"fretum" meaning in All languages combined

See fretum on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

Forms: freta [plural]
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from Latin fretum (“strait, channel”). Doublet of fret (“strait; channel”). Etymology templates: {{ubor|en|la|fretum|t=strait, channel}} Unadapted borrowing from Latin fretum (“strait, channel”), {{doublet|en|fret|id1=channel|t1=strait; channel}} Doublet of fret (“strait; channel”) Head templates: {{en-noun|freta}} fretum (plural freta)
  1. A strait; a channel. Synonyms: fret
    Sense id: en-fretum-en-noun-3e-bEkiy Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 61 7 5 4 18 5 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 56 5 4 3 28 4

Noun [Latin]

IPA: /ˈfre.tum/ [Classical-Latin], [ˈfrɛt̪ʊ̃ˑ] [Classical-Latin], /ˈfre.tum/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈfrɛːt̪um] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to brew, boil”) with the suffix *-eto-, but the zero-grade is inexplicable. In this case related to ferveō, fretāle and dēfrutum. Etymology templates: {{der|la|ine-pro|*bʰrewh₁-|*bʰer-|t=to brew, boil}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to brew, boil”) Head templates: {{la-noun|fretum<2>}} fretum n (genitive fretī); second declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|fretum<2>}} Forms: fretī [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], fretum [nominative, singular], freta [nominative, plural], fretī [genitive, singular], fretōrum [genitive, plural], fretō [dative, singular], fretīs [dative, plural], fretum [accusative, singular], freta [accusative, plural], fretō [ablative, singular], fretīs [ablative, plural], fretum [singular, vocative], freta [plural, vocative]
  1. strait, sound, estuary, channel.
    the strait of Sicily
    Tags: declension-2, neuter Categories (place): Bodies of water
    Sense id: en-fretum-la-noun-Rt5O1n9N Disambiguation of Bodies of water: 23 23 23 27 6 Categories (other): Latin neuter nouns in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the second declension: 24 24 24 9 19
  2. strait, sound, estuary, channel.
    Sicily
    Tags: declension-2, neuter Categories (place): Bodies of water
    Sense id: en-fretum-la-noun-gX0EOSYk Disambiguation of Bodies of water: 23 23 23 27 6 Categories (other): Latin neuter nouns in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the second declension: 24 24 24 9 19
  3. strait, sound, estuary, channel. Tags: declension-2, neuter Categories (place): Bodies of water
    Sense id: en-fretum-la-noun-3xHr0V5q Disambiguation of Bodies of water: 23 23 23 27 6 Categories (other): Latin neuter nouns in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the second declension: 24 24 24 9 19
  4. the seas. Tags: declension-2, neuter Categories (place): Bodies of water, Landforms
    Sense id: en-fretum-la-noun-q-ZqWLm- Disambiguation of Bodies of water: 23 23 23 27 6 Disambiguation of Landforms: 19 19 19 34 10 Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 10 10 10 62 8
  5. turmoil Tags: declension-2, neuter
    Sense id: en-fretum-la-noun-AnnoXnIa Categories (other): Latin neuter nouns in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the second declension: 24 24 24 9 19
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: fretēnsis

