See mastiff on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)meh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "mastif"
},
"expansion": "Middle English mastif",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "mestif"
},
"expansion": "Old French mestif",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "mastin"
},
"expansion": "Old French mastin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "mâtin"
},
"expansion": "French mâtin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*mansuetinus",
"4": "",
"5": "tamed (animal)"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *mansuetinus (“tamed (animal)”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "mansuetus",
"4": "",
"5": "tamed"
},
"expansion": "Latin mansuetus (“tamed”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English mastif, mastyf, an aberrant derivation (with influence from Old French mestif) from Old French mastin (modern French mâtin), from Vulgar Latin *mansuetinus (“tamed (animal)”), from Latin mansuetus (“tamed”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mastiffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mastives",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural"
]
}
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"2": "mastives",
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},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Dogs",
"orig": "en:Dogs",
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],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Dutch mastiff"
},
{
"word": "mastiff bat"
},
{
"word": "mini mastiff"
},
{
"word": "western mastiff bat"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1579, Plutarke of Chæronea [i.e., Plutarch], “The Life of Demosthenes”, in Thomas North, transl., The Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romaines, […], London: […] Richard Field, →OCLC, page 908:",
"text": "At which time, they wryte that Demoſthenes told the people of Athens, the fable of the ſheepe and woulues, how that the woulues came on a time, and willed the ſheepe, if they woulde haue peace with them, to deliuer them their maſtiues that kept them.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VIII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 302:",
"text": "As ſaluage Bull, whom two fierce maſtiues bayt, / When rancour doth with rage him once engore, / Forgets with wary warde them to awayt, / But with his dreadfull hornes them driues afore, / Or flings aloft or treades downe in the flore, / Breathing out wrath, and bellowing diſdaine, / That all the foreſt quakes to heare him rore: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1603 (first performance), Ben[jamin] Jonson, Seianus His Fall, London: […] G[eorge] Elld, for Thomas Thorpe, published 1605, →OCLC, Act V, signature [M4], verso:",
"text": "They fill’d the Capitoll, and Pompei’s Circke: / Where, like ſo many Maſtiues, biting ſtones, / As if his Statues novv vvere ſenſitiue / Of their vvild fury, firſt they teare them dovvne: / Then faſtning ropes, drag them along the ſtreetes, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vi]:",
"text": "Avaunt, you curs! Be thy mouth or black or white, Tooth that poisons if it bite; Mastiff, greyhound, mongrel grim, Hound or spaniel, brach or him.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1662 (indicated as 1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]. Canto III.”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678, →OCLC; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC, page 63:",
"text": "The conquering foe they soon assail’d; / First Trulla stav’d, and Cerdon tail’d, / Until their Mastives loos’d their hold: / And yet alas! do what they could, / The worsted Bear came off with store / Of bloudy wounds, but all before.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1725, Homer, “Book XIV”, in [Alexander Pope], transl., The Odyssey of Homer. […], volume III, London: […] Bernard Lintot, →OCLC, page 233:",
"text": "Soon as Ulyſſes near th’encloſure drew, / With open mouths the furious maſtives flew: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1843, Dante Alighieri, translated by John Dayman, The Inferno of Dante Alighieri, Translated in the Terza Rima of the Original, with Notes and Appendix, London: William Edward Painter, […], page 173:",
"text": "Her, who did erst the lengthened fight maintain, / And heaped the death-pile red with Prankish gore, / The Vert fangs now to vassalage constrain: / The mastives old and young, Verrucchio bore, / Who in their lawless rule Montagna slew, / Make their teeth augres where they wont of yore: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1896, Theodore Roosevelt, chapter 11, in Ranch Life and the Hunting-Trail, The Century Co.:",
"text": "The Mastiff is a good fighter, and can kill a wildcat, taking the necessary punishment well, as we found out when we once trapped one of these small lynxes.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1989, Bob Shacochis, “Les Femmes Creoles: A Fairy Tale”, in The Next New World, New York, N.Y.: Crown Publishers, Inc., →ISBN, page 22:",
"text": "Neither of them could say how many years it had been since the week-long poisoning epidemic, which first took their father’s bulls, then his mastives, then the man himself; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 November 19, Tom Phillips, “Argentina holds breath as far-right Milei seizes narrow runoff advantage”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:",
"text": "Milei’s allies reject his portrayal as an unbalanced powder keg, although they do not refute claims their leader takes counsel from his cloned mastiffs.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of an old breed of powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dogs, used chiefly as watchdogs and guard dogs."
