See ljúga on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "það er ekki á hann logið",
"word": "ekki á logið"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ljúga að"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ljúga eins og maður er langur til"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ljúga í"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ljúga í eyðurnar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ljúga í opin augu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ljúga í skörðin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ljúga sig út úr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ljúga til um"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ljúga upp á"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ljúga upp í opið geðið á"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "ljúga",
"4": "",
"5": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ljúga (“to lie”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*leuganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leuganą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewgʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse ljúga (“to lie”), from Proto-Germanic *leuganą, from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "laug",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lugu",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "logið",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "loginn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "login",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "login",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "loginn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "login",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loginni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "logins",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loginnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logins",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loginna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "loginna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "loginna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "logni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"10": "logið",
"2": "verb",
"3": "strong verb",
"4": "",
"5": "third-person singular past indicative",
"6": "laug",
"7": "third-person plural past indicative",
"8": "lugu",
"9": "supine",
"cat2": "strong verbs",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ljúga (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative laug, third-person plural past indicative lugu, supine logið)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lygi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lygari"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Do not lie to each other, since you have taken off your old self with its practices.",
"roman": "Ljúgið ekki hver að öðrum, því þér hafið afklæðst hinum gamla manni með gjörðum hans.",
"text": "Colossians 3:9",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
13,
18
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
9
]
],
"english": "She's always lying to me.",
"text": "Hún lýgur alltaf að mér.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"english": "Are you lying?",
"text": "Ertu að ljúga?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"english": "To lie about one's name.",
"text": "Að ljúga til nafns.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"english": "She lied to him about being unmarried.",
"text": "Hún laug því að honum að hún væri ógift.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
32,
35
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
32
]
],
"english": "I own thirteen cars. — That's a lie!",
"text": "Ég er á þrettán bíla. — Þú lýgur því!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
5,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
38,
43
]
],
"english": "He's lying about having a car.",
"text": "Hann lýgur því að hann eigi bíl.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie, to tell lies [about something]"
],
"id": "en-ljúga-is-verb-i9oQ5SDC",
"links": [
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"lies",
"lies"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to lie, to tell lies [about something] [intransitive or with dative]"
],
"tags": [
"strong",
"verb"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 89 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 82 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 89 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
33,
37
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
25
]
],
"english": "Politicians have filled you with lies!",
"text": "Stjórnmálamenn hafa logið þig fullan!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie to someone, to tell lies to someone"
],
"id": "en-ljúga-is-verb-XTn8cdTX",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"lies",
"lies"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to lie to someone, to tell lies to someone [with accusative]"
],
"tags": [
"strong",
"verb"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to lie about something, to tell lies about something"
],
"id": "en-ljúga-is-verb-65xLCqoR",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "dat"
},
"expansion": "[with dative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"lies",
"lies"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to lie about something, to tell lies about something [with dative]"
],
"tags": [
"strong",
"verb"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈljuːa/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːa"
}
],
"word": "ljúga"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ljúga"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: ljúga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: ljúga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "lúgva",
"3": "ljúgva"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: lúgva, ljúgva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: lúgva, ljúgva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "ljuga",
"3": "lyga"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: ljuga, lyga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: ljuga, lyga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "ljuge",
"3": "lyge",
"4": "juge"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: ljuge, lyge, juge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: ljuge, lyge, juge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "liuoga"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian: liuoga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Elfdalian: liuoga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "liūgha"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: liūgha\nSwedish: ljuga",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: liūgha\nSwedish: ljuga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "liughæ",
"3": "lyffuæ",
"4": "liffuæ"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: liughæ, lyffuæ, liffuæ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: liughæ, lyffuæ, liffuæ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "lyve"
},
"expansion": "Danish: lyve\nNorwegian Bokmål: lyve",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Danish: lyve\nNorwegian Bokmål: lyve"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-scy",
"2": "ljuğa"
},
"expansion": "Scanian: ljuğa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scanian: ljuğa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-gut",
"2": "ljauge"
},
"expansion": "Gutnish: ljauge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gutnish: ljauge"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*leuganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leuganą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lēoġan"
},
"expansion": "Old English lēoġan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lie"
},
"expansion": "English lie",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "liogan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon liogan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "liegen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch liegen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "liogan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German liogan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lügen"
},
