
},
"expansion": "lactis (Gsg.)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mulgeō",
"t": "I milk"
},
"expansion": "mulgeō (“I milk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "tambël",
"g": "m",
"t": "milk, whey"
},
"expansion": "Albanian tambël m (“milk, whey”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ëmbël",
"t": "sweet"
},
"expansion": "ëmbël (“sweet”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "mjel",
"t": "I milk"
},
"expansion": "mjel (“I milk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*mélit",
"g": "n",
"t": "honey"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mélit n (“honey”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*médʰu",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*médʰu n",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain:\n* Borrowed from either Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌿𐌺𐍃 (miluks, “milk”) or Proto-West Germanic *meluk (“milk”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂melǵ- (“to milk”) with unexpected 'u' (cp. *melkaną (“to milk”)).\n** Related to: *melzti (“to milk”), *melza, *melzivo and Tocharian A malke (“milk”), Tocharian B malkwer (“milk”), Old Irish melg n (“milk”), mlicht m (“milk”) : mligid (“to milk”), Welsh blith m (“milk”) and Proto-Samic *mielkkē (“milk”).\n** (+) Proto-Indo-European palatovelar */ǵ/ is reflexed as centum and voiceless (inherited form would be **melzo or **melgo). See also Latin melca f, Ancient Greek μέλκᾱ f (mélkā).\n** (∓) u > ъ is expected (per ESSJa: **mьlъcь, **mьlьčь). This would require an intermediary language that would drop the medial *-u- from Proto-Germanic word and thematicize the stem. But compare Old Church Slavonic срацини (sracini) : Latin Saracēnī.\n** (–) Neuter gender of the Slavic word: loanwords rarely become neuter when they are borrowed into Proto-Slavic, and neuter donor words mainly become masculine or feminine.\n** (–) per Oleg Trubačev: it belongs to the accent paradigm b. However, this argument is weak since the final stress goes back to earlier stem stress, which is not unlikely among the Germanic loanwords in Proto-Slavic.\n* Per A. Brückner, Valentin Kiparsky: from Proto-Indo-European *melk- or *melḱ-.\n** Related to 1: *molka, *molkyta (> Serbo-Croatian mlȁka/мла̏ка (“pool, puddle”), Old East Slavic молокита (molokita, “swamp”) and Romanian mlacă (“swamp, marsh”), mlaștină (“swamp”)) and Lithuanian mal̃kas (“swallow (gulp)”), Latvian màlks, màlka.\n** Related to 2: Russian мо́лость (mólostʹ, “bad weather”)\n** Related to 1/2: Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌷𐌼𐌰 (milhma, “cloud”), possibly Ancient Greek μέλκιον (mélkion), Latin mulceō\n** This etymology has been criticized as semantically far-fetched.\nCompare milk names:\n* Old Prussian dadan (“milk”) : ?\n* Lithuanian píenas m (“milk”) : mélžti (“to milk”), Sanskrit पयस् n (payas, “milk”) : ?, Proto-Finnic *piimä (“milk”) (also Proto-Finnic *maito (“milk”)).\n* Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšiHrám n (“milk”) : ?, Albanian hirrë f (“whey”)\n* Ancient Greek γάλα n (gála, “milk”), γάλακτος (gálaktos, Gsg.) : ἀμέλγω (amélgō, “I milk”), Latin lac n (“milk”), lactis (Gsg.) : mulgeō (“I milk”)\n* Albanian tambël m (“milk, whey”) (< ëmbël (“sweet”)) : mjel (“I milk”). See also Proto-Indo-European *mélit n (“honey”), *médʰu n.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "melkò",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "uncountable",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "mēlkò",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "mēlkà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "mēlkù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "accusative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "instrumental",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "mēlkъ̀mь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlkòmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "locative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "mēlcě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vocative",
"source": "declension"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "melkò",
"ap": "b",
"n": "s"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/melko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic singularia tantum",
"parents": [
"Singularia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"milk"
],
"id": "en-melko-sla-pro-noun-iCXnZTD4",
"links": [
[
"milk",
"milk"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen",
"ru:Черных, Павел Яковлевич"
]
}
],
"word": "melko"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "melki",
"3": "o"
},
"expansion": "melki + -o",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From melki + -o.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "melkon",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "melkoj",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "melkojn",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "melko (accusative singular melkon, plural melkoj, accusative plural melkojn)",
"name": "eo-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"mel‧ko"
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"Esperanto lemmas",
"Esperanto nouns",
"Esperanto nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Esperanto terms suffixed with -o",
"Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Esperanto terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Esperanto quotations",
"Rhymes:Esperanto/elko"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 1900, “La Ducoboroj”, in Le Correspondant international, page 333, column 1",
"text": "Ili vidis ankaŭ, ke por la melko de la bovino, aŭ de la ŝafino estas necese antaŭ ĉio per la bastono forpeli de ili la bovidon, aŭ la ŝafidon kaj poste komenci nutri la lastajn anstataŭ la gusta kaj nutrumanta lakto per la neagrablaj elmetaĵoj.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1903, L’Espérantiste: Organe propagateur de la langue internationale “Esperanto”, page 11, column 2",
"text": "Brutarojn en tiu ĉi tago oni ne elpelis, sed nutris en staloj, kaj la paŝtistoj volvis kronojn el branĉoj abiaj, ornamis per ili la brutojn kaj alligis al la dorsoj de l’bovoj la benkojn por melko.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1928 June, “Somalio”, in Esperanto: Oficiala organo de Universala Esperanto-Asocio, number 334 [6], translation of original by Ibrahim Ismail, page 119 (3), column 1",
"text": "Vigle li observas la kamelidon suĉantan de la patrina brusto, kaj tuj kiam li juĝas ke ĝi trinkis sufiĉe, li forpuŝas ĝin dum viro daŭrigas la melkon en korbaĵan ujegon.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1979, William Auld, Enkonduko en la originalan literaturon de Esperanto, page 93",
"text": "Tiu lasta rikoltis multe da komentado, plejparte neserioza; sed sentemaj animoj komprenis la seriozecon de la eksperimento: / Se l’ korvo de la grako noktas / kaj vojas melko de la lakta lago, / sub staroj de l’ ĉiela ŝakto / mi ŝtonas pro torporas ŝlim / kaj tim kaj tim / kaj tikas tako; via brako / mara tempesta blankis dum alturn’…",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "2013, Julia Sigmond, Sen Rodin, Libazar’ kaj Tero: kvarmana sonato dutonala (Serio Originala Literaturo), New York, N.Y.: Mondial, page 210",
