"karilaz" meaning in All languages combined

See karilaz on Wiktionary

Noun [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /ˈkɑ.ri.lɑz/
Etymology: A diminutive of *karaz (but a Proto-Indo-European l-stem according to Kroonen 2013). Probably from Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- (“to become old, to grow”) and related to Ancient Greek γέρων (gérōn), Sanskrit जरन्त (jaranta), Old Armenian ծեր (cer), Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬴𐬀𐬥𐬙- (azarəṣ̌ant-), Tocharian A kwär-, Tocharian B kwär-, Hittite [script needed] (karu). Etymology templates: {{m|gem-pro|*karaz}} *karaz, {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro|*ǵerh₂-||to become old, to grow}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- (“to become old, to grow”), {{cog|grc|γέρων}} Ancient Greek γέρων (gérōn), {{cog|sa|जरन्त}} Sanskrit जरन्त (jaranta), {{cog|xcl|ծեր}} Old Armenian ծեր (cer), {{cog|ae|𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬴𐬀𐬥𐬙-}} Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬴𐬀𐬥𐬙- (azarəṣ̌ant-), {{cog|xto|kwär-}} Tocharian A kwär-, {{cog|txb|kwär-}} Tocharian B kwär-, {{cog|hit|tr=karu}} Hittite [script needed] (karu) Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], karilaz [nominative, singular], karilōz [nominative, plural], karilōs [nominative, plural], karil [singular, vocative], karilōz [plural, vocative], karilōs [plural, vocative], karilą [accusative, singular], karilanz [accusative, plural], karilas [genitive, singular], karilis [genitive, singular], karilǫ̂ [genitive, plural], karilai [dative, singular], karilamaz [dative, plural], karilō [instrumental, singular], karilamiz [instrumental, plural]
  1. free man Tags: masculine, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-karilaz-gem-pro-noun-~l0sh9PS
  2. little man, young man Tags: masculine, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-karilaz-gem-pro-noun-LdEe3Fg7 Categories (other): Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 11 89
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: karlaz, kerlaz Related terms: gumô, mann-, weraz

Download JSON data for karilaz meaning in All languages combined (9.0kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*karil"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *karil, *karul, *karl\nOld English: ċeorl, ċiorl\nMiddle English: cherl, cheorl, churl\nEnglish: churl\nScots: churl\nYola: chourle\nOld Frisian: tzerl, tzirl\nNorth Frisian: keerl\nWest Frisian: tsjirl, tsjerl\nOld Saxon: *keril\nMiddle Low German: kerl, kerle\nDutch Low Saxon: (Gronings, Achterhoeks) keerl, (Twents, Achterhoeks) kearl\nGerman Low German: Kerel, Keerl\nWestphalian:\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: Kǟrl\nSuerländer-Märkisch: Kærl, Kæl, Kêrl\nWestmünsterländisch: Käärl, Kerl, Kiärl\n→ German: Kerl\n→ Saterland Frisian: Käärel\nOld Dutch: *keril, *karal, karl\nMiddle Dutch: carel, caerl, kerl, kerel\nDutch: kerel\nAfrikaans: kêrel\nJersey Dutch: kääd'l\n→ Saterland Frisian: kerel, kërel, kërdel\n→ West Frisian: keardel, kearel\nLimburgish: kaerel\nOld High German: *keril, karal, karl\nMiddle High German: karl, karle, kërl, kërle\n⇒ Old High German: Karl (given name)\nGerman: Karl, Carl\n→ English: Karl, Carl (see there for further descendants)\n→ Latin: Carolus (see there for further descendants)\n→ Proto-Slavic: *korľь (see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *karil, *karul, *karl\nOld English: ċeorl, ċiorl\nMiddle English: cherl, cheorl, churl\nEnglish: churl\nScots: churl\nYola: chourle\nOld Frisian: tzerl, tzirl\nNorth Frisian: keerl\nWest Frisian: tsjirl, tsjerl\nOld Saxon: *keril\nMiddle Low German: kerl, kerle\nDutch Low Saxon: (Gronings, Achterhoeks) keerl, (Twents, Achterhoeks) kearl\nGerman Low German: Kerel, Keerl\nWestphalian:\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: Kǟrl\nSuerländer-Märkisch: Kærl, Kæl, Kêrl\nWestmünsterländisch: Käärl, Kerl, Kiärl\n→ German: Kerl\n→ Saterland Frisian: Käärel\nOld Dutch: *keril, *karal, karl\nMiddle Dutch: carel, caerl, kerl, kerel\nDutch: kerel\nAfrikaans: kêrel\nJersey Dutch: kääd'l\n→ Saterland Frisian: kerel, kërel, kërdel\n→ West Frisian: keardel, kearel\nLimburgish: kaerel\nOld High German: *keril, karal, karl\nMiddle High German: karl, karle, kërl, kërle\n⇒ Old High German: Karl (given name)\nGerman: Karl, Carl\n→ English: Karl, Carl (see there for further descendants)\n→ Latin: Carolus (see there for further descendants)\n→ Proto-Slavic: *korľь (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-pro",