"expansion": "German lügen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽 (liugan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewgʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "lūgoti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian lūgoti",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *leuganą. Cognates with Old English lēoġan (Modern English lie), Old Saxon liogan, Dutch liegen, Old High German liogan (German lügen), Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽 (liugan). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-. Indo-European cognates include Lithuanian lūgoti.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-cell",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúga",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "loginn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lýg",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ló",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laug",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúga",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lyga",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lýgr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lótt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laugt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lygir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lýgr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ló",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "laug",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lygi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lugum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lygim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "luguð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lygið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúga",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lugu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lygi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúg",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-cell",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgask",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgandisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "logizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lugumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lygumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lýgsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lózk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laugzk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lygisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lýgsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lósk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "laugsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lygisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgumsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lugumsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgimsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lygimsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "luguzk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lygizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgask",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lugusk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lygisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pp2}}}",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{spast2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{2}}}",
"9": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "ljúga",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ljúga",
"name": "non-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúga",
"2": "infinitive",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgandi",
"2": "pres_part",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loginn",
"2": "past_part",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lýg",
"2": "pres_ind_1sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ló, laug",
"2": "past_ind_1sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúga",
"2": "pres_sub_1sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lyga",
"2": "past_sub_1sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lýgr",
"2": "pres_ind_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lótt, laugt",
"2": "past_ind_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgir",
"2": "pres_sub_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygir",
"2": "past_sub_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lýgr",
"2": "pres_ind_3sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ló, laug",
"2": "past_ind_3sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgi",
"2": "pres_sub_3sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygi",
"2": "past_sub_3sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgum",
"2": "pres_ind_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lugum",
"2": "past_ind_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgim",
"2": "pres_sub_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygim",
"2": "past_sub_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgið",
"2": "pres_ind_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "luguð",
"2": "past_ind_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgið",
"2": "pres_sub_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygið",
"2": "past_sub_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúga",
"2": "pres_ind_3pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lugu",
"2": "past_ind_3pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgi",
"2": "pres_sub_3pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygi",
"2": "past_sub_3pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúg",
"2": "impr_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgum",
"2": "impr_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgið",
"2": "impr_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgask",
"2": "infinitive",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgandisk",
"2": "pres_part",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "logizk",
"2": "past_part",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgumk",
"2": "pres_ind_1sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lugumk",
"2": "past_ind_1sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgumk",
"2": "pres_sub_1sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygumk",
"2": "past_sub_1sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lýgsk",
"2": "pres_ind_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lózk, laugzk",
"2": "past_ind_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgisk",
"2": "pres_sub_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygisk",
"2": "past_sub_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lýgsk",
"2": "pres_ind_3sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lósk, laugsk",
"2": "past_ind_3sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgisk",
"2": "pres_sub_3sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygisk",
"2": "past_sub_3sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgumsk",
"2": "pres_ind_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lugumsk",
"2": "past_ind_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgimsk",
"2": "pres_sub_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygimsk",
"2": "past_sub_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgizk",
"2": "pres_ind_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "luguzk",
"2": "past_ind_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgizk",
"2": "pres_sub_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygizk",
"2": "past_sub_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgask",
"2": "pres_ind_3pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lugusk",
"2": "past_ind_3pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgisk",
"2": "pres_sub_3pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygisk",
"2": "past_sub_3pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgsk",
"2": "impr_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgumsk",
"2": "impr_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgizk",
"2": "impr_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie, to tell lies"
],
"id": "en-ljúga-non-verb-S09--TVH",
"links": [
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"lies",
"lies"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ljúga"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic class 2 strong verbs",
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic strong verbs",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/uːa",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/uːa/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "það er ekki á hann logið",
"word": "ekki á logið"
},
{
"word": "ljúga að"
},
{
"word": "ljúga eins og maður er langur til"
},
{
"word": "ljúga í"
},
{
"word": "ljúga í eyðurnar"
},
{
"word": "ljúga í opin augu"
},
{
"word": "ljúga í skörðin"
},
{
"word": "ljúga sig út úr"
},
{
"word": "ljúga til um"
},
{
"word": "ljúga upp á"
},
{
"word": "ljúga upp í opið geðið á"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "ljúga",
