See ljúga in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "ljúga" }, "expansion": "Icelandic: ljúga", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Icelandic: ljúga" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fo", "2": "lúgva", "3": "ljúgva" }, "expansion": "Faroese: lúgva, ljúgva", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Faroese: lúgva, ljúgva" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nn", "2": "ljuga", "3": "lyga" }, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: ljuga, lyga", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: ljuga, lyga" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nb", "2": "ljuge", "3": "lyge", "4": "juge" }, "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: ljuge, lyge, juge", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: ljuge, lyge, juge" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ovd", "2": "liuoga" }, "expansion": "Elfdalian: liuoga", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Elfdalian: liuoga" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-osw", "2": "liūgha" }, "expansion": "Old Swedish: liūgha\nSwedish: ljuga", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Old Swedish: liūgha\nSwedish: ljuga" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-oda", "2": "liughæ", "3": "lyffuæ", "4": "liffuæ" }, "expansion": "Old Danish: liughæ, lyffuæ, liffuæ", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Danish: liughæ, lyffuæ, liffuæ" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "da", "2": "lyve" }, "expansion": "Danish: lyve\nNorwegian Bokmål: lyve", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Danish: lyve\nNorwegian Bokmål: lyve" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-scy", "2": "ljuğa" }, "expansion": "Scanian: ljuğa", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Scanian: ljuğa" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-gut", "2": "ljauge" }, "expansion": "Gutnish: ljauge", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Gutnish: ljauge" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*leuganą" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leuganą", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "lēoġan" }, "expansion": "Old English lēoġan", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "lie" }, "expansion": "English lie", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "liogan" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon liogan", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "liegen" }, "expansion": "Dutch liegen", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "liogan" }, "expansion": "Old High German liogan", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "lügen" }, "expansion": "German lügen", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "got", "2": "𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽" }, "expansion": "Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽 (liugan)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*lewgʰ-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "lt", "2": "lūgoti" }, "expansion": "Lithuanian lūgoti", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *leuganą. Cognates with Old English lēoġan (Modern English lie), Old Saxon liogan, Dutch liegen, Old High German liogan (German lügen), Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽 (liugan). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-. Indo-European cognates include Lithuanian lūgoti.", "forms": [ { "form": "strong", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "non-conj-strong-ga", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "2", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "ljúga", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "ljúgandi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "loginn", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "lýg", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "ló", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "laug", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lýgr", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lótt", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "laugt", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lýgr", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ló", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "laug", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúgum", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "lugum", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "ljúgið", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "luguð", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúga", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lugu", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúga", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lyga", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "ljúgir", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lygir", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "ljúgi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lygi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúgim", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "lygim", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "lygið", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúgi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lygi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúg", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "strong", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "non-conj-strong-ga", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "2", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "ljúgask", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "ljúgandisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "logizk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "ljúgumk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lugumk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lýgsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lózk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "laugzk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lýgsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lósk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "laugsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúgumsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "lugumsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "ljúgizk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "luguzk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúgask", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lugusk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lygumk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "ljúgisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lygisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "ljúgisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lygisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúgimsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "lygimsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "lygizk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúgisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lygisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúgsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "10": "{{{ppast2}}}", "11": "", "12": "{{{ppast3}