See harbinger on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for harbinger meaning in All languages combined (18.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "harbinger-of-spring"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
"4": "*bʰergʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "herberjour"
},
"expansion": "Middle English herberjour",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "herbergeour"
},
"expansion": "herbergeour",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "herbergeor"
},
"expansion": "Old French herbergeor",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "hébergeur"
},
"expansion": "French hébergeur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*heriberga",
"4": "",
"5": "lodging, inn",
"lit": "army shelter"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*harjabergu",
"4": "",
"5": "army camp, shelter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army camp, shelter”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Herberge"
},
"expansion": "German Herberge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "albergo"
},
"expansion": "Italian albergo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "herberg"
},
"expansion": "Dutch herberg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "harbor"
},
"expansion": "English harbor",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "here"
},
"expansion": "here",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "borrow"
},
"expansion": "borrow",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally, a person that is sent in advance to arrange lodgings. From Middle English herberjour, herbergeour, from Old French herbergeor (French hébergeur), from Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”), from Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army camp, shelter”). Compare German Herberge, Italian albergo, Dutch herberg, English harbor. More at here, borrow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "harbingers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "harbinger (plural harbingers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "45 48 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "harbinger of danger; harbinger of doom; harbinger of spring",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1828, Walter Savage Landor, Imaginary Conversations, Lord Brooke and Sir Philip Sidney",
"text": "I knew by these harbingers who were coming.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021 March 26, Alexis Soloski, “‘Kid 90’ and the Days When Even Wild TV Teens Had Privacy”, in The New York Times, →ISSN",
"text": "It’s to realize that Moon Frye, by cheerfully surveilling her own life, and those first Real Worlders, by agreeing to the constant presence of producers and cameras, were the harbingers of today’s culture, in which self-image is shaped in the expectation of a lens and personhood collates with brand identity.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person or thing that foreshadows or foretells the coming of someone or something."
],
"id": "en-harbinger-en-noun-EH9NyH-e",
"links": [
[
"foreshadow",
"foreshadow"
],
[
"foretell",
"foretell"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "forewarning"
},
{
"word": "herald"
},
{
"word": "omen"
},
{
"word": "premonition"
},
{
"word": "sign"
},
{
"word": "signal"
},
{
"word": "prophet"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "voorbode"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predvestnik",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "предвестник"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anunciador"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "herald"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "預兆"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yùzhào",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "预兆"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zvěstovatel"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "varsel"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "forvarsel"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "voorbode"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "omeno"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "airut"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "sanansaattaja"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "présage"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"word": "Vorbote"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "de",
"english": "thing",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Omen"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Vorzeichen"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "proángelos",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "προάγγελος"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pródromos",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πρόδρομος"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "előjel"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "előfutár"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "előhírnök"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boðberi"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fyrirboði"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "undanfari"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "réamhtheachtaire"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"word": "messaggero"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "araldo"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "it",
"english": "thing",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "presagio"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "precursore"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "foriero"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "profeta"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "premonitore"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "premonitrice"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"alt": "まえぶれ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "maebure",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "前触れ"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seon'guja",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "선구자"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jeonjo",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "전조"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "praenuntius"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "forsmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zwiastun"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "arauto"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "presságio"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "provozvéstnik",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "провозве́стник"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predvéstnik",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "предве́стник"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "predšasnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "najava"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "navesnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "nagovest"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "nagoveštaj"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anunciador"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anunciante"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "heraldo"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "förebud"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "förlöpare"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cennad"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rhagredegydd"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 48 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1644, Thomas Fuller, \"Truth Maintained\" (a sermon)",
"text": "outward decency […] is the Harbinger to provide the lodging for inward holinesse"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who provides lodgings; especially, the officer of the English royal household who formerly preceded the court when travelling, to provide and prepare lodgings."
