See lūpa on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "*lūp-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic *lūp-",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewp-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewp-",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "lū́pa"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian lū́pa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "lubbe",
"3": "",
"4": "thick, puckered lip(s)"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German lubbe (“thick, puckered lip(s)”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the same stem as the verbs lupt (“to peel, to come off”), lupināt (“to peel (tr.)”): Proto-Baltic *lūp-, *lup-, from Proto-Indo-European *lewp-, *lūp-, *lup- (“to pare, to peel, to break off”). The meaning evolved from “peeled off; puckered” to “puckered lips” and then simly “lips.” Cognates include Lithuanian lū́pa, Middle High German lubbe (“thick, puckered lip(s)”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-4",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "4th declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "lūpa f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "4th"
},
"expansion": "lūpa f (4th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lūp",
"2": "a",
"3": "4th",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
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{
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"1": "lūp",
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"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-4"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lūpa",
"10": "lūpām",
"11": "lūpā",
"12": "lūpās",
"13": "lūpa",
"14": "lūpas",
"16": "",
"2": "lūpas",
"3": "lūpu",
"4": "lūpas",
"5": "lūpas",
"6": "lūpu",
"7": "lūpai",
"8": "lūpām",
"9": "lūpu",
"type": "4th declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w"
},
{
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"Entry maintenance"
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},
{
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"source": "w"
},
{
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "lv:Anatomy",
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"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "full, thin lips",
"text": "pilnīgas, plānas lūpas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the upper lip",
"text": "augšējā lūpa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the lower lip",
"text": "apakšējā lūpa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "lipstick",
"text": "lūpu krāsa, lūpu pomāde",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "with a smile on the lips",
"text": "ar smaidu uz lūpām",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to bite one's lips",
"text": "iekost lūpā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "labia (lit. genital lips)",
"text": "kaunuma lūpas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "harelip (congenital malformation)",
"text": "zaķa lūpa",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lip"
],
"id": "en-lūpa-lv-noun-isHvU4HK",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"lip",
"lip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) lip"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "mute"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:Lūpas"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[lūːpa]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-lūpa.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/Lv-riga-l%C5%ABpa.ogg/Lv-riga-l%C5%ABpa.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Lv-riga-l%C5%ABpa.ogg"
}
],
"word": "lūpa"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "lū́pa",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"stress-pattern-1"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lt-noun-f-a-1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pų",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́poms",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pomis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́poje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pose",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"10": "{{{m}}}",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "lū́pos",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{f}}}",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "lū́pa"
},
"expansion": "lū́pa f (plural lū́pos)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "lū́pos",
"3": "1",
"head": "lū́pa"
},
"expansion": "lū́pa f (plural lū́pos) stress pattern 1",
"name": "lt-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lū́pa",
"10": "lū́pomis",
"11": "lū́poje",
"12": "lū́pose",
"13": "lū́pa",
"14": "lū́pos",
"2": "lū́pos",
"3": "lū́pos",
"4": "lū́pų",
"5": "lū́pai",
"6": "lū́poms",
"7": "lū́pą",
"8": "lū́pas",
"9": "lū́pa"
},
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],
"lang": "Lithuanian",
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"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w"
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{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lt",
"name": "Face",
"orig": "lt:Face",
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"Body parts",
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"Anatomy",
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"Biology",
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"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
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}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-lūpa-lt-noun-isHvU4HK",
"links": [
[
"lip",
"lip"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "burna"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
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]
}
],
"word": "lūpa"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "*lūp-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic *lūp-",
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},
{
"args": {
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},
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{
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"1": "lt",
"2": "lū́pa"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian lū́pa",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
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"3": "",
"4": "thick, puckered lip(s)"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German lubbe (“thick, puckered lip(s)”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the same stem as the verbs lupt (“to peel, to come off”), lupināt (“to peel (tr.)”): Proto-Baltic *lūp-, *lup-, from Proto-Indo-European *lewp-, *lūp-, *lup- (“to pare, to peel, to break off”). The meaning evolved from “peeled off; puckered” to “puckered lips” and then simly “lips.” Cognates include Lithuanian lū́pa, Middle High German lubbe (“thick, puckered lip(s)”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-4",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "4th declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lūpas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "lūpa f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "4th"
},
"expansion": "lūpa f (4th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lūp",
"2": "a",
"3": "4th",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lūp",
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"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-4"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lūpa",
"10": "lūpām",
"11": "lūpā",
"12": "lūpās",
"13": "lūpa",
"14": "lūpas",
"16": "",
"2": "lūpas",
"3": "lūpu",
"4": "lūpas",
"5": "lūpas",
"6": "lūpu",
"7": "lūpai",
"8": "lūpām",
"9": "lūpu",
"type": "4th declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "mute"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian feminine nouns",
"Latvian fourth declension nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian terms with usage examples",
"Latvian undefined derivations",
"Latvian words with level intonation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"lv:Anatomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "full, thin lips",
"text": "pilnīgas, plānas lūpas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the upper lip",
"text": "augšējā lūpa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the lower lip",
"text": "apakšējā lūpa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "lipstick",
"text": "lūpu krāsa, lūpu pomāde",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "with a smile on the lips",
"text": "ar smaidu uz lūpām",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to bite one's lips",
"text": "iekost lūpā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "labia (lit. genital lips)",
"text": "kaunuma lūpas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "harelip (congenital malformation)",
"text": "zaķa lūpa",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lip"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"lip",
"lip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) lip"
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:Lūpas"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[lūːpa]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-lūpa.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/Lv-riga-l%C5%ABpa.ogg/Lv-riga-l%C5%ABpa.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Lv-riga-l%C5%ABpa.ogg"
}
],
"word": "lūpa"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "lū́pa",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"stress-pattern-1"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lt-noun-f-a-1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pų",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́poms",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pomis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́poje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pose",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lū́pos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"10": "{{{m}}}",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "lū́pos",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{f}}}",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "lū́pa"
},
"expansion": "lū́pa f (plural lū́pos)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "lū́pos",
"3": "1",
"head": "lū́pa"
},
"expansion": "lū́pa f (plural lū́pos) stress pattern 1",
"name": "lt-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lū́pa",
"10": "lū́pomis",
"11": "lū́poje",
"12": "lū́pose",
"13": "lū́pa",
"14": "lū́pos",
"2": "lū́pos",
"3": "lū́pos",
"4": "lū́pų",
"5": "lū́pai",
"6": "lū́poms",
"7": "lū́pą",
"8": "lū́pas",
"9": "lū́pa"
},
"name": "lt-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "burna"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Lithuanian feminine nouns",
"Lithuanian lemmas",
"Lithuanian nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"lt:Face"
],
"glosses": [
"lip"
],
"links": [
[
"lip",
"lip"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"lt:lūpa"
]
}
],
"word": "lūpa"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lūpa meaning in All languages combined (7.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.