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "molosser"
}
],
"id": "en-mastiff-en-noun-crwdynH8",
"links": [
[
"breed",
"breed"
],
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"watchdog",
"watchdog"
],
[
"guard dog",
"guard dog"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Mastiff"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "waghond"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "slagtershond"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "kettinghond"
},
{
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mostín"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "anglijski dog",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "английски дог"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastí"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "áo",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "獒"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "doga"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "mastiff"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "dogo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "mastiffi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dogue"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastín"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Dogge"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "mastiff",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מסטיף"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "masztiff"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "dogo"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "mastiff"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "maistín"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastino"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "masuchifu",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "マスチフ"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "masutifu",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "マスティフ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "canis villaticus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "canis Anglicus"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastifas"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "anjing mastif"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ryþþa"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "roþhund"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastif"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastiff"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastyf"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastim"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "dogue"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastif"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dog",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дог"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastín"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alano"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "dogo"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"english": "'dogs khyi",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "འདོགས་ཁྱི"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "mastif"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "doeg"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastiff"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"mastiff"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmæstɪf/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"UK"
]
}
],
"word": "mastiff"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "mastiffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "mastiff m (plural mastiffs)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Dogs",
"orig": "fr:Dogs",
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"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
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],
"glosses": [
"mastiff"
],
"id": "en-mastiff-fr-noun-bucZtuyL",
"links": [
[
"mastiff",
"mastiff#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "mastiff"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "mastiff"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from English mastiff",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "enm",
"3": "mastif, mastyf"
},
"expansion": "Middle English mastif, mastyf",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fro",
"3": "mastin"
},
"expansion": "Old French mastin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*mansuetinus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *mansuetinus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "mānsuētus"
},
"expansion": "Latin mānsuētus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from English mastiff, from Middle English mastif, mastyf, from Old French mastin, from Vulgar Latin *mansuetinus, from Latin mānsuētus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiff",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "mastiff m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"mas‧tiff"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "mastif"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Working dogs",
"orig": "pl:Working dogs",
"parents": [
"Dogs",
"Canids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "mastiffowy"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of mastif"
],
"id": "en-mastiff-pl-noun-y9rPNaof",
"links": [
[
"mastif",
"mastif#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmas.tif/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-astif"
}
],
"word": "mastiff"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "Dutch mastiff"
},
{
"word": "mastiff bat"
},
{
"word": "mini mastiff"
},
{
"word": "western mastiff bat"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)meh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "mastif"
},
"expansion": "Middle English mastif",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "mestif"
},
"expansion": "Old French mestif",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "mastin"
},
"expansion": "Old French mastin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "mâtin"
},
"expansion": "French mâtin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*mansuetinus",
"4": "",
"5": "tamed (animal)"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *mansuetinus (“tamed (animal)”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "mansuetus",
"4": "",
"5": "tamed"
},
"expansion": "Latin mansuetus (“tamed”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English mastif, mastyf, an aberrant derivation (with influence from Old French mestif) from Old French mastin (modern French mâtin), from Vulgar Latin *mansuetinus (“tamed (animal)”), from Latin mansuetus (“tamed”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mastiffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mastives",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+",
"2": "mastives",
"pl2qual": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "mastiff (plural mastiffs or (archaic) mastives)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "molosser"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)meh₂-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Aragonese translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Dogs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1579, Plutarke of Chæronea [i.e., Plutarch], “The Life of Demosthenes”, in Thomas North, transl., The Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romaines, […], London: […] Richard Field, →OCLC, page 908:",
"text": "At which time, they wryte that Demoſthenes told the people of Athens, the fable of the ſheepe and woulues, how that the woulues came on a time, and willed the ſheepe, if they woulde haue peace with them, to deliuer them their maſtiues that kept them.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VIII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 302:",
"text": "As ſaluage Bull, whom two fierce maſtiues bayt, / When rancour doth with rage him once engore, / Forgets with wary warde them to awayt, / But with his dreadfull hornes them driues afore, / Or flings aloft or treades downe in the flore, / Breathing out wrath, and bellowing diſdaine, / That all the foreſt quakes to heare him rore: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1603 (first performance), Ben[jamin] Jonson, Seianus His Fall, London: […] G[eorge] Elld, for Thomas Thorpe, published 1605, →OCLC, Act V, signature [M4], verso:",
"text": "They fill’d the Capitoll, and Pompei’s Circke: / Where, like ſo many Maſtiues, biting ſtones, / As if his Statues novv vvere ſenſitiue / Of their vvild fury, firſt they teare them dovvne: / Then faſtning ropes, drag them along the ſtreetes, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vi]:",