],
"id": "en-harbinger-en-noun-Lfh8pAg-",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) One who provides lodgings; especially, the officer of the English royal household who formerly preceded the court when travelling, to provide and prepare lodgings."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑːbɪndʒə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑɹbɪnd͡ʒəɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-harbinger.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/En-us-harbinger.ogg/En-us-harbinger.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/En-us-harbinger.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "härʹbĭnjər"
}
],
"word": "harbinger"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
"4": "*bʰergʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "herberjour"
},
"expansion": "Middle English herberjour",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "herbergeour"
},
"expansion": "herbergeour",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "herbergeor"
},
"expansion": "Old French herbergeor",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "hébergeur"
},
"expansion": "French hébergeur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*heriberga",
"4": "",
"5": "lodging, inn",
"lit": "army shelter"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*harjabergu",
"4": "",
"5": "army camp, shelter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army camp, shelter”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Herberge"
},
"expansion": "German Herberge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "albergo"
},
"expansion": "Italian albergo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "herberg"
},
"expansion": "Dutch herberg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "harbor"
},
"expansion": "English harbor",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "here"
},
"expansion": "here",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "borrow"
},
"expansion": "borrow",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally, a person that is sent in advance to arrange lodgings. From Middle English herberjour, herbergeour, from Old French herbergeor (French hébergeur), from Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”), from Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army camp, shelter”). Compare German Herberge, Italian albergo, Dutch herberg, English harbor. More at here, borrow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "harbingers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "harbingering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "harbingered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "harbingered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "harbinger (third-person singular simple present harbingers, present participle harbingering, simple past and past participle harbingered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1841, William Harrison Ainsworth, chapter VIII, in Old Saint Paul's, published 1903, page 94",
"text": "It was harbingered also by the terrible comet of January, which appeared in a cadent and obscure house, denoting sickness and death; […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To announce or precede; to be a harbinger of."
],
"id": "en-harbinger-en-verb-ynX8QvUX",
"links": [
[
"announce",
"announce"
],
[
"precede",
"precede"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To announce or precede; to be a harbinger of."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "bellwether"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "herald"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predveštavam",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "предвещавам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "anunciar"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to announce",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zvěstovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to announce",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "věstit"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "aankondigen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "annoncer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "présager"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "ankündigen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "proanangéllo",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "προαναγγέλλω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "annunciare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "presagire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "premonire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "profetizzare"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "innvarsle"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predveščátʹ",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "предвеща́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "anunciar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "förebåda"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "varsla"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑːbɪndʒə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑɹbɪnd͡ʒəɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-harbinger.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/En-us-harbinger.ogg/En-us-harbinger.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/En-us-harbinger.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "härʹbĭnjər"
}
],
"word": "harbinger"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰergʰ-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ker-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "harbinger-of-spring"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
"4": "*bʰergʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "herberjour"
},
"expansion": "Middle English herberjour",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "herbergeour"
},
"expansion": "herbergeour",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "herbergeor"
},
"expansion": "Old French herbergeor",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "hébergeur"
},
"expansion": "French hébergeur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*heriberga",
"4": "",
"5": "lodging, inn",
"lit": "army shelter"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*harjabergu",
"4": "",
"5": "army camp, shelter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army camp, shelter”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Herberge"
},
"expansion": "German Herberge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "albergo"
},
"expansion": "Italian albergo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "herberg"
},
"expansion": "Dutch herberg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "harbor"
},
"expansion": "English harbor",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "here"
},
"expansion": "here",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "borrow"
},
"expansion": "borrow",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally, a person that is sent in advance to arrange lodgings. From Middle English herberjour, herbergeour, from Old French herbergeor (French hébergeur), from Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”), from Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army camp, shelter”). Compare German Herberge, Italian albergo, Dutch herberg, English harbor. More at here, borrow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "harbingers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "harbinger (plural harbingers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "harbinger of danger; harbinger of doom; harbinger of spring",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1828, Walter Savage Landor, Imaginary Conversations, Lord Brooke and Sir Philip Sidney",
"text": "I knew by these harbingers who were coming.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021 March 26, Alexis Soloski, “‘Kid 90’ and the Days When Even Wild TV Teens Had Privacy”, in The New York Times, →ISSN",
"text": "It’s to realize that Moon Frye, by cheerfully surveilling her own life, and those first Real Worlders, by agreeing to the constant presence of producers and cameras, were the harbingers of today’s culture, in which self-image is shaped in the expectation of a lens and personhood collates with brand identity.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person or thing that foreshadows or foretells the coming of someone or something."