"text": "Konante la atendojn de la publiko, li tuj prezentis sian numeron nomatan “moner-melko”. Fakte li proksimigis sian manon al ies orelo, kaj de tie “melkis” du, tri, eĉ dekon da moneretoj. Post kelkaj sukcesaj melkoj, li proksimiĝis ankaŭ al Ĉing-Ĉang … kaj la kvoro denove iom ektremis … tamen li brave restis senmova.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"milking"
],
"links": [
[
"milking",
"milking"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈmelko]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-elko"
}
],
"word": "melko"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "melkoinen"
},
{
"word": "melkoisen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "melkeä"
},
"expansion": "melkeä",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "melkõi",
"3": "",
"4": "small"
},
"expansion": "Votic melkõi (“small”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "melkeä",
"3": "o"
},
"expansion": "melkeä + -o",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "melkein"
},
"expansion": "melkein",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "melki"
},
"expansion": "Karelian melki",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "melkie"
},
"expansion": "melkie",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "melkein"
},
"expansion": "Votic melkein",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from dialectal melkeä (compare Votic melkõi (“small”)); melkeä + -o. Related to melkein, Karelian melki and melkie, Votic melkein.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "",
"2": "adverbs",
"3": "not comparable",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "comparative",
"f2accel-form": "comparative",
"f3accel-form": "superlative",
"f4accel-form": "superlative",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "melko (not comparable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "melko (not comparable)",
"name": "fi-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Finnish 2-syllable words",
"Finnish adverbs",
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish terms suffixed with -o",
"Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Finnish terms with usage examples",
"Rhymes:Finnish/elko",
"Rhymes:Finnish/elko/2 syllables"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a quite expensive car",
"text": "melko kallis auto",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"quite, somewhat, fairly"
],
"links": [
[
"quite",
"quite"
],
[
"somewhat",
"somewhat"
],
[
"fairly",
"fairly"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "melko"
}
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmelko/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈme̞lko̞]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-elko"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "aika"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "aikas"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "jokseenkin"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "kelvollisen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "kohtuu"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "kohtalaisen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "kohtuullisen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "melko"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "melkoisen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "suht"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "suhteellisen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "varsin"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "verraten"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "verratenkin"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:melko",
"word": "verrattain"
}
],
"word": "melko"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "молоко"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: молоко (moloko)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: молоко (moloko)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "молоко́"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: молоко́ (molokó)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: молоко́ (molokó)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-obe",
"2": "малако́"
},
"expansion": "Old Belarusian: малако́ (malakó)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Belarusian: малако́ (malakó)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "малако́"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: малако́ (malakó)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: малако́ (malakó)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "молоко́"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: молоко́ (molokó)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: молоко́ (molokó)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "молоко́"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: молоко́ (molokó)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: молоко́ (molokó)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "молоко́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: молоко́ (molokó)\n→ Yup'ik: muluk'uuq, malak'uuq",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Russian: молоко́ (molokó)\n→ Yup'ik: muluk'uuq, malak'uuq"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "млѣко"
},
"expansion": "млѣко (mlěko)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic: млѣко (mlěko)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰿⰾⱑⰽⱁ"
},
"expansion": "ⰿⰾⱑⰽⱁ (mlěko)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic: ⰿⰾⱑⰽⱁ (mlěko)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "мля́ко"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: мля́ко (mljáko)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: мля́ко (mljáko)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "мле́ко"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: мле́ко (mléko)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: мле́ко (mléko)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "мле́ко",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: мле́ко",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "млије́ко"
},
"expansion": "млије́ко",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "мли́ко"
},
"expansion": "мли́ко",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: мле́ко, млије́ко, мли́ко"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "mléko"
},
"expansion": "mléko",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "mlijéko"
},
"expansion": "mlijéko",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "mlíko"
},
"expansion": "mlíko",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Latin: mléko, mlijéko, mlíko"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "mlẹ́ko",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: mlẹ́ko",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mlẹ́ko"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: mlẹ́ko (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: mlẹ́ko (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "mlékò",
"3": "mélkò"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: mlékò, mélkò",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: mlékò, mélkò"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "mléko"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: mléko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: mléko"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "mléko"
