See harbinger on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "harbinger-of-spring"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
"4": "*bʰergʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "herberjour"
},
"expansion": "Middle English herberjour",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "herbergeor"
},
"expansion": "Old French herbergeor",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "hébergeur"
},
"expansion": "French hébergeur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*heriberga",
"4": "",
"5": "lodging, inn",
"lit": "army shelter"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*harjabergu",
"4": "",
"5": "army camp, shelter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army camp, shelter”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Herberge"
},
"expansion": "German Herberge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "albergo"
},
"expansion": "Italian albergo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "herberg"
},
"expansion": "Dutch herberg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "harbor"
},
"expansion": "English harbor",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally, a person that is sent in advance to arrange lodgings. From Middle English herberjour, herbergeour, from Old French herbergeor (French hébergeur), from Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”), from Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army camp, shelter”). Compare German Herberge, Italian albergo, Dutch herberg, English harbor. More at here, borrow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "harbingers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"args": {},
"expansion": "harbinger (plural harbingers)",
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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"examples": [
{
"text": "harbinger of danger; harbinger of doom; harbinger of spring",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene vi], page 150, column 2:",
"text": "Make all our Trumpets ſpeak, giue thẽ all breath / Thoſe clamorous Harbingers of Blood, & Death",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1828, Walter Savage Landor, Imaginary Conversations, Lord Brooke and Sir Philip Sidney:",
"text": "I knew by these harbingers who were coming.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 March 26, Alexis Soloski, “‘Kid 90’ and the Days When Even Wild TV Teens Had Privacy”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
"text": "It’s to realize that Moon Frye, by cheerfully surveilling her own life, and those first Real Worlders, by agreeing to the constant presence of producers and cameras, were the harbingers of today’s culture, in which self-image is shaped in the expectation of a lens and personhood collates with brand identity.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person or thing that foreshadows or foretells the coming of someone or something."
],
"id": "en-harbinger-en-noun-EH9NyH-e",
"links": [
[
"foreshadow",
"foreshadow"
],
[
"foretell",
"foretell"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "forewarning"
},
{
"word": "herald"
},
{
"word": "omen"
},
{
"word": "premonition"
},
{
"word": "sign"
},
{
"word": "signal"
},
{
"word": "prophet"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "voorbode"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predvestnik",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "предвестник"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anunciador"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "herald"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "預兆"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yùzhào",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "预兆"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zvěstovatel"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "varsel"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "forvarsel"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "voorbode"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "omeno"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "airut"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "sanansaattaja"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "présage"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"word": "Vorbote"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "de",
"english": "thing",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Omen"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Vorzeichen"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "proángelos",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "προάγγελος"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pródromos",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πρόδρομος"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "előjel"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "előfutár"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "előhírnök"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boðberi"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fyrirboði"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "undanfari"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "réamhtheachtaire"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"word": "messaggero"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "araldo"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "it",
"english": "thing",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "presagio"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "precursore"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "foriero"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "profeta"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "premonitore"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "premonitrice"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"alt": "まえぶれ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "maebure",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "前触れ"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seon'guja",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "선구자"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jeonjo",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "전조"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "praenuntius"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "forsmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zwiastun"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "arauto"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "presságio"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "provozvéstnik",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "провозве́стник"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predvéstnik",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "предве́стник"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "predšasnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "najava"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "navesnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "nagovest"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "nagoveštaj"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anunciador"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anunciante"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "heraldo"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "förebud"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "förlöpare"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cennad"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rhagredegydd"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 48 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entry maintenance"
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1644, Thomas Fuller, \"Truth Maintained\" (a sermon)",
"text": "outward decency […] is the Harbinger to provide the lodging for inward holinesse"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who provides lodgings; especially, the officer of the English royal household who formerly preceded the court when travelling, to provide and prepare lodgings."