}}", "13": "", "14": "{{{3}}}", "15": "", "16": "{{{pp2}}}", "2": "verb", "3": "", "4": "{{{1}}}", "5": "", "6": "{{{spast2}}}", "7": "", "8": "{{{2}}}", "9": "", "head": "", "tr": "" }, "expansion": "ljúga", "name": "head" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "ljúga", "name": "non-verb" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ljúg", "1i": "lýg", "2": "ló", "2g": "laug", "3": "lug", "3i": "lyg", "4": "log", "class": "2" }, "name": "non-conj-strong-ga" }, { "args": { "impr_1pl": "ljúgum", "impr_2pl": "ljúgið", "impr_2sg": "ljúg", "infinitive": "ljúga", "past_ind_1pl": "lugum", "past_ind_1sg": "ló, laug", "past_ind_2pl": "luguð", "past_ind_2sg": "lótt, laugt", "past_ind_3pl": "lugu", "past_ind_3sg": "ló, laug", "past_part": "loginn", "past_sub_1pl": "lygim", "past_sub_1sg": "lyga", "past_sub_2pl": "lygið", "past_sub_2sg": "lygir", "past_sub_3pl": "lygi", "past_sub_3sg": "lygi", "pres_ind_1pl": "ljúgum", "pres_ind_1sg": "lýg", "pres_ind_2pl": "ljúgið", "pres_ind_2sg": "lýgr", "pres_ind_3pl": "ljúga", "pres_ind_3sg": "lýgr", "pres_part": "ljúgandi", "pres_sub_1pl": "ljúgim", "pres_sub_1sg": "ljúga", "pres_sub_2pl": "ljúgið", "pres_sub_2sg": "ljúgir", "pres_sub_3pl": "ljúgi", "pres_sub_3sg": "ljúgi", "title": "Conjugation of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"non\">ljúga</i> — active (strong class 2)" }, "name": "non-conj-table" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúga", "2": "infinitive", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgandi", "2": "pres_part", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "loginn", "2": "past_part", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lýg", "2": "pres_ind_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ló, laug", "2": "past_ind_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lýgr", "2": "pres_ind_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lótt, laugt", "2": "past_ind_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lýgr", "2": "pres_ind_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ló, laug", "2": "past_ind_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgum", "2": "pres_ind_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lugum", "2": "past_ind_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgið", "2": "pres_ind_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "luguð", "2": "past_ind_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúga", "2": "pres_ind_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lugu", "2": "past_ind_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúga", "2": "pres_sub_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lyga", "2": "past_sub_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgir", "2": "pres_sub_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygir", "2": "past_sub_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgi", "2": "pres_sub_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygi", "2": "past_sub_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgim", "2": "pres_sub_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygim", "2": "past_sub_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgið", "2": "pres_sub_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygið", "2": "past_sub_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgi", "2": "pres_sub_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygi", "2": "past_sub_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúg", "2": "impr_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgum", "2": "impr_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgið", "2": "impr_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "impr_1pl": "ljúgumsk", "impr_2pl": "ljúgizk", "impr_2sg": "ljúgsk", "infinitive": "ljúgask", "past_ind_1pl": "lugumsk", "past_ind_1sg": "lugumk", "past_ind_2pl": "luguzk", "past_ind_2sg": "lózk, laugzk", "past_ind_3pl": "lugusk", "past_ind_3sg": "lósk, laugsk", "past_part": "logizk", "past_sub_1pl": "lygimsk", "past_sub_1sg": "lygumk", "past_sub_2pl": "lygizk", "past_sub_2sg": "lygisk", "past_sub_3pl": "lygisk", "past_sub_3sg": "lygisk", "pres_ind_1pl": "ljúgumsk", "pres_ind_1sg": "ljúgumk", "pres_ind_2pl": "ljúgizk", "pres_ind_2sg": "lýgsk", "pres_ind_3pl": "ljúgask", "pres_ind_3sg": "lýgsk", "pres_part": "ljúgandisk", "pres_sub_1pl": "ljúgimsk", "pres_sub_1sg": "ljúgumk", "pres_sub_2pl": "ljúgizk", "pres_sub_2sg": "ljúgisk", "pres_sub_3pl": "ljúgisk", "pres_sub_3sg": "ljúgisk", "title": "Conjugation of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"non\">ljúga</i> — mediopassive (strong class 2)" }, "name": "non-conj-table" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgask", "2": "infinitive", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgandisk", "2": "pres_part", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "logizk", "2": "past_part", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgumk", "2": "pres_ind_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lugumk", "2": "past_ind_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lýgsk", "2": "pres_ind_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lózk, laugzk", "2": "past_ind_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lýgsk", "2": "pres_ind_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lósk, laugsk", "2": "past_ind_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgumsk", "2": "pres_ind_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lugumsk", "2": "past_ind_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgizk", "2": "pres_ind_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "luguzk", "2": "past_ind_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgask", "2": "pres_ind_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lugusk", "2": "past_ind_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgumk", "2": "pres_sub_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygumk", "2": "past_sub_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgisk", "2": "pres_sub_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygisk", "2": "past_sub_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgisk", "2": "pres_sub_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygisk", "2": "past_sub_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgimsk", "2": "pres_sub_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygimsk", "2": "past_sub_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgizk", "2": "pres_sub_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygizk", "2": "past_sub_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgisk", "2": "pres_sub_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygisk", "2": "past_sub_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgsk", "2": "impr_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgumsk", "2": "impr_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgizk", "2": "impr_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" } ], "lang": "Old Norse", "lang_code": "non", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "to lie, to tell lies" ], "id": "en-ljúga-non-verb-S09--TVH", "links": [ [ "lie", "lie" ], [ "lies", "lies" ] ] } ], "word": "ljúga" }