            "2": "ᚲᚨᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Norse: ᚲᚨᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ (karilaʀ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Norse: ᚲᚨᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ (karilaʀ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "karl"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: karl, kall\nIcelandic: karl\nFaroese: kallur\nNorwegian: kall, kar\n→ Danish: kar\nNorwegian Bokmål: kar\nJamtish: kall, karr (< *karaz)\nElfdalian: kall\nOld Swedish: karilʀ\nSwedish: karl\nDanish: karl, kal\nNorwegian Bokmål: kall\n⇒ Old Norse: Karl (given name)\nIcelandic: Karl, Carl\nFaroese: Karl\nNorwegian: Karl, Carl\nOld Swedish: Karl\nSwedish: Karl, Carl\nOld Danish: Karl\nDanish: Karl, Carl\n→ Greenlandic: Karl, Kaarali, Kaarale\n⇒ Old Norse: Karli, Karle, Kalli (diminutive)\nIcelandic: Karli\nNorwegian: Karle, Kalle, Calle\nOld Swedish: Karle, Kalle\nSwedish: Karli, Karle, Carli, Carlie, Karly, Kalle, Calle\n→ Estonian: Kalle\nOld Danish: Karli\nDanish: Karli, Karly, Kalle, Calle\n→ Greenlandic: Kaali\n→ Finnish: Karli, Karle, Kaarle, Kalle, Kale, Kali, Kalla, Kallu\n→ Estonian: Kalle\n→ Swedish: Kaarle\n→ Sami: Gállá, Kálle\n→ English: Karl, Carl\n→ Cebuano: Karl, Carl\n→ Finnish: Karl\n→ Sami: Kárral\n→ Middle English: carl\nScots: carl, cairl, karl\nEnglish: carl",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: karl, kall\nIcelandic: karl\nFaroese: kallur\nNorwegian: kall, kar\n→ Danish: kar\nNorwegian Bokmål: kar\nJamtish: kall, karr (< *karaz)\nElfdalian: kall\nOld Swedish: karilʀ\nSwedish: karl\nDanish: karl, kal\nNorwegian Bokmål: kall\n⇒ Old Norse: Karl (given name)\nIcelandic: Karl, Carl\nFaroese: Karl\nNorwegian: Karl, Carl\nOld Swedish: Karl\nSwedish: Karl, Carl\nOld Danish: Karl\nDanish: Karl, Carl\n→ Greenlandic: Karl, Kaarali, Kaarale\n⇒ Old Norse: Karli, Karle, Kalli (diminutive)\nIcelandic: Karli\nNorwegian: Karle, Kalle, Calle\nOld Swedish: Karle, Kalle\nSwedish: Karli, Karle, Carli, Carlie, Karly, Kalle, Calle\n→ Estonian: Kalle\nOld Danish: Karli\nDanish: Karli, Karly, Kalle, Calle\n→ Greenlandic: Kaali\n→ Finnish: Karli, Karle, Kaarle, Kalle, Kale, Kali, Kalla, Kallu\n→ Estonian: Kalle\n→ Swedish: Kaarle\n→ Sami: Gállá, Kálle\n→ English: Karl, Carl\n→ Cebuano: Karl, Carl\n→ Finnish: Karl\n→ Sami: Kárral\n→ Middle English: carl\nScots: carl, cairl, karl\nEnglish: carl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "karilas",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Finnish: karilas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Finnish: karilas"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "smi-pro",
            "2": "*kāllēs",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *kāllēs",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Samic: *kāllēs (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*karaz"
      },
      "expansion": "*karaz",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵerh₂-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to become old, to grow"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- (“to become old, to grow”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γέρων"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek γέρων (gérōn)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "जरन्त"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit जरन्त (jaranta)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ծեր"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian ծեր (cer)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬴𐬀𐬥𐬙-"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬴𐬀𐬥𐬙- (azarəṣ̌ant-)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xto",
        "2": "kwär-"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian A kwär-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "kwär-"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian B kwär-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "tr": "karu"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (karu)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "A diminutive of *karaz (but a Proto-Indo-European l-stem according to Kroonen 2013). Probably from Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- (“to become old, to grow”) and related to Ancient Greek γέρων (gérōn), Sanskrit जरन्त (jaranta), Old Armenian ծեր (cer), Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬴𐬀𐬥𐬙- (azarəṣ̌ant-), Tocharian A kwär-, Tocharian B kwär-, Hittite [script needed] (karu).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karil",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/karilaz",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gumô"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "mann-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "weraz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "free man"
