See làm on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "làm class 1 singular of mlàm class 4",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bbj",
"2": "noun",
"g": "1"
},
"expansion": "làm class 1",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ghomala'",
"lang_code": "bbj",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ghomala' entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The smell of this soap isn't pleasant.",
"text": "Lam sɔk tsɔ̌ ka pûŋ.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to smell bad, to stink"
],
"id": "en-làm-bbj-noun-GAKoBATL",
"links": [
[
"smell",
"smell"
],
[
"stink",
"stink"
]
]
}
],
"word": "làm"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "làm alternate of dàm",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bbj",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "làm",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ghomala'",
"lang_code": "bbj",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "làmnyə̀"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ghomala' entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "làmnyə̀"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The cooking pot burned and smells bad.",
"text": "Bɛ̌ khə́ tə bó dám.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Your food smells good.",
"text": "Cə́ŋ tsʉ̌ wə́ damnyə.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to smell bad, to stink"
],
"id": "en-làm-bbj-verb-GAKoBATL",
"links": [
[
"smell",
"smell"
],
[
"stink",
"stink"
]
]
}
],
"word": "làm"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm ăn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm biếng"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm bộ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm công ăn lương"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm lành"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm loạn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm lụng"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm màu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm mưa làm gió"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm ngơ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm nhục"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm nũng"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm ơn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm phách"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm phản"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm phép"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm phiền"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm quá"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm ruộng"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm sao"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm thân"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm thinh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm thịt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm tin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm trò"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm việc"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "làm vườn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "quýt làm cam chịu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "việc làm"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "là",
"nocap": "1",
"t1": "to be; to work"
},
"expansion": "doublet of là (“to be; to work”)",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-m"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "為",
"3": "",
"4": "to do; to be",
"tr": "vi"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 為 /为 (vi, “to do; to be”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𫜵",
"gloss": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "𫜵",
"name": "l/vi/Hani"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𫜵"
},
"expansion": "𫜵",
"name": "vi-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A doublet of là (“to be; to work”); see there for more. The -m \"suffix\" is of unknown function and origin. This is an innovation in Vietnamese, not found in Mường and other Vietic languages.\nFor the semantic relation, compare also Chinese 為 /为 (vi, “to do; to be”).\nThe Nôm character 𫜵 was unified in Unicode with 爫 (“top form of Kangxi radical #87”) up until the version 14.0 (2021). See the entry for details.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𫜵",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𪵯",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𬈋",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "濫",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𫜵, 𪵯, 𬈋, , 濫"
},
"expansion": "làm • (𫜵, 𪵯, 𬈋, , 濫)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𫜵, 𪵯, 𬈋, , 濫"
},
"expansion": "làm • (𫜵, 𪵯, 𬈋, , 濫)",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to do exercises; to do homework",
"text": "làm bài tập",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to do"
],
"id": "en-làm-vi-verb-IXZV9I3e",
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to build a house",
"text": "làm nhà",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make"
],
"id": "en-làm-vi-verb-akNDa9RO",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to go to work",
"text": "đi làm",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to work for the government",
"text": "làm nhà nước",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to work for a private company",
"text": "làm tư nhân",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to work"
],
"id": "en-làm-vi-verb-HOHGnaBv",