],
"links": [
[
"foreshadow",
"foreshadow"
],
[
"foretell",
"foretell"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "forewarning"
},
{
"word": "herald"
},
{
"word": "omen"
},
{
"word": "premonition"
},
{
"word": "sign"
},
{
"word": "signal"
},
{
"word": "prophet"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1644, Thomas Fuller, \"Truth Maintained\" (a sermon)",
"text": "outward decency […] is the Harbinger to provide the lodging for inward holinesse"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who provides lodgings; especially, the officer of the English royal household who formerly preceded the court when travelling, to provide and prepare lodgings."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) One who provides lodgings; especially, the officer of the English royal household who formerly preceded the court when travelling, to provide and prepare lodgings."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑːbɪndʒə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑɹbɪnd͡ʒəɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-harbinger.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/En-us-harbinger.ogg/En-us-harbinger.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/En-us-harbinger.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "härʹbĭnjər"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "voorbode"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predvestnik",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "предвестник"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anunciador"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "herald"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "預兆"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yùzhào",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "预兆"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zvěstovatel"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "varsel"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "forvarsel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "voorbode"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "omeno"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "airut"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "sanansaattaja"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "présage"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"word": "Vorbote"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "thing",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Omen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Vorzeichen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "proángelos",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "προάγγελος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pródromos",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πρόδρομος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "előjel"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "előfutár"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "előhírnök"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boðberi"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fyrirboði"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "undanfari"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "réamhtheachtaire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"word": "messaggero"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "araldo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"english": "thing",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "presagio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "precursore"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "foriero"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "profeta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "premonitore"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "premonitrice"
},
{
"alt": "まえぶれ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "maebure",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "前触れ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seon'guja",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "선구자"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jeonjo",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "전조"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "praenuntius"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "forsmak"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zwiastun"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "arauto"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "presságio"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "provozvéstnik",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "провозве́стник"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predvéstnik",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "предве́стник"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "predšasnik"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "najava"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "navesnik"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "nagovest"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "nagoveštaj"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anunciador"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anunciante"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "heraldo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "förebud"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "förlöpare"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cennad"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rhagredegydd"
}
],
"word": "harbinger"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰergʰ-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ker-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
"4": "*bʰergʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "herberjour"
},
"expansion": "Middle English herberjour",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "herbergeour"
},
"expansion": "herbergeour",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "herbergeor"
},
"expansion": "Old French herbergeor",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "hébergeur"
},
"expansion": "French hébergeur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*heriberga",
"4": "",
"5": "lodging, inn",
"lit": "army shelter"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*harjabergu",
"4": "",
"5": "army camp, shelter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army camp, shelter”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Herberge"
},
"expansion": "German Herberge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "albergo"
},
"expansion": "Italian albergo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "herberg"
},
"expansion": "Dutch herberg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "harbor"
},
"expansion": "English harbor",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "here"
},
"expansion": "here",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "borrow"
},
"expansion": "borrow",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally, a person that is sent in advance to arrange lodgings. From Middle English herberjour, herbergeour, from Old French herbergeor (French hébergeur), from Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”), from Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army camp, shelter”). Compare German Herberge, Italian albergo, Dutch herberg, English harbor. More at here, borrow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "harbingers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "harbingering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "harbingered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "harbingered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "harbinger (third-person singular simple present harbingers, present participle harbingering, simple past and past participle harbingered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "bellwether"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1841, William Harrison Ainsworth, chapter VIII, in Old Saint Paul's, published 1903, page 94",
"text": "It was harbingered also by the terrible comet of January, which appeared in a cadent and obscure house, denoting sickness and death; […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To announce or precede; to be a harbinger of."
],
"links": [
[
"announce",
"announce"
],
[
"precede",
"precede"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To announce or precede; to be a harbinger of."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "herald"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑːbɪndʒə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑɹbɪnd͡ʒəɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-harbinger.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/En-us-harbinger.ogg/En-us-harbinger.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/En-us-harbinger.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "härʹbĭnjər"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predveštavam",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "предвещавам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "anunciar"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to announce",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zvěstovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to announce",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "věstit"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "aankondigen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "annoncer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "présager"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "ankündigen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "proanangéllo",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "προαναγγέλλω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "annunciare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "presagire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "premonire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "profetizzare"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "innvarsle"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predveščátʹ",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "предвеща́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "anunciar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "förebåda"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "varsla"
}
],
"word": "harbinger"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.