],
"id": "en-harbinger-en-noun-Lfh8pAg-",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) One who provides lodgings; especially, the officer of the English royal household who formerly preceded the court when travelling, to provide and prepare lodgings."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑːbɪndʒə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "härʹbĭnjər",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑɹbɪnd͡ʒəɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-harbinger.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/En-us-harbinger.ogg/En-us-harbinger.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/En-us-harbinger.ogg"
}
],
"word": "harbinger"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
"4": "*bʰergʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "herberjour"
},
"expansion": "Middle English herberjour",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "herbergeor"
},
"expansion": "Old French herbergeor",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "hébergeur"
},
"expansion": "French hébergeur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*heriberga",
"4": "",
"5": "lodging, inn",
"lit": "army shelter"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*harjabergu",
"4": "",
"5": "army camp, shelter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army camp, shelter”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Herberge"
},
"expansion": "German Herberge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "albergo"
},
"expansion": "Italian albergo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "herberg"
},
"expansion": "Dutch herberg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "harbor"
},
"expansion": "English harbor",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally, a person that is sent in advance to arrange lodgings. From Middle English herberjour, herbergeour, from Old French herbergeor (French hébergeur), from Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”), from Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army camp, shelter”). Compare German Herberge, Italian albergo, Dutch herberg, English harbor. More at here, borrow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "harbingers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "harbingering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "harbingered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "harbingered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "harbinger (third-person singular simple present harbingers, present participle harbingering, simple past and past participle harbingered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1841, William Harrison Ainsworth, chapter VIII, in Old Saint Paul's, published 1903, page 94:",
"text": "It was harbingered also by the terrible comet of January, which appeared in a cadent and obscure house, denoting sickness and death; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To announce or precede; to be a harbinger of."
],
"id": "en-harbinger-en-verb-ynX8QvUX",
"links": [
[
"announce",
"announce"
],
[
"precede",
"precede"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To announce or precede; to be a harbinger of."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "bellwether"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "herald"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predveštavam",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "предвещавам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "anunciar"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to announce",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zvěstovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to announce",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "věstit"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "aankondigen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "annoncer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "présager"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "ankündigen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "proanangéllo",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "προαναγγέλλω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "annunciare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "presagire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "premonire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "profetizzare"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "innvarsle"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predveščátʹ",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "предвеща́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "anunciar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "förebåda"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "varsla"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑːbɪndʒə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "härʹbĭnjər",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑɹbɪnd͡ʒəɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-harbinger.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/En-us-harbinger.ogg/En-us-harbinger.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/En-us-harbinger.ogg"
}
],
"word": "harbinger"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰergʰ-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ker-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "harbinger-of-spring"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
"4": "*bʰergʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "herberjour"
},
"expansion": "Middle English herberjour",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "herbergeor"
},
"expansion": "Old French herbergeor",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "hébergeur"
},
"expansion": "French hébergeur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*heriberga",
"4": "",
"5": "lodging, inn",
"lit": "army shelter"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*harjabergu",
"4": "",
"5": "army camp, shelter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army camp, shelter”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Herberge"
},
"expansion": "German Herberge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "albergo"
},
"expansion": "Italian albergo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "herberg"
},
"expansion": "Dutch herberg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "harbor"
},
"expansion": "English harbor",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally, a person that is sent in advance to arrange lodgings. From Middle English herberjour, herbergeour, from Old French herbergeor (French hébergeur), from Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”), from Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army camp, shelter”). Compare German Herberge, Italian albergo, Dutch herberg, English harbor. More at here, borrow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "harbingers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "harbinger (plural harbingers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "harbinger of danger; harbinger of doom; harbinger of spring",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene vi], page 150, column 2:",
"text": "Make all our Trumpets ſpeak, giue thẽ all breath / Thoſe clamorous Harbingers of Blood, & Death",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1828, Walter Savage Landor, Imaginary Conversations, Lord Brooke and Sir Philip Sidney:",
"text": "I knew by these harbingers who were coming.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 March 26, Alexis Soloski, “‘Kid 90’ and the Days When Even Wild TV Teens Had Privacy”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
"text": "It’s to realize that Moon Frye, by cheerfully surveilling her own life, and those first Real Worlders, by agreeing to the constant presence of producers and cameras, were the harbingers of today’s culture, in which self-image is shaped in the expectation of a lens and personhood collates with brand identity.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person or thing that foreshadows or foretells the coming of someone or something."