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "ljúga" }, "expansion": "Icelandic: ljúga", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Icelandic: ljúga" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fo", "2": "lúgva", "3": "ljúgva" }, "expansion": "Faroese: lúgva, ljúgva", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Faroese: lúgva, ljúgva" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nn", "2": "ljuga", "3": "lyga" }, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: ljuga, lyga", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: ljuga, lyga" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nb", "2": "ljuge", "3": "lyge", "4": "juge" }, "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: ljuge, lyge, juge", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: ljuge, lyge, juge" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ovd", "2": "liuoga" }, "expansion": "Elfdalian: liuoga", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Elfdalian: liuoga" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-osw", "2": "liūgha" }, "expansion": "Old Swedish: liūgha\nSwedish: ljuga", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Old Swedish: liūgha\nSwedish: ljuga" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-oda", "2": "liughæ", "3": "lyffuæ", "4": "liffuæ" }, "expansion": "Old Danish: liughæ, lyffuæ, liffuæ", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Danish: liughæ, lyffuæ, liffuæ" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "da", "2": "lyve" }, "expansion": "Danish: lyve\nNorwegian Bokmål: lyve", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Danish: lyve\nNorwegian Bokmål: lyve" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-scy", "2": "ljuğa" }, "expansion": "Scanian: ljuğa", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Scanian: ljuğa" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-gut", "2": "ljauge" }, "expansion": "Gutnish: ljauge", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Gutnish: ljauge" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*leuganą" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leuganą", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "lēoġan" }, "expansion": "Old English lēoġan", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "lie" }, "expansion": "English lie", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "liogan" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon liogan", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "liegen" }, "expansion": "Dutch liegen", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "liogan" }, "expansion": "Old High German liogan", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "lügen" }, "expansion": "German lügen", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "got", "2": "𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽" }, "expansion": "Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽 (liugan)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*lewgʰ-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "lt", "2": "lūgoti" }, "expansion": "Lithuanian lūgoti", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *leuganą. Cognates with Old English lēoġan (Modern English lie), Old Saxon liogan, Dutch liegen, Old High German liogan (German lügen), Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽 (liugan). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-. Indo-European cognates include Lithuanian lūgoti.", "forms": [ { "form": "strong", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "non-conj-strong-ga", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "2", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "ljúga", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "ljúgandi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "loginn", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "lýg", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "ló", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "laug", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lýgr", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lótt", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "laugt", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lýgr", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ló", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "laug", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúgum", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "lugum", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "ljúgið", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "luguð", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúga", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lugu", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúga", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lyga", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "ljúgir", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lygir", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "ljúgi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lygi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúgim", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "lygim", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "lygið", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúgi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lygi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúg", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "strong", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "non-conj-strong-ga", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "2", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "ljúgask", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "ljúgandisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "logizk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "ljúgumk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lugumk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lýgsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lózk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "laugzk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lýgsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lósk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "laugsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúgumsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "lugumsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "ljúgizk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "luguzk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúgask", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lugusk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lygumk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "ljúgisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lygisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "ljúgisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lygisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúgimsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "lygimsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "lygizk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúgisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lygisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ljúgsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "10": "{{{ppast2}}}", "11": "", "12": "{{{ppast3}}}", "13": "", "14": "{{{3}}}", "15": "", "16": "{{{pp2}}}", "2": "verb", "3": "", "4": "{{{1}}}", "5": "", "6": "{{{spast2}}}", "7": "", "8": "{{{2}}}", "9": "", "head": "", "tr": "" }, "expansion": "ljúga", "name": "head" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "ljúga", "name": "non-verb" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ljúg", "1i": "lýg", "2": "ló", "2g": "laug", "3": "lug", "3i": "lyg", "4": "log", "class": "2" }, "name": "non-conj-strong-ga" }, { "args": { "impr_1pl": "ljúgum", "impr_2pl": "ljúgið", "impr_2sg": "ljúg", "infinitive": "ljúga", "past_ind_1pl": "lugum", "past_ind_1sg": "ló, laug", "past_ind_2pl": "luguð", "past_ind_2sg": "lótt, laugt", "past_ind_3pl": "lugu", "past_ind_3sg": "ló, laug", "past_part": "loginn", "past_sub_1pl": "lygim", "past_sub_1sg": "lyga", "past_sub_2pl": "lygið", "past_sub_2sg": "lygir", "past_sub_3pl": "lygi", "past_sub_3sg": "lygi", "pres_ind_1pl": "ljúgum", "pres_ind_1sg": "lýg", "pres_ind_2pl": "ljúgið", "pres_ind_2sg": "lýgr", "pres_ind_3pl": "ljúga", "pres_ind_3sg": "lýgr", "pres_part": "ljúgandi", "pres_sub_1pl": "ljúgim", "pres_sub_1sg": "ljúga", "pres_sub_2pl": "ljúgið", "pres_sub_2sg": "ljúgir", "pres_sub_3pl": "ljúgi", "pres_sub_3sg": "ljúgi", "title": "Conjugation