      ],
      "id": "en-karilaz-gem-pro-noun-~l0sh9PS",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "little man, young man"
      ],
      "id": "en-karilaz-gem-pro-noun-LdEe3Fg7",
      "links": [
        [
          "man",
          "man"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɑ.ri.lɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "karlaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerlaz"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "karilaz"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Requests for native script for Hittite terms"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*karil"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *karil, *karul, *karl\nOld English: ċeorl, ċiorl\nMiddle English: cherl, cheorl, churl\nEnglish: churl\nScots: churl\nYola: chourle\nOld Frisian: tzerl, tzirl\nNorth Frisian: keerl\nWest Frisian: tsjirl, tsjerl\nOld Saxon: *keril\nMiddle Low German: kerl, kerle\nDutch Low Saxon: (Gronings, Achterhoeks) keerl, (Twents, Achterhoeks) kearl\nGerman Low German: Kerel, Keerl\nWestphalian:\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: Kǟrl\nSuerländer-Märkisch: Kærl, Kæl, Kêrl\nWestmünsterländisch: Käärl, Kerl, Kiärl\n→ German: Kerl\n→ Saterland Frisian: Käärel\nOld Dutch: *keril, *karal, karl\nMiddle Dutch: carel, caerl, kerl, kerel\nDutch: kerel\nAfrikaans: kêrel\nJersey Dutch: kääd'l\n→ Saterland Frisian: kerel, kërel, kërdel\n→ West Frisian: keardel, kearel\nLimburgish: kaerel\nOld High German: *keril, karal, karl\nMiddle High German: karl, karle, kërl, kërle\n⇒ Old High German: Karl (given name)\nGerman: Karl, Carl\n→ English: Karl, Carl (see there for further descendants)\n→ Latin: Carolus (see there for further descendants)\n→ Proto-Slavic: *korľь (see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *karil, *karul, *karl\nOld English: ċeorl, ċiorl\nMiddle English: cherl, cheorl, churl\nEnglish: churl\nScots: churl\nYola: chourle\nOld Frisian: tzerl, tzirl\nNorth Frisian: keerl\nWest Frisian: tsjirl, tsjerl\nOld Saxon: *keril\nMiddle Low German: kerl, kerle\nDutch Low Saxon: (Gronings, Achterhoeks) keerl, (Twents, Achterhoeks) kearl\nGerman Low German: Kerel, Keerl\nWestphalian:\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: Kǟrl\nSuerländer-Märkisch: Kærl, Kæl, Kêrl\nWestmünsterländisch: Käärl, Kerl, Kiärl\n→ German: Kerl\n→ Saterland Frisian: Käärel\nOld Dutch: *keril, *karal, karl\nMiddle Dutch: carel, caerl, kerl, kerel\nDutch: kerel\nAfrikaans: kêrel\nJersey Dutch: kääd'l\n→ Saterland Frisian: kerel, kërel, kërdel\n→ West Frisian: keardel, kearel\nLimburgish: kaerel\nOld High German: *keril, karal, karl\nMiddle High German: karl, karle, kërl, kërle\n⇒ Old High German: Karl (given name)\nGerman: Karl, Carl\n→ English: Karl, Carl (see there for further descendants)\n→ Latin: Carolus (see there for further descendants)\n→ Proto-Slavic: *korľь (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-pro",
            "2": "ᚲᚨᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Norse: ᚲᚨᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ (karilaʀ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Norse: ᚲᚨᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ (karilaʀ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "karl"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: karl, kall\nIcelandic: karl\nFaroese: kallur\nNorwegian: kall, kar\n→ Danish: kar\nNorwegian Bokmål: kar\nJamtish: kall, karr (< *karaz)\nElfdalian: kall\nOld Swedish: karilʀ\nSwedish: karl\nDanish: karl, kal\nNorwegian Bokmål: kall\n⇒ Old Norse: Karl (given name)\nIcelandic: Karl, Carl\nFaroese: Karl\nNorwegian: Karl, Carl\nOld Swedish: Karl\nSwedish: Karl, Carl\nOld Danish: Karl\nDanish: Karl, Carl\n→ Greenlandic: Karl, Kaarali, Kaarale\n⇒ Old Norse: Karli, Karle, Kalli (diminutive)\nIcelandic: Karli\nNorwegian: