"kauen" meaning in All languages combined

See kauen on Wiktionary

Verb [German]

IPA: /ˈkaʊ̯ən/ Audio: De-kauen.ogg
Etymology: From Middle High German kūwen, kiuwen, kewen, from Old High German kūwen, kiuwan, from Proto-West Germanic *keuwan. The form shows the Central German development of Middle High German -iuw- → -ūw-, which is only sporadically reflected in the modern standard language (compare brauen). The expected form can still be found in the compound wiederkäuen (“to chew the cud”). Cognate with Dutch kauwen, Low German käwwen, West Frisian koaie, kôgje, English chew. Etymology templates: {{dercat|de|gem-pro|inh=1}}, {{root|de|ine-pro|*ǵyewh₁-}}, {{inh|de|gmh|kūwen}} Middle High German kūwen, {{m|gmh|kiuwen}} kiuwen, {{m|gmh|kewen}} kewen, {{inh|de|goh|kūwen}} Old High German kūwen, {{m|goh|kiuwan}} kiuwan, {{inh|de|gmw-pro|*keuwan}} Proto-West Germanic *keuwan, {{m|de|brauen}} brauen, {{m|de|wiederkäuen|t=to chew the cud}} wiederkäuen (“to chew the cud”), {{cog|nl|kauwen}} Dutch kauwen, {{cog|nds|käwwen}} Low German käwwen, {{cog|fy|koaie}} West Frisian koaie, {{m|fy|kôgje}} kôgje, {{cog|en|chew}} English chew Head templates: {{de-verb}} kauen (weak, third-person singular present kaut, past tense kaute, past participle gekaut, auxiliary haben) Inflection templates: {{de-conj}} Forms: kaut [present, singular, third-person], kaute [past], gekaut [participle, past], haben [auxiliary], weak [table-tags], haben [auxiliary], kauen [infinitive], kauend [participle, present], gekaut [participle, past], kaue [first-person, indicative, present, singular], kauen [first-person, indicative, plural, present], kaue [first-person, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], kauen [first-person, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], kaust [indicative, present, second-person, singular], kaut [indicative, plural, present, second-person], kauest [second-person, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], kauet [plural, second-person, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], kaut [indicative, present, singular, third-person], kauen [indicative, plural, present, third-person], kaue [singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i, third-person], kauen [plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-i, third-person], kaute [first-person, indicative, preterite, singular], kauten [first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], kaute [first-person, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], kauten [first-person, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], kautest [indicative, preterite, second-person, singular], kautet [indicative, plural, preterite, second-person], kautest [second-person, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], kautet [plural, second-person, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], kaute [indicative, preterite, singular, third-person], kauten [indicative, plural, preterite, third-person], kaute [singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii, third-person], kauten [plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii, third-person], kau [imperative, second-person, singular], kaue [imperative, second-person, singular], kaut [imperative, plural, second-person], weak [table-tags], haben [auxiliary], habe gekaut [first-person, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, singular], haben gekaut [first-person, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, plural], habe gekaut [first-person, multiword-construction, perfect, singular, subjunctive], haben gekaut [first-person, multiword-construction, perfect, plural, subjunctive], hast gekaut [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, second-person, singular], habt gekaut [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, plural, second-person], habest gekaut [multiword-construction, perfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], habet gekaut [multiword-construction, perfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], hat gekaut [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, singular, third-person], haben gekaut [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, plural, third-person], habe gekaut [multiword-construction, perfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], haben gekaut [multiword-construction, perfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], hatte gekaut [first-person, indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect, singular], hatten gekaut [first-person, indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect, plural], hätte gekaut [first-person, multiword-construction, pluperfect, singular, subjunctive], hätten gekaut [first-person, multiword-construction, pluperfect, plural, subjunctive], hattest gekaut [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect, second-person, singular], hattet gekaut [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect, plural, second-person], hättest gekaut [multiword-construction, pluperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], hättet gekaut [multiword-construction, pluperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], hatte gekaut [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect, singular, third-person], hatten gekaut [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect, plural, third-person], hätte gekaut [multiword-construction, pluperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], hätten gekaut [multiword-construction, pluperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], kauen werden [future, future-i, infinitive, multiword-construction], werde kauen [first-person, future, future-i, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], werden kauen [first-person, future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], werdest kauen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, second-person, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], werdet kauen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, second-person, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], werde kauen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i, third-person], werden kauen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-i, third-person], werde kauen [first-person, future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, singular], werden kauen [first-person, future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, plural], würde kauen [first-person, future, future-i, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], würden kauen [first-person, future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], wirst kauen [future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], werdet kauen [future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person], würdest kauen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, second-person, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], würdet kauen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, second-person, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], wird kauen [future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, singular, third-person], werden kauen [future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, plural, third-person], würde kauen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii, third-person], würden kauen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii, third-person], gekaut haben werden [future, future-ii, infinitive, multiword-construction], werde gekaut haben [first-person, future, future-ii, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], werden gekaut haben [first-person, future, future-ii, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], werdest gekaut haben [future, future-ii, multiword-construction, second-person, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], werdet gekaut haben [future, future-ii, multiword-construction, plural, second-person, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], werde gekaut haben [future, future-ii, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i, third-person], werden gekaut haben [future, future-ii, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-i, third-person], werde gekaut haben [first-person, future, future-ii, indicative, multiword-construction, singular], werden gekaut haben [first-person, future, future-ii, indicative, multiword-construction, plural], würde gekaut haben [first-person, future, future-ii, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], würden gekaut haben [first-person, future, future-ii, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], wirst gekaut haben [future, future-ii, indicative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], werdet gekaut haben [future, future-ii, indicative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person], würdest gekaut haben [future, future-ii, multiword-construction, second-person, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], würdet gekaut haben [future, future-ii, multiword-construction, plural, second-person, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], wird gekaut haben [future, future-ii, indicative, multiword-construction, singular, third-person], werden gekaut haben [future, future-ii, indicative, multiword-construction, plural, third-person], würde gekaut haben [future, future-ii, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii, third-person], würden gekaut haben [future, future-ii, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii, third-person]
  1. (transitive) to chew (something) Tags: transitive, weak
    Sense id: en-kauen-de-verb-KBs6IDWR
  2. (intransitive, with an + dative) to chew on (something), to gnaw Tags: intransitive, weak
    Sense id: en-kauen-de-verb-PFWY7plE Categories (other): German verbs using haben as auxiliary Disambiguation of German verbs using haben as auxiliary: 26 47 27
  3. (usually with an) to bite (nails) Tags: usually, weak