of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"non\">ljúga</i> — active (strong class 2)" }, "name": "non-conj-table" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúga", "2": "infinitive", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgandi", "2": "pres_part", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "loginn", "2": "past_part", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lýg", "2": "pres_ind_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ló, laug", "2": "past_ind_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lýgr", "2": "pres_ind_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lótt, laugt", "2": "past_ind_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lýgr", "2": "pres_ind_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ló, laug", "2": "past_ind_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgum", "2": "pres_ind_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lugum", "2": "past_ind_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgið", "2": "pres_ind_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "luguð", "2": "past_ind_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúga", "2": "pres_ind_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lugu", "2": "past_ind_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúga", "2": "pres_sub_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lyga", "2": "past_sub_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgir", "2": "pres_sub_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygir", "2": "past_sub_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgi", "2": "pres_sub_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygi", "2": "past_sub_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgim", "2": "pres_sub_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygim", "2": "past_sub_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgið", "2": "pres_sub_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygið", "2": "past_sub_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgi", "2": "pres_sub_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygi", "2": "past_sub_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúg", "2": "impr_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgum", "2": "impr_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgið", "2": "impr_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "impr_1pl": "ljúgumsk", "impr_2pl": "ljúgizk", "impr_2sg": "ljúgsk", "infinitive": "ljúgask", "past_ind_1pl": "lugumsk", "past_ind_1sg": "lugumk", "past_ind_2pl": "luguzk", "past_ind_2sg": "lózk, laugzk", "past_ind_3pl": "lugusk", "past_ind_3sg": "lósk, laugsk", "past_part": "logizk", "past_sub_1pl": "lygimsk", "past_sub_1sg": "lygumk", "past_sub_2pl": "lygizk", "past_sub_2sg": "lygisk", "past_sub_3pl": "lygisk", "past_sub_3sg": "lygisk", "pres_ind_1pl": "ljúgumsk", "pres_ind_1sg": "ljúgumk", "pres_ind_2pl": "ljúgizk", "pres_ind_2sg": "lýgsk", "pres_ind_3pl": "ljúgask", "pres_ind_3sg": "lýgsk", "pres_part": "ljúgandisk", "pres_sub_1pl": "ljúgimsk", "pres_sub_1sg": "ljúgumk", "pres_sub_2pl": "ljúgizk", "pres_sub_2sg": "ljúgisk", "pres_sub_3pl": "ljúgisk", "pres_sub_3sg": "ljúgisk", "title": "Conjugation of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"non\">ljúga</i> — mediopassive (strong class 2)" }, "name": "non-conj-table" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgask", "2": "infinitive", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgandisk", "2": "pres_part", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "logizk", "2": "past_part", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgumk", "2": "pres_ind_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lugumk", "2": "past_ind_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lýgsk", "2": "pres_ind_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lózk, laugzk", "2": "past_ind_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lýgsk", "2": "pres_ind_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lósk, laugsk", "2": "past_ind_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgumsk", "2": "pres_ind_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lugumsk", "2": "past_ind_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgizk", "2": "pres_ind_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "luguzk", "2": "past_ind_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgask", "2": "pres_ind_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lugusk", "2": "past_ind_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgumk", "2": "pres_sub_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygumk", "2": "past_sub_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgisk", "2": "pres_sub_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygisk", "2": "past_sub_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgisk", "2": "pres_sub_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygisk", "2": "past_sub_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgimsk", "2": "pres_sub_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygimsk", "2": "past_sub_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgizk", "2": "pres_sub_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygizk", "2": "past_sub_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgisk", "2": "pres_sub_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lygisk", "2": "past_sub_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgsk", "2": "impr_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgumsk", "2": "impr_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ljúgizk", "2": "impr_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" } ], "lang": "Old Norse", "lang_code": "non", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Old Norse class 2 strong verbs", "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header", "Old Norse lemmas", "Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "Old Norse verbs", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "glosses": [ "to lie, to tell lies" ], "links": [ [ "lie", "lie" ], [ "lies", "lies" ] ] } ], "word": "ljúga" }
Download raw JSONL data for ljúga meaning in Old Norse (16.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Norse dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.