],
"links": [
[
"foreshadow",
"foreshadow"
],
[
"foretell",
"foretell"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "forewarning"
},
{
"word": "herald"
},
{
"word": "omen"
},
{
"word": "premonition"
},
{
"word": "sign"
},
{
"word": "signal"
},
{
"word": "prophet"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1644, Thomas Fuller, \"Truth Maintained\" (a sermon)",
"text": "outward decency […] is the Harbinger to provide the lodging for inward holinesse"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who provides lodgings; especially, the officer of the English royal household who formerly preceded the court when travelling, to provide and prepare lodgings."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) One who provides lodgings; especially, the officer of the English royal household who formerly preceded the court when travelling, to provide and prepare lodgings."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑːbɪndʒə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "härʹbĭnjər",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑɹbɪnd͡ʒəɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-harbinger.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/En-us-harbinger.ogg/En-us-harbinger.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/En-us-harbinger.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "voorbode"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predvestnik",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "предвестник"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anunciador"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "herald"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "預兆"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yùzhào",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "预兆"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zvěstovatel"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "varsel"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "forvarsel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "voorbode"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "omeno"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "airut"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "sanansaattaja"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "présage"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"word": "Vorbote"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "thing",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Omen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Vorzeichen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "proángelos",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "προάγγελος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pródromos",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πρόδρομος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "előjel"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "előfutár"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "előhírnök"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boðberi"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fyrirboði"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "undanfari"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "réamhtheachtaire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"word": "messaggero"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "araldo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"english": "thing",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "presagio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "precursore"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "foriero"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "profeta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "premonitore"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "premonitrice"
},
{
"alt": "まえぶれ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "maebure",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "前触れ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seon'guja",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "선구자"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jeonjo",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "전조"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "praenuntius"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "forsmak"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zwiastun"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "arauto"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "presságio"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "provozvéstnik",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "провозве́стник"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predvéstnik",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "предве́стник"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "predšasnik"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "najava"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "navesnik"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "nagovest"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "nagoveštaj"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anunciador"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anunciante"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "heraldo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "förebud"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"word": "förlöpare"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cennad"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "that which foretells the coming of something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rhagredegydd"
}
],
"word": "harbinger"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰergʰ-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ker-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
"4": "*bʰergʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "herberjour"
},
"expansion": "Middle English herberjour",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "herbergeor"
},
"expansion": "Old French herbergeor",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "hébergeur"
},
"expansion": "French hébergeur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*heriberga",
"4": "",
"5": "lodging, inn",
"lit": "army shelter"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*harjabergu",
"4": "",
"5": "army camp, shelter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army camp, shelter”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Herberge"
},
"expansion": "German Herberge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "albergo"
},
"expansion": "Italian albergo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "herberg"
},
"expansion": "Dutch herberg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "harbor"
},
"expansion": "English harbor",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally, a person that is sent in advance to arrange lodgings. From Middle English herberjour, herbergeour, from Old French herbergeor (French hébergeur), from Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”), from Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army camp, shelter”). Compare German Herberge, Italian albergo, Dutch herberg, English harbor. More at here, borrow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "harbingers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "harbingering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "harbingered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "harbingered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "harbinger (third-person singular simple present harbingers, present participle harbingering, simple past and past participle harbingered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "bellwether"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1841, William Harrison Ainsworth, chapter VIII, in Old Saint Paul's, published 1903, page 94:",
"text": "It was harbingered also by the terrible comet of January, which appeared in a cadent and obscure house, denoting sickness and death; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To announce or precede; to be a harbinger of."
],
"links": [
[
"announce",
"announce"
],
[
"precede",
"precede"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To announce or precede; to be a harbinger of."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "herald"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑːbɪndʒə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "härʹbĭnjər",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑɹbɪnd͡ʒəɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-harbinger.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/En-us-harbinger.ogg/En-us-harbinger.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/En-us-harbinger.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predveštavam",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "предвещавам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "anunciar"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to announce",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zvěstovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to announce",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "věstit"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "aankondigen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "annoncer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "présager"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "ankündigen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "proanangéllo",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "προαναγγέλλω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "annunciare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "presagire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "premonire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "profetizzare"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "innvarsle"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predveščátʹ",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "предвеща́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "anunciar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "förebåda"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to announce",
"word": "varsla"
}
],
"word": "harbinger"
}
Download raw JSONL data for harbinger meaning in All languages combined (19.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.