"text": "Avaunt, you curs! Be thy mouth or black or white, Tooth that poisons if it bite; Mastiff, greyhound, mongrel grim, Hound or spaniel, brach or him.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1662 (indicated as 1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]. Canto III.”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678, →OCLC; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC, page 63:",
"text": "The conquering foe they soon assail’d; / First Trulla stav’d, and Cerdon tail’d, / Until their Mastives loos’d their hold: / And yet alas! do what they could, / The worsted Bear came off with store / Of bloudy wounds, but all before.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1725, Homer, “Book XIV”, in [Alexander Pope], transl., The Odyssey of Homer. […], volume III, London: […] Bernard Lintot, →OCLC, page 233:",
"text": "Soon as Ulyſſes near th’encloſure drew, / With open mouths the furious maſtives flew: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1843, Dante Alighieri, translated by John Dayman, The Inferno of Dante Alighieri, Translated in the Terza Rima of the Original, with Notes and Appendix, London: William Edward Painter, […], page 173:",
"text": "Her, who did erst the lengthened fight maintain, / And heaped the death-pile red with Prankish gore, / The Vert fangs now to vassalage constrain: / The mastives old and young, Verrucchio bore, / Who in their lawless rule Montagna slew, / Make their teeth augres where they wont of yore: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1896, Theodore Roosevelt, chapter 11, in Ranch Life and the Hunting-Trail, The Century Co.:",
"text": "The Mastiff is a good fighter, and can kill a wildcat, taking the necessary punishment well, as we found out when we once trapped one of these small lynxes.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1989, Bob Shacochis, “Les Femmes Creoles: A Fairy Tale”, in The Next New World, New York, N.Y.: Crown Publishers, Inc., →ISBN, page 22:",
"text": "Neither of them could say how many years it had been since the week-long poisoning epidemic, which first took their father’s bulls, then his mastives, then the man himself; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 November 19, Tom Phillips, “Argentina holds breath as far-right Milei seizes narrow runoff advantage”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:",
"text": "Milei’s allies reject his portrayal as an unbalanced powder keg, although they do not refute claims their leader takes counsel from his cloned mastiffs.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of an old breed of powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dogs, used chiefly as watchdogs and guard dogs."
],
"links": [
[
"breed",
"breed"
],
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"watchdog",
"watchdog"
],
[
"guard dog",
"guard dog"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"mastiff"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmæstɪf/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"UK"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Mastiff"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "waghond"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "slagtershond"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "kettinghond"
},
{
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mostín"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "anglijski dog",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "английски дог"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastí"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "áo",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "獒"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "doga"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "mastiff"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "dogo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "mastiffi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dogue"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastín"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Dogge"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "mastiff",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מסטיף"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "masztiff"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "dogo"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "mastiff"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "maistín"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastino"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "masuchifu",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "マスチフ"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "masutifu",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "マスティフ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "canis villaticus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "canis Anglicus"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastifas"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "anjing mastif"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ryþþa"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "roþhund"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastif"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastiff"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastyf"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastim"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "dogue"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastif"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dog",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дог"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastín"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alano"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "dogo"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"english": "'dogs khyi",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "འདོགས་ཁྱི"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "mastif"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"word": "doeg"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "powerful, deep-chested, and smooth-coated dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mastiff"
}
],
"word": "mastiff"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "mastiffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "mastiff m (plural mastiffs)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"fr:Dogs"
],
"glosses": [
"mastiff"
],
"links": [
[
"mastiff",
"mastiff#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "mastiff"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "mastiffowy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "mastiff"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from English mastiff",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "enm",
"3": "mastif, mastyf"
},
"expansion": "Middle English mastif, mastyf",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fro",
"3": "mastin"
},
"expansion": "Old French mastin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*mansuetinus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *mansuetinus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "mānsuētus"
},
"expansion": "Latin mānsuētus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from English mastiff, from Middle English mastif, mastyf, from Old French mastin, from Vulgar Latin *mansuetinus, from Latin mānsuētus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiff",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mastiffy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "mastiff m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"mas‧tiff"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "mastif"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from English",
"Polish terms derived from English",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Middle English",
"Polish terms derived from Old French",
"Polish terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish unadapted borrowings from English",
"Rhymes:Polish/astif",
"Rhymes:Polish/astif/2 syllables",
"pl:Working dogs"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of mastif"
],
"links": [
[
"mastif",
"mastif#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmas.tif/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-astif"
}
],
"word": "mastiff"
}
Download raw JSONL data for mastiff meaning in All languages combined (17.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.