Karle, Kalle, Calle\nOld Swedish: Karle, Kalle\nSwedish: Karli, Karle, Carli, Carlie, Karly, Kalle, Calle\n→ Estonian: Kalle\nOld Danish: Karli\nDanish: Karli, Karly, Kalle, Calle\n→ Greenlandic: Kaali\n→ Finnish: Karli, Karle, Kaarle, Kalle, Kale, Kali, Kalla, Kallu\n→ Estonian: Kalle\n→ Swedish: Kaarle\n→ Sami: Gállá, Kálle\n→ English: Karl, Carl\n→ Cebuano: Karl, Carl\n→ Finnish: Karl\n→ Sami: Kárral\n→ Middle English: carl\nScots: carl, cairl, karl\nEnglish: carl",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: karl, kall\nIcelandic: karl\nFaroese: kallur\nNorwegian: kall, kar\n→ Danish: kar\nNorwegian Bokmål: kar\nJamtish: kall, karr (< *karaz)\nElfdalian: kall\nOld Swedish: karilʀ\nSwedish: karl\nDanish: karl, kal\nNorwegian Bokmål: kall\n⇒ Old Norse: Karl (given name)\nIcelandic: Karl, Carl\nFaroese: Karl\nNorwegian: Karl, Carl\nOld Swedish: Karl\nSwedish: Karl, Carl\nOld Danish: Karl\nDanish: Karl, Carl\n→ Greenlandic: Karl, Kaarali, Kaarale\n⇒ Old Norse: Karli, Karle, Kalli (diminutive)\nIcelandic: Karli\nNorwegian: Karle, Kalle, Calle\nOld Swedish: Karle, Kalle\nSwedish: Karli, Karle, Carli, Carlie, Karly, Kalle, Calle\n→ Estonian: Kalle\nOld Danish: Karli\nDanish: Karli, Karly, Kalle, Calle\n→ Greenlandic: Kaali\n→ Finnish: Karli, Karle, Kaarle, Kalle, Kale, Kali, Kalla, Kallu\n→ Estonian: Kalle\n→ Swedish: Kaarle\n→ Sami: Gállá, Kálle\n→ English: Karl, Carl\n→ Cebuano: Karl, Carl\n→ Finnish: Karl\n→ Sami: Kárral\n→ Middle English: carl\nScots: carl, cairl, karl\nEnglish: carl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "karilas",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Finnish: karilas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Finnish: karilas"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "smi-pro",
            "2": "*kāllēs",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *kāllēs",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Samic: *kāllēs (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*karaz"
      },
      "expansion": "*karaz",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵerh₂-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to become old, to grow"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- (“to become old, to grow”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γέρων"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek γέρων (gérōn)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "जरन्त"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit जरन्त (jaranta)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ծեր"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian ծեր (cer)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬴𐬀𐬥𐬙-"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬴𐬀𐬥𐬙- (azarəṣ̌ant-)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xto",
        "2": "kwär-"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian A kwär-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "kwär-"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian B kwär-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "tr": "karu"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (karu)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "A diminutive of *karaz (but a Proto-Indo-European l-stem according to Kroonen 2013). Probably from Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- (“to become old, to grow”) and related to Ancient Greek γέρων (gérōn), Sanskrit जरन्त (jaranta), Old Armenian ծեր (cer), Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬴𐬀𐬥𐬙- (azarəṣ̌ant-), Tocharian A kwär-, Tocharian B kwär-, Hittite [script needed] (karu).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karil",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karilamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/karilaz",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "gumô"
    },
    {
      "word": "mann-"
    },
    {
      "word": "weraz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "free man"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "little man, young man"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "man",
          "man"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɑ.ri.lɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "karlaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerlaz"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "karilaz"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.