    Sense id: en-kauen-de-verb-QCBON5Qu Categories (other): German usage examples with omitted translation, German entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of German entries with incorrect language header: 14 24 63
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: käuen, keuen [obsolete] Related terms: wiederkäuen

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for kauen meaning in All languages combined (17.1kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵyewh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "kūwen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German kūwen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "kiuwen"
      },
      "expansion": "kiuwen",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "kewen"
      },
      "expansion": "kewen",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "kūwen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German kūwen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "kiuwan"
      },
      "expansion": "kiuwan",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*keuwan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *keuwan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "brauen"
      },
      "expansion": "brauen",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "wiederkäuen",
        "t": "to chew the cud"
      },
      "expansion": "wiederkäuen (“to chew the cud”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "kauwen"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch kauwen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "käwwen"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German käwwen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "koaie"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian koaie",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "kôgje"
      },
      "expansion": "kôgje",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "chew"
      },
      "expansion": "English chew",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German kūwen, kiuwen, kewen, from Old High German kūwen, kiuwan, from Proto-West Germanic *keuwan.\nThe form shows the Central German development of Middle High German -iuw- → -ūw-, which is only sporadically reflected in the modern standard language (compare brauen). The expected form can still be found in the compound wiederkäuen (“to chew the cud”). Cognate with Dutch kauwen, Low German käwwen, West Frisian koaie, kôgje, English chew.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaut",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaute",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gekaut",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haben",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "de-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauend",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaue",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaue",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaust",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaue",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaute",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaute",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kautest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kautet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kautest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kautet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaute",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaute",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaue",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "de-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "habe gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haben gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "habe gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haben gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hast gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "habt gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "habest gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "habet gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hat gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haben gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "habe gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haben gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hatte gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hatten gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hätte gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hätten gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hattest gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hattet gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hättest gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hättet gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hatte gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hatten gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hätte gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hätten gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauen werden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werde kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werden kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werdest kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werdet kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werde kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werden kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werde kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werden kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würde kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würden kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wirst kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werdet kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würdest kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würdet kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wird kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werden kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würde kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würden kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gekaut haben werden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werde gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werden gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werdest gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werdet gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werde gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werden gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werde gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werden gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würde gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würden gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wirst gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werdet gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würdest gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würdet gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wird gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werden gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würde gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würden gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "kauen (weak, third-person singular present kaut, past tense kaute, past participle gekaut, auxiliary haben)",
      "name": "de-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "kau‧en"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "de-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "wiederkäuen"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to chew (something)"
      ],
      "id": "en-kauen-de-verb-KBs6IDWR",
      "links": [
        [
          "chew",
          "chew"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to chew (something)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "26 47 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German verbs using haben as auxiliary",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to chew on (something), to gnaw"
      ],
      "id": "en-kauen-de-verb-PFWY7plE",
      "links": [
        [
          "an",
          "an#German"
        ],
        [
          "chew",
          "chew"
        ],
        [
          "gnaw",
          "gnaw"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, with an + dative) to chew on (something), to gnaw"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with an + dative"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German usage examples with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Usage examples with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 24 63",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Er kaut an den/seinen Nägeln.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "Er kaut seine Nägel. (Less common)",
          "text": "He bites his nails.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bite (nails)"
      ],
      "id": "en-kauen-de-verb-QCBON5Qu",
      "links": [
        [
          "an",
          "an#German"
        ],
        [
          "bite",
          "bite"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually with an) to bite (nails)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with an"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkaʊ̯ən/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-kauen.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/De-kauen.ogg/De-kauen.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/De-kauen.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "käuen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "keuen"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kauen"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "German 2-syllable words",
