See freo on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for freo meaning in All languages combined (22.0kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "frẽo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese frẽo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "la",
"3": "frēnum"
},
"expansion": "Latin frēnum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "freio"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese freio",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "freno"
},
"expansion": "Spanish freno",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frein"
},
"expansion": "French frein",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese frẽo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin frēnum. Cognate with Portuguese freio, Spanish freno and French frein.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "freos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "freo m (plural freos)",
"name": "gl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "enfrear"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "frear"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "refrear"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"brake"
],
"id": "en-freo-gl-noun-h2eXJJgi",
"links": [
[
"brake",
"brake"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "entrabe"
},
{
"word": "trabán"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1455, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 316",
"roman": "Item, that he stole the mare of Pedro Gaio, from his house that is close to the town of Ribadavia, by the bridge; and that he stole her with saddle and bridle, and that later he was captured because of her in A Coruña",
"text": "Iten, que furtara a faqa a Pero Gayo da sua casa, que está á par da vila de Ribadauia, da casa que está á par da ponte, et que lla furtara con a sella e con o freo et que fora despois por ela preso ena Cruña",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bridle"
],
"id": "en-freo-gl-noun-6YilkEUl",
"links": [
[
"bridle",
"bridle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brida"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bit of the bridle"
],
"id": "en-freo-gl-noun-p1Gu-Xl-",
"links": [
[
"bit",
"bit"
],
[
"bridle",
"bridle"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 28 19 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"strait, passage"
],
"id": "en-freo-gl-noun-xicaVyAC",
"links": [
[
"strait",
"strait"
],
[
"passage",
"passage"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈfɾe.ʊ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfɾeʊ̯]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "freu"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cantigas de Santa Maria"
],
"word": "freo"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "freosan",
"tags": [
"emphatic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "prepositional pronoun",
"3": "emphatic",
"4": "freosan",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "freo (emphatic freosan)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "freosan"
},
"expansion": "freo (emphatic freosan)",
"name": "ga-prpr"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish prepositional pronouns",
"parents": [
"Prepositional pronouns",
"Prepositions",
"Pronoun forms",
"Lemmas",
"Non-lemma forms",
"Pronouns"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 7 5 12 45 11 15 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Anglian Old English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 7 5 19 43 10 12 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northumbrian Old English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 6 4 31 39 9 8 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "fré"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person plural of fré"
],
"id": "en-freo-ga-pron-aWLY4rTI",
"links": [
[
"fré",
"fré#Irish"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "freob"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fˠɾˠoːbˠ/",
"tags": [
"Cois-Fharraige"
]
}
],
"word": "freo"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "frēolīċ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "frēolīċe"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fre",
"3": "vri",
"4": "vry"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: fre, vri, vry",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: fre, vri, vry"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "free"
},
"expansion": "English: free",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: free"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hif",
"2": "firii",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Fiji Hindi: firii",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Fiji Hindi: firii"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fre"
},
"expansion": "Scots: fre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: fre"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*preyH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*friu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *friu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*frī"
},
"expansion": "*frī",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*friund"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *friund",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*frijōndz"
},
"expansion": "*frijōndz",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *friu, a byform of *frī. The transmission of this word was complex. The Proto-Germanic form must have been