See involution on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for involution meaning in All languages combined (11.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "involution algebra"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "self-involution"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "involūtiō"
},
"expansion": "Latin involūtiō",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "involvō"
},
"expansion": "involvō",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin involūtiō, from involvō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "involutions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
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},
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}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "involutional"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "involutionary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "involve"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dual"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "selfdual"
}
],
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{
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{
"ref": "1938, Xavier Herbert, chapter V, in Capricornia, page 74",
"text": "[…]usually his attention was diverted from her feet by her shrieks of laughter and the astounding involutions of her huge brown-yellow frame.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1968, Anthony Burgess, “Enderby Outside”, in The Complete Enderby, published 2002, page 302",
"text": "‘Gomez,’ said the mortician, ‘is an expert only on the involutions of his own rectum.’",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Entanglement; a spiralling inwards; intricacy."
],
"id": "en-involution-en-noun-mIIZ6fw~",
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"Entanglement",
"entanglement"
],
[
"intricacy",
"intricacy"
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],
"tags": [
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],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obǎrkvane",
"sense": "entanglement; a spiralling inwards",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "объркване"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "entanglement; a spiralling inwards",
"word": "內卷"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 1 1 1 2",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "nèijuǎn",
"sense": "entanglement; a spiralling inwards",
"word": "内卷"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1917, James Huneker, Unicorns, New York: Scribner, Chapter 11 “Style and Rhythm in English Prose,” p. 129,\nWalter Pater’s essay on Style is honeycombed with involutions and preciosity."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A complicated grammatical construction."
],
"id": "en-involution-en-noun-BoXe1hbZ",
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{
"ref": "1996, Alfred J. Menezesm, Paul C. van Oorschot, Scott A. Vanstone, Handbook of Applied Cryptography, CRC Press, page 10",
"text": "Involutions have the property that they are their own inverses.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse."
],
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{
"word": "complex conjugation"
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{
"word": "complementation"
}
],
"id": "en-involution-en-noun-WPNXjbg3",
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"(mathematics) An endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse."
],
"tags": [
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"mathematics",
"sciences"
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 72 2 13 3 5 2",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"word": "對合"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 72 2 13 3 5 2",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "duìhé",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"word": "对合"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 72 2 13 3 5 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"word": "involuutio"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 72 2 13 3 5 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "involution"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 72 2 13 3 5 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Involution"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 72 2 13 3 5 2",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sjálfhverfa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 72 2 13 3 5 2",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sjálfhverf vörpun"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 72 2 13 3 5 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"word": "involuzione"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 72 2 13 3 5 2",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsuigō",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"word": "対合"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 72 2 13 3 5 2",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "involucion"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 72 2 13 3 5 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "inwolucja"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 72 2 13 3 5 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"word": "involution"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The shrinking of an organ (such as the uterus) to a former size."
],
"id": "en-involution-en-noun-DhStjzqc",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"uterus",
"uterus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) The shrinking of an organ (such as the uterus) to a former size."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 75 7 3 3 3",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "tuìhuà",
"sense": "shrinking of an organ to a former size",
"word": "退化"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 75 7 3 3 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "shrinking of an organ to a former size",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Involution"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
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{
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],
"glosses": [
"The regressive changes in the body occurring with old age."
],
"id": "en-involution-en-noun-kZ0ARYrT",
"links": [
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"physiology",
"physiology"
],
[
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"old age"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physiology) The regressive changes in the body occurring with old age."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
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],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 12 2 80 0 3 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "degeneracija",
"sense": "regressive changes in the body occurring with old age",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дегенерация"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 12 2 80 0 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "regressive changes in the body occurring with old age",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Involution"
}
]
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"glosses": [
"A power: the result of raising one number to the power of another."
],
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"(mathematics, obsolete) A power: the result of raising one number to the power of another."
],
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],
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"A cessation of development or progress despite intense inner competition."
],
"id": "en-involution-en-noun-vCq7cpyM",
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[
"economics",
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],
[
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[
"cessation",
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"development"
],
[
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[
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"raw_glosses": [
"(economics, social sciences, of a society or nation) A cessation of development or progress despite intense inner competition."