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 19 8 8 8 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 16 7 7 7 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(literally, “As a human, who'd do something like that?”)",
"roman": "What kind of person are you!?",
"text": "Làm người ai làm thế!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "When I grow up, I want to become a doctor.",
"text": "Lớn lên con muốn làm bác sĩ.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You're not a good example for your kids as a father.",
"text": "Ông làm cha mà chẳng làm gương cho con.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "What kind of man are you? What kind?\nThere's nothing to say, words fail me.\nHow could you change like that? I have nothing left.\nYou forgot my feelings in pursuit of money and fame.\nWhat kind of man are you? What kind?\nWhy would you do that? Is it because I can give you nothing more?\nI don't trust you any more, I don't trust men any more!\nOne day you'll end up there, where I am right now.",
"ref": "(Can we date this quote?), Nguyên Chấn Phong (lyrics and music), “Làm người ai làm thế [What Kind of Man Are You?]”:",
"text": "Làm người ai làm thế, làm người ai làm thế !\nChẳng còn chi để nói bởi chính tôi đã cạn lời.\nSao anh nỡ đổi thay ? Tôi không còn gì nữa đâu.\nLợi danh anh đã quên mất tình tôi.\nLàm người ai làm thế, làm người ai làm thế !\nLàm vậy chi người hỡi ? Chẳng lẽ tôi không còn gì.\nKhông tin anh nữa đâu, không tin đàn ông đâu !\nRồi sẽ có lúc anh cũng thế, giống như tôi giờ đây.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to bear the responsibilities of"
],
"id": "en-làm-vi-verb-F5KtE2Mr",
"links": [
[
"bear",
"bear#English"
],
[
"responsibilities",
"responsibilities#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[laːm˨˩]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[laːm˦˩]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[laːm˨˩]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[lɑm˧˩]",
"note": "Quảng Nam"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-làm.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-l%C3%A0m.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-l%C3%A0m.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-l%C3%A0m.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-l%C3%A0m.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-làm.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-l%C3%A0m.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-l%C3%A0m.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-l%C3%A0m.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-l%C3%A0m.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mần"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Quảng Nam, Quảng Ngãi",
"word": "lồm"
}
],
"word": "làm"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ghomala' class 1 nouns",
"Ghomala' entries with incorrect language header",
"Ghomala' lemmas",
"Ghomala' nouns",
"Ghomala' verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "làm class 1 singular of mlàm class 4",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bbj",
"2": "noun",
"g": "1"
},
"expansion": "làm class 1",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ghomala'",
"lang_code": "bbj",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ghomala' terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The smell of this soap isn't pleasant.",
"text": "Lam sɔk tsɔ̌ ka pûŋ.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to smell bad, to stink"
],
"links": [
[
"smell",
"smell"
],
[
"stink",
"stink"
]
]
}
],
"word": "làm"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ghomala' class 1 nouns",
"Ghomala' entries with incorrect language header",
"Ghomala' lemmas",
"Ghomala' nouns",
"Ghomala' verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "làmnyə̀"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "làm alternate of dàm",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bbj",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "làm",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ghomala'",
"lang_code": "bbj",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "làmnyə̀"
}
],
"categories": [
"Ghomala' terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The cooking pot burned and smells bad.",
"text": "Bɛ̌ khə́ tə bó dám.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Your food smells good.",
"text": "Cə́ŋ tsʉ̌ wə́ damnyə.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to smell bad, to stink"
],
"links": [
[
"smell",
"smell"
],
[
"stink",
"stink"
]
]
}
],
"word": "làm"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese doublets",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "làm ăn"
},
{
"word": "làm biếng"
},
{
"word": "làm bộ"
},
{
"word": "làm công ăn lương"
},
{
"word": "làm lành"
},
{
"word": "làm loạn"
},
{
"word": "làm lụng"
},
{
"word": "làm màu"
},
{
"word": "làm mưa làm gió"
},
{
"word": "làm ngơ"
},
{
"word": "làm nhục"
},
{
"word": "làm nũng"
},
{
"word": "làm ơn"
},
{
"word": "làm phách"
},
{
"word": "làm phản"
},
{
"word": "làm phép"
},
{
"word": "làm phiền"
},
{
"word": "làm quá"
},
{
"word": "làm ruộng"
},
{
"word": "làm sao"
},
{
"word": "làm thân"
},
{
"word": "làm thinh"
},
{
"word": "làm thịt"
},
{
"word": "làm tin"
},
{
"word": "làm trò"
},
{
"word": "làm việc"
},
{
"word": "làm vườn"
},
{
"word": "quýt làm cam chịu"
},
{
"word": "việc làm"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "là",
"nocap": "1",
"t1": "to be; to work"
},
"expansion": "doublet of là (“to be; to work”)",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-m"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "為",
"3": "",
"4": "to do; to be",