},
"expansion": "Czech: mléko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: mléko"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Common Czech"
},
"expansion": "(Common Czech)",
"name": "a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "mlíko"
},
"expansion": "mlíko",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Bohemian (Common Czech): mlíko"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "mleko"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: mleko\nPolish: mleko\nSilesian: mlyko",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: mleko\nPolish: mleko\nSilesian: mlyko"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "mlieko"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: mlieko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: mlieko"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "mlåkă"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: mlåkă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: mlåkă"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "mlókô"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: mlókô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: mlókô"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "mloko"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: mloko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: mloko"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "mloko"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: mloko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: mloko"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "got",
"3": "𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌿𐌺𐍃",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌿𐌺𐍃 (miluks, “milk”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*meluk",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *meluk (“milk”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂melǵ-",
"t": "to milk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂melǵ- (“to milk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*melkaną",
"t": "to milk"
},
"expansion": "*melkaną (“to milk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*melzti",
"t": "to milk"
},
"expansion": "*melzti (“to milk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*melza"
},
"expansion": "*melza",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*melzivo"
},
"expansion": "*melzivo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "malke",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A malke (“milk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "malkwer",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B malkwer (“milk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "melg",
"g": "n",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish melg n (“milk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "mlicht",
"g": "m",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "mlicht m (“milk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "mligid",
"t": "to milk"
},
"expansion": "mligid (“to milk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "blith",
"g": "m",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Welsh blith m (“milk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*mielkkē",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *mielkkē (“milk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "**melzo"
},
"expansion": "**melzo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "**melgo"
},
"expansion": "**melgo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "melca",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Latin melca f",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "μέλκᾱ",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek μέλκᾱ f (mélkā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "**mьlъcь"
},
"expansion": "**mьlъcь",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "**mьlьčь"
},
"expansion": "**mьlьčь",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-u-"
},
"expansion": "*-u-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "срацини",
"3": "с<u>ра</u>цини"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic срацини (sracini)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Saracēnī",
"3": "S<u>ara</u>cēnī"
},
"expansion": "Latin Saracēnī",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *melk-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*melḱ-"
},
"expansion": "*melḱ-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*molka"
},
"expansion": "*molka",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*molkyta"
},
"expansion": "*molkyta",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "mlȁka"
},
"expansion": "mlȁka",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "мла̏ка",
"t": "pool, puddle"
},
"expansion": "мла̏ка (“pool, puddle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "молокита",
"t": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "молокита (molokita, “swamp”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "mlacă",
"t": "swamp, marsh"
},
"expansion": "Romanian mlacă (“swamp, marsh”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "mlaștină",
"t": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "mlaștină (“swamp”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "mal̃kas",
"t": "swallow (gulp)"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian mal̃kas (“swallow (gulp)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "màlks"
},
"expansion": "Latvian màlks",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "màlka"
},
"expansion": "màlka",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "мо́лость",
"t": "bad weather"
},
"expansion": "Russian мо́лость (mólostʹ, “bad weather”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌷𐌼𐌰",
"t": "cloud"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌷𐌼𐌰 (milhma, “cloud”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "μέλκιον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek μέλκιον (mélkion)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mulceō"
},
"expansion": "Latin mulceō",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "dadan",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian dadan (“milk”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "píenas",
"g": "m",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian píenas m (“milk”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "mélžti",
"t": "to milk"
},
"expansion": "mélžti (“to milk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पयस्",
"g": "n",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पयस् n (payas, “milk”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*piimä",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *piimä (“milk”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*maito",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *maito (“milk”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšiHrám",
"g": "n",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšiHrám n (“milk”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "hirrë",
"g": "f",
"t": "whey"
},
"expansion": "Albanian hirrë f (“whey”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γάλα",
"g": "n",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γάλα n (gála, “milk”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γάλακτος",
"pos": "Gsg."