"4": "",
"5": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ljúga (“to lie”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*leuganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leuganą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewgʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse ljúga (“to lie”), from Proto-Germanic *leuganą, from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "laug",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lugu",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "logið",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "loginn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "login",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "login",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "loginn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "login",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loginni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "logins",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loginnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logins",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loginna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "loginna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "loginna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "logni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "logna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lognu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"10": "logið",
"2": "verb",
"3": "strong verb",
"4": "",
"5": "third-person singular past indicative",
"6": "laug",
"7": "third-person plural past indicative",
"8": "lugu",
"9": "supine",
"cat2": "strong verbs",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ljúga (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative laug, third-person plural past indicative lugu, supine logið)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "lygi"
},
{
"word": "lygari"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic terms with quotations",
"Icelandic terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Do not lie to each other, since you have taken off your old self with its practices.",
"roman": "Ljúgið ekki hver að öðrum, því þér hafið afklæðst hinum gamla manni með gjörðum hans.",
"text": "Colossians 3:9",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
13,
18
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
9
]
],
"english": "She's always lying to me.",
"text": "Hún lýgur alltaf að mér.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"english": "Are you lying?",
"text": "Ertu að ljúga?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"english": "To lie about one's name.",
"text": "Að ljúga til nafns.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"english": "She lied to him about being unmarried.",
"text": "Hún laug því að honum að hún væri ógift.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
32,
35
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
32
]
],
"english": "I own thirteen cars. — That's a lie!",
"text": "Ég er á þrettán bíla. — Þú lýgur því!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
5,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
38,
43
]
],
"english": "He's lying about having a car.",
"text": "Hann lýgur því að hann eigi bíl.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie, to tell lies [about something]"
],
"links": [
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"lies",
"lies"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to lie, to tell lies [about something] [intransitive or with dative]"
],
"tags": [
"strong",
"verb"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
33,
37
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
25
]
],
"english": "Politicians have filled you with lies!",
"text": "Stjórnmálamenn hafa logið þig fullan!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie to someone, to tell lies to someone"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"lies",
"lies"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to lie to someone, to tell lies to someone [with accusative]"
],
"tags": [
"strong",
"verb"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to lie about something, to tell lies about something"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "dat"
},
"expansion": "[with dative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"lies",
"lies"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to lie about something, to tell lies about something [with dative]"
],
"tags": [
"strong",
"verb"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈljuːa/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːa"
}
],
"word": "ljúga"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ljúga"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: ljúga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: ljúga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "lúgva",
"3": "ljúgva"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: lúgva, ljúgva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: lúgva, ljúgva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "ljuga",
"3": "lyga"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: ljuga, lyga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: ljuga, lyga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "ljuge",
"3": "lyge",
"4": "juge"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: ljuge, lyge, juge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: ljuge, lyge, juge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "liuoga"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian: liuoga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Elfdalian: liuoga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "liūgha"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: liūgha\nSwedish: ljuga",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: liūgha\nSwedish: ljuga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "liughæ",
"3": "lyffuæ",
"4": "liffuæ"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: liughæ, lyffuæ, liffuæ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: liughæ, lyffuæ, liffuæ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "lyve"
},
"expansion": "Danish: lyve\nNorwegian Bokmål: lyve",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Danish: lyve\nNorwegian Bokmål: lyve"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-scy",
"2": "ljuğa"
},
"expansion": "Scanian: ljuğa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scanian: ljuğa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-gut",
"2": "ljauge"
},
"expansion": "Gutnish: ljauge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gutnish: ljauge"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*leuganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leuganą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lēoġan"
},
"expansion": "Old English lēoġan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lie"
},
"expansion": "English lie",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "liogan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon liogan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "liegen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch liegen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "liogan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German liogan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lügen"
},
"expansion": "German lügen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽 (liugan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewgʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "lūgoti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian lūgoti",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *leuganą. Cognates with Old English lēoġan (Modern English lie), Old Saxon liogan, Dutch liegen, Old High German liogan (German lügen), Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽 (liugan). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-. Indo-European cognates include Lithuanian lūgoti.