    "German entries with incorrect language header",
    "German lemmas",
    "German terms derived from Middle High German",
    "German terms derived from Old High German",
    "German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "German terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵyewh₁-",
    "German terms inherited from Middle High German",
    "German terms inherited from Old High German",
    "German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "German terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "German terms with audio links",
    "German verbs",
    "German verbs using haben as auxiliary",
    "German weak verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵyewh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "kūwen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German kūwen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "kiuwen"
      },
      "expansion": "kiuwen",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "kewen"
      },
      "expansion": "kewen",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "kūwen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German kūwen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "kiuwan"
      },
      "expansion": "kiuwan",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*keuwan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *keuwan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "brauen"
      },
      "expansion": "brauen",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "wiederkäuen",
        "t": "to chew the cud"
      },
      "expansion": "wiederkäuen (“to chew the cud”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "kauwen"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch kauwen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "käwwen"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German käwwen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "koaie"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian koaie",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "kôgje"
      },
      "expansion": "kôgje",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "chew"
      },
      "expansion": "English chew",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German kūwen, kiuwen, kewen, from Old High German kūwen, kiuwan, from Proto-West Germanic *keuwan.\nThe form shows the Central German development of Middle High German -iuw- → -ūw-, which is only sporadically reflected in the modern standard language (compare brauen). The expected form can still be found in the compound wiederkäuen (“to chew the cud”). Cognate with Dutch kauwen, Low German käwwen, West Frisian koaie, kôgje, English chew.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaut",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaute",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gekaut",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haben",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "de-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauend",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaue",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaue",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaust",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaue",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaute",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaute",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kautest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kautet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kautest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kautet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaute",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaute",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaue",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "de-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "habe gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haben gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "habe gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haben gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hast gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "habt gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "habest gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "habet gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hat gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haben gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "habe gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haben gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hatte gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hatten gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hätte gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hätten gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hattest gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hattet gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hättest gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hättet gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hatte gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hatten gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hätte gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hätten gekaut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauen werden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werde kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werden kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werdest kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werdet kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werde kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werden kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werde kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werden kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würde kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würden kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wirst kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werdet kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würdest kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würdet kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wird kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werden kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würde kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würden kauen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gekaut haben werden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werde gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werden gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werdest gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werdet gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werde gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werden gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werde gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werden gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würde gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würden gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wirst gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werdet gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würdest gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würdet gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wird gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werden gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würde gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "würden gekaut haben",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "kauen (weak, third-person singular present kaut, past tense kaute, past participle gekaut, auxiliary haben)",
      "name": "de-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "kau‧en"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "de-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "wiederkäuen"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "German transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to chew (something)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chew",
          "chew"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to chew (something)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "German intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to chew on (something), to gnaw"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "an",
          "an#German"
        ],
        [
          "chew",
          "chew"
        ],
        [
          "gnaw",
          "gnaw"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, with an + dative) to chew on (something), to gnaw"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with an + dative"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "German terms with usage examples",
        "German usage examples with omitted translation"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Er kaut an den/seinen Nägeln.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "Er kaut seine Nägel. (Less common)",
          "text": "He bites his nails.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bite (nails)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "an",
          "an#German"
        ],
        [
          "bite",
          "bite"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually with an) to bite (nails)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with an"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkaʊ̯ən/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-kauen.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/De-kauen.ogg/De-kauen.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/De-kauen.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "käuen"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "keuen"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kauen"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.