},
"expansion": "γάλακτος (gálaktos, Gsg.)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀμέλγω",
"t": "I milk"
},
"expansion": "ἀμέλγω (amélgō, “I milk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lac",
"g": "n",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Latin lac n (“milk”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lactis",
"pos": "Gsg."
},
"expansion": "lactis (Gsg.)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mulgeō",
"t": "I milk"
},
"expansion": "mulgeō (“I milk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "tambël",
"g": "m",
"t": "milk, whey"
},
"expansion": "Albanian tambël m (“milk, whey”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ëmbël",
"t": "sweet"
},
"expansion": "ëmbël (“sweet”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "mjel",
"t": "I milk"
},
"expansion": "mjel (“I milk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*mélit",
"g": "n",
"t": "honey"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mélit n (“honey”)",
"name": "nc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*médʰu",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*médʰu n",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain:\n* Borrowed from either Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌿𐌺𐍃 (miluks, “milk”) or Proto-West Germanic *meluk (“milk”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂melǵ- (“to milk”) with unexpected 'u' (cp. *melkaną (“to milk”)).\n** Related to: *melzti (“to milk”), *melza, *melzivo and Tocharian A malke (“milk”), Tocharian B malkwer (“milk”), Old Irish melg n (“milk”), mlicht m (“milk”) : mligid (“to milk”), Welsh blith m (“milk”) and Proto-Samic *mielkkē (“milk”).\n** (+) Proto-Indo-European palatovelar */ǵ/ is reflexed as centum and voiceless (inherited form would be **melzo or **melgo). See also Latin melca f, Ancient Greek μέλκᾱ f (mélkā).\n** (∓) u > ъ is expected (per ESSJa: **mьlъcь, **mьlьčь). This would require an intermediary language that would drop the medial *-u- from Proto-Germanic word and thematicize the stem. But compare Old Church Slavonic срацини (sracini) : Latin Saracēnī.\n** (–) Neuter gender of the Slavic word: loanwords rarely become neuter when they are borrowed into Proto-Slavic, and neuter donor words mainly become masculine or feminine.\n** (–) per Oleg Trubačev: it belongs to the accent paradigm b. However, this argument is weak since the final stress goes back to earlier stem stress, which is not unlikely among the Germanic loanwords in Proto-Slavic.\n* Per A. Brückner, Valentin Kiparsky: from Proto-Indo-European *melk- or *melḱ-.\n** Related to 1: *molka, *molkyta (> Serbo-Croatian mlȁka/мла̏ка (“pool, puddle”), Old East Slavic молокита (molokita, “swamp”) and Romanian mlacă (“swamp, marsh”), mlaștină (“swamp”)) and Lithuanian mal̃kas (“swallow (gulp)”), Latvian màlks, màlka.\n** Related to 2: Russian мо́лость (mólostʹ, “bad weather”)\n** Related to 1/2: Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌷𐌼𐌰 (milhma, “cloud”), possibly Ancient Greek μέλκιον (mélkion), Latin mulceō\n** This etymology has been criticized as semantically far-fetched.\nCompare milk names:\n* Old Prussian dadan (“milk”) : ?\n* Lithuanian píenas m (“milk”) : mélžti (“to milk”), Sanskrit पयस् n (payas, “milk”) : ?, Proto-Finnic *piimä (“milk”) (also Proto-Finnic *maito (“milk”)).\n* Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšiHrám n (“milk”) : ?, Albanian hirrë f (“whey”)\n* Ancient Greek γάλα n (gála, “milk”), γάλακτος (gálaktos, Gsg.) : ἀμέλγω (amélgō, “I milk”), Latin lac n (“milk”), lactis (Gsg.) : mulgeō (“I milk”)\n* Albanian tambël m (“milk, whey”) (< ëmbël (“sweet”)) : mjel (“I milk”). See also Proto-Indo-European *mélit n (“honey”), *médʰu n.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "melkò",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "uncountable",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "mēlkò",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "mēlkà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "mēlkù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "accusative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "instrumental",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "mēlkъ̀mь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mēlkòmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "locative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "mēlcě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vocative",
"source": "declension"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "melkò",
"ap": "b",
"n": "s"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/melko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard neuter o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic singularia tantum",
"Proto-Slavic terms with unknown etymologies",
"Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"Undetermined terms with quotations",
"sla-pro:Beverages"
],
"glosses": [
"milk"
],
"links": [
[
"milk",
"milk"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen",
"ru:Черных, Павел Яковлевич"
]
}
],
"word": "melko"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e268c0e and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.