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-cell",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúga",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "loginn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lýg",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ló",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laug",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúga",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lyga",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lýgr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lótt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laugt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lygir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lýgr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ló",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "laug",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lygi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lugum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lygim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "luguð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lygið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúga",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lugu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lygi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúg",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-cell",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgask",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgandisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "logizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lugumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lygumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lýgsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lózk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laugzk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lygisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lýgsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lósk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "laugsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lygisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgumsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lugumsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgimsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lygimsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "luguzk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lygizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgask",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lugusk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lygisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljúgsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pp2}}}",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{spast2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{2}}}",
"9": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "ljúga",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ljúga",
"name": "non-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúga",
"2": "infinitive",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgandi",
"2": "pres_part",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loginn",
"2": "past_part",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lýg",
"2": "pres_ind_1sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ló, laug",
"2": "past_ind_1sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúga",
"2": "pres_sub_1sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lyga",
"2": "past_sub_1sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lýgr",
"2": "pres_ind_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lótt, laugt",
"2": "past_ind_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgir",
"2": "pres_sub_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygir",
"2": "past_sub_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lýgr",
"2": "pres_ind_3sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ló, laug",
"2": "past_ind_3sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgi",
"2": "pres_sub_3sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygi",
"2": "past_sub_3sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgum",
"2": "pres_ind_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lugum",
"2": "past_ind_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgim",
"2": "pres_sub_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygim",
"2": "past_sub_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgið",
"2": "pres_ind_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "luguð",
"2": "past_ind_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgið",
"2": "pres_sub_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygið",
"2": "past_sub_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúga",
"2": "pres_ind_3pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lugu",
"2": "past_ind_3pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgi",
"2": "pres_sub_3pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygi",
"2": "past_sub_3pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúg",
"2": "impr_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgum",
"2": "impr_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgið",
"2": "impr_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgask",
"2": "infinitive",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgandisk",
"2": "pres_part",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "logizk",
"2": "past_part",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgumk",
"2": "pres_ind_1sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lugumk",
"2": "past_ind_1sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgumk",
"2": "pres_sub_1sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygumk",
"2": "past_sub_1sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lýgsk",
"2": "pres_ind_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lózk, laugzk",
"2": "past_ind_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgisk",
"2": "pres_sub_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygisk",
"2": "past_sub_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lýgsk",
"2": "pres_ind_3sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lósk, laugsk",
"2": "past_ind_3sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgisk",
"2": "pres_sub_3sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygisk",
"2": "past_sub_3sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgumsk",
"2": "pres_ind_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lugumsk",
"2": "past_ind_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgimsk",
"2": "pres_sub_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygimsk",
"2": "past_sub_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgizk",
"2": "pres_ind_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "luguzk",
"2": "past_ind_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgizk",
"2": "pres_sub_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygizk",
"2": "past_sub_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgask",
"2": "pres_ind_3pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lugusk",
"2": "past_ind_3pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgisk",
"2": "pres_sub_3pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lygisk",
"2": "past_sub_3pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgsk",
"2": "impr_2sg",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgumsk",
"2": "impr_1pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ljúgizk",
"2": "impr_2pl",
"3": "{{{mode}}}"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse class 2 strong verbs",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to lie, to tell lies"
],
"links": [
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"lies",
"lies"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ljúga"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ljúga meaning in All languages combined (24.9kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"ljúga"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ljúga",
"trace": "started on line 4, detected on line 4"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
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],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ljúga",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 4"
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{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
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"path": [
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],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "verb",
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"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "info_templates/78",
"msg": "INFO-TEMPLATES: `Template:+obj` expansion does not match regex: [intransitive or with dative]",
"path": [
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],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ljúga",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1896",
"msg": "Template nesting error: template_nesting = 60 couldn't split inflection templates, ljúga/Old Norse section conjugation",
"path": [
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],
"section": "Old Norse",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ljúga",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (74c5344 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.