"tr": "vi"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 為 /为 (vi, “to do; to be”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𫜵",
"gloss": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "𫜵",
"name": "l/vi/Hani"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𫜵"
},
"expansion": "𫜵",
"name": "vi-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A doublet of là (“to be; to work”); see there for more. The -m \"suffix\" is of unknown function and origin. This is an innovation in Vietnamese, not found in Mường and other Vietic languages.\nFor the semantic relation, compare also Chinese 為 /为 (vi, “to do; to be”).\nThe Nôm character 𫜵 was unified in Unicode with 爫 (“top form of Kangxi radical #87”) up until the version 14.0 (2021). See the entry for details.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𫜵",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𪵯",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𬈋",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "濫",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𫜵, 𪵯, 𬈋, , 濫"
},
"expansion": "làm • (𫜵, 𪵯, 𬈋, , 濫)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𫜵, 𪵯, 𬈋, , 濫"
},
"expansion": "làm • (𫜵, 𪵯, 𬈋, , 濫)",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to do exercises; to do homework",
"text": "làm bài tập",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to do"
],
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to build a house",
"text": "làm nhà",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make"
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to go to work",
"text": "đi làm",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to work for the government",
"text": "làm nhà nước",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to work for a private company",
"text": "làm tư nhân",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to work"
],
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Requests for date",
"Vietnamese terms with quotations",
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(literally, “As a human, who'd do something like that?”)",
"roman": "What kind of person are you!?",
"text": "Làm người ai làm thế!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "When I grow up, I want to become a doctor.",
"text": "Lớn lên con muốn làm bác sĩ.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You're not a good example for your kids as a father.",
"text": "Ông làm cha mà chẳng làm gương cho con.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "What kind of man are you? What kind?\nThere's nothing to say, words fail me.\nHow could you change like that? I have nothing left.\nYou forgot my feelings in pursuit of money and fame.\nWhat kind of man are you? What kind?\nWhy would you do that? Is it because I can give you nothing more?\nI don't trust you any more, I don't trust men any more!\nOne day you'll end up there, where I am right now.",
"ref": "(Can we date this quote?), Nguyên Chấn Phong (lyrics and music), “Làm người ai làm thế [What Kind of Man Are You?]”:",
"text": "Làm người ai làm thế, làm người ai làm thế !\nChẳng còn chi để nói bởi chính tôi đã cạn lời.\nSao anh nỡ đổi thay ? Tôi không còn gì nữa đâu.\nLợi danh anh đã quên mất tình tôi.\nLàm người ai làm thế, làm người ai làm thế !\nLàm vậy chi người hỡi ? Chẳng lẽ tôi không còn gì.\nKhông tin anh nữa đâu, không tin đàn ông đâu !\nRồi sẽ có lúc anh cũng thế, giống như tôi giờ đây.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to bear the responsibilities of"
],
"links": [
[
"bear",
"bear#English"
],
[
"responsibilities",
"responsibilities#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[laːm˨˩]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[laːm˦˩]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[laːm˨˩]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[lɑm˧˩]",
"note": "Quảng Nam"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-làm.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-l%C3%A0m.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-l%C3%A0m.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-l%C3%A0m.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-l%C3%A0m.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-làm.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-l%C3%A0m.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-l%C3%A0m.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-l%C3%A0m.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-l%C3%A0m.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mần"
},
{
"roman": "Quảng Nam, Quảng Ngãi",
"word": "lồm"
}
],
"word": "làm"
}
Download raw JSONL data for làm meaning in All languages combined (7.7kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Ghomala': 'làm class 1 singular of mlàm class 4', originally 'làm class 1 singular of mlàm class 4'",
"path": [
"làm"
],
"section": "Ghomala'",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "làm",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Ghomala': 'làm class 1 singular of mlàm class 4', originally 'làm class 1 singular of mlàm class 4'",
"path": [
"làm"
],
"section": "Ghomala'",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "làm",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: 'làm class 1 singular of mlàm class 4' in 'làm class 1 singular of mlàm class 4'",
"path": [
"làm"
],
"section": "Ghomala'",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "làm",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: ",
"path": [
"làm"
],
"section": "Vietnamese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "làm",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.