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "fretum",
        "t": "strait, channel"
      },
      "expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from Latin fretum (“strait, channel”)",
      "name": "ubor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fret",
        "id1": "channel",
        "t1": "strait; channel"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of fret (“strait; channel”)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from Latin fretum (“strait, channel”). Doublet of fret (“strait; channel”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "freta",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "freta"
      },
      "expansion": "fretum (plural freta)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "61 7 5 4 18 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 5 4 3 28 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A strait; a channel."
      ],
      "id": "en-fretum-en-noun-3e-bEkiy",
      "links": [
        [
          "strait",
          "strait"
        ],
        [
          "channel",
          "channel"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "fret"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "fretum"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "fretēnsis"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰrewh₁-",
        "4": "*bʰer-",
        "t": "to brew, boil"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to brew, boil”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to brew, boil”) with the suffix *-eto-, but the zero-grade is inexplicable. In this case related to ferveō, fretāle and dēfrutum.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "fretī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "freta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "freta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "freta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fretum<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "fretum n (genitive fretī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fretum<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 24 24 9 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 23 27 6",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Bodies of water",
          "orig": "la:Bodies of water",
          "parents": [
            "Landforms",
            "Water",
            "Earth",
            "Places",
            "Liquids",
            "Nature",
            "Names",
            "Matter",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Chemistry",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Sciences",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "strait, sound, estuary, channel.",
        "the strait of Sicily"
      ],
      "id": "en-fretum-la-noun-Rt5O1n9N",
      "links": [
        [
          "strait",
          "strait"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "estuary",
          "estuary"
        ],
        [
          "channel",
          "channel"
        ],
        [
          "Sicily",
          "Sicily"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 24 24 9 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 23 27 6",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Bodies of water",
          "orig": "la:Bodies of water",
          "parents": [
            "Landforms",
            "Water",
            "Earth",
            "Places",
            "Liquids",
            "Nature",
            "Names",
            "Matter",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Chemistry",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Sciences",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "All that was left him was to wait for the arrival of ships from the remoter areas of Gaul and Picenum, and from Sicily.",
          "ref": "c. 48 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Civili 1.29",
          "text": "Relinquebatur, ut ex longuinquioribus regionibus Galliae Picenique et a freto naves essent expectandae."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "strait, sound, estuary, channel.",
        "Sicily"
      ],
      "id": "en-fretum-la-noun-gX0EOSYk",
      "links": [
        [
          "strait",
          "strait"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "estuary",
          "estuary"
        ],
        [
          "channel",
          "channel"
        ],
        [
          "Sicily",
          "Sicily"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 24 24 9 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 23 27 6",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Bodies of water",
          "orig": "la:Bodies of water",
          "parents": [
            "Landforms",
            "Water",
            "Earth",
            "Places",
            "Liquids",
            "Nature",
            "Names",
            "Matter",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Chemistry",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Sciences",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Did you come to the strait via Mauritania?",
          "ref": "Marcus Tullius Cicero, Against Vatinius Ch. 5",
          "text": "Venerisne ad fretum per Mauretaniam?"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "strait, sound, estuary, channel."
      ],
      "id": "en-fretum-la-noun-3xHr0V5q",
      "links": [
        [
          "strait",
          "strait"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "estuary",
          "estuary"
        ],
        [
          "channel",
          "channel"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 10 10 62 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 23 27 6",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Bodies of water",
          "orig": "la:Bodies of water",
          "parents": [
            "Landforms",
            "Water",
            "Earth",
            "Places",
            "Liquids",
            "Nature",
            "Names",
            "Matter",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Chemistry",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Sciences",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 19 19 34 10",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Landforms",
          "orig": "la:Landforms",
          "parents": [
            "Earth",
            "Places",
            "Nature",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "And the seas shall leave their fish bare on the shore.",
          "ref": "Publius Vergilius Maro, Eclogues 1",
          "text": "Et freta destituent nūdōs in lītore piscēs."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the seas."
      ],
      "id": "en-fretum-la-noun-q-ZqWLm-",
      "links": [
        [
          "sea",
          "sea"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 24 24 9 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "turmoil"
      ],
      "id": "en-fretum-la-noun-AnnoXnIa",
      "links": [
        [
          "turmoil",
          "turmoil"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfre.tum/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfrɛt̪ʊ̃ˑ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfre.tum/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfrɛːt̪um]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fretum"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "la:Bodies of water",
    "la:Landforms"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "fretum",
        "t": "strait, channel"
      },
      "expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from Latin fretum (“strait, channel”)",
      "name": "ubor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fret",
        "id1": "channel",
        "t1": "strait; channel"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of fret (“strait; channel”)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from Latin fretum (“strait, channel”). Doublet of fret (“strait; channel”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "freta",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "freta"
      },
      "expansion": "fretum (plural freta)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English doublets",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English nouns with irregular plurals",
        "English terms borrowed from Latin",
        "English terms derived from Latin",
        "English unadapted borrowings from Latin",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A strait; a channel."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "strait",
          "strait"
        ],
        [
          "channel",
          "channel"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "fret"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "fretum"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin neuter nouns",
    "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "la:Bodies of water",
    "la:Landforms"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "fretēnsis"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰrewh₁-",
        "4": "*bʰer-",
        "t": "to brew, boil"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to brew, boil”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to brew, boil”) with the suffix *-eto-, but the zero-grade is inexplicable. In this case related to ferveō, fretāle and dēfrutum.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "fretī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "freta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "freta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fretum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "freta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fretum<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "fretum n (genitive fretī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fretum<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "strait, sound, estuary, channel.",
        "the strait of Sicily"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "strait",
          "strait"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "estuary",
          "estuary"
        ],
        [
          "channel",
          "channel"
        ],
        [
          "Sicily",
          "Sicily"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "All that was left him was to wait for the arrival of ships from the remoter areas of Gaul and Picenum, and from Sicily.",
          "ref": "c. 48 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Civili 1.29",
          "text": "Relinquebatur, ut ex longuinquioribus regionibus Galliae Picenique et a freto naves essent expectandae."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "strait, sound, estuary, channel.",
        "Sicily"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "strait",
          "strait"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "estuary",
          "estuary"
        ],
        [
          "channel",
          "channel"
        ],
        [
          "Sicily",
          "Sicily"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Did you come to the strait via Mauritania?",
          "ref": "Marcus Tullius Cicero, Against Vatinius Ch. 5",
          "text": "Venerisne ad fretum per Mauretaniam?"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "strait, sound, estuary, channel."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "strait",
          "strait"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "estuary",
          "estuary"
        ],
        [
          "channel",
          "channel"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "And the seas shall leave their fish bare on the shore.",
          "ref": "Publius Vergilius Maro, Eclogues 1",
          "text": "Et freta destituent nūdōs in lītore piscēs."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the seas."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sea",
          "sea"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "turmoil"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "turmoil",
          "turmoil"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfre.tum/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfrɛt̪ʊ̃ˑ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfre.tum/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfrɛːt̪um]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fretum"
}

Download raw JSONL data for fretum meaning in All languages combined (5.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
  "msg": "''strait, sound, estuary, channe'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
  "path": [
    "fretum"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "fretum",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (bb46d54 and 0c3c9f6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.