],
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"of a society or nation"
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"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"economics",
"human-sciences",
"science",
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 5 1 4 1 81 5",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "a cessation of development or progress despite intense inner competition",
"word": "內卷"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 5 1 4 1 81 5",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "nèijuǎn",
"sense": "a cessation of development or progress despite intense inner competition",
"word": "内卷"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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],
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"A state of increased competition for limited resources, requiring great effort to stay ahead."
],
"id": "en-involution-en-noun-JkwNSwk1",
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"state",
"state"
],
[
"competition",
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"limited"
],
[
"resource",
"resource"
],
[
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"raw_glosses": [
"(neologism, slang) A state of increased competition for limited resources, requiring great effort to stay ahead."
],
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 2 1 2 1 5 87",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "a state of increased competition for limited resources, requiring great effort to stay ahead",
"word": "內卷"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 2 1 2 1 5 87",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "nèijuǎn",
"sense": "a state of increased competition for limited resources, requiring great effort to stay ahead",
"word": "内卷"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnvəˈluːʃən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːʃən"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Involution"
],
"word": "involution"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
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"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/uːʃən",
"Rhymes:English/uːʃən/4 syllables"
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"derived": [
{
"word": "involution algebra"
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{
"word": "self-involution"
}
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"word": "involutional"
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{
"ref": "1938, Xavier Herbert, chapter V, in Capricornia, page 74",
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"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1968, Anthony Burgess, “Enderby Outside”, in The Complete Enderby, published 2002, page 302",
"text": "‘Gomez,’ said the mortician, ‘is an expert only on the involutions of his own rectum.’",
"type": "quotation"
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],
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"Entanglement; a spiralling inwards; intricacy."
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{
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{
"text": "1917, James Huneker, Unicorns, New York: Scribner, Chapter 11 “Style and Rhythm in English Prose,” p. 129,\nWalter Pater’s essay on Style is honeycombed with involutions and preciosity."
}
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"ref": "1996, Alfred J. Menezesm, Paul C. van Oorschot, Scott A. Vanstone, Handbook of Applied Cryptography, CRC Press, page 10",
"text": "Involutions have the property that they are their own inverses.",
"type": "quotation"
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],
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"An endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse."
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"(mathematics) An endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse."
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],
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],
"topics": [
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"sciences"
]
},
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],
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],
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"(physiology) The regressive changes in the body occurring with old age."
],
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],
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],
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],
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"(economics, social sciences, of a society or nation) A cessation of development or progress despite intense inner competition."
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"of a society or nation"
],
"tags": [
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"A state of increased competition for limited resources, requiring great effort to stay ahead."
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"(neologism, slang) A state of increased competition for limited resources, requiring great effort to stay ahead."
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],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnvəˈluːʃən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːʃən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obǎrkvane",
"sense": "entanglement; a spiralling inwards",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "объркване"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "entanglement; a spiralling inwards",
"word": "內卷"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "nèijuǎn",
"sense": "entanglement; a spiralling inwards",
"word": "内卷"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"word": "對合"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "duìhé",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"word": "对合"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"word": "involuutio"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "involution"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Involution"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sjálfhverfa"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sjálfhverf vörpun"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"word": "involuzione"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsuigō",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"word": "対合"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "involucion"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "inwolucja"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "mathematics; an endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse",
"word": "involution"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "tuìhuà",
"sense": "shrinking of an organ to a former size",
"word": "退化"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "shrinking of an organ to a former size",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Involution"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "degeneracija",
"sense": "regressive changes in the body occurring with old age",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дегенерация"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "regressive changes in the body occurring with old age",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Involution"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "a cessation of development or progress despite intense inner competition",
"word": "內卷"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "nèijuǎn",
"sense": "a cessation of development or progress despite intense inner competition",
"word": "内卷"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "a state of increased competition for limited resources, requiring great effort to stay ahead",
"word": "內卷"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "nèijuǎn",
"sense": "a state of increased competition for limited resources, requiring great effort to stay ahead",
"word": "内卷"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Involution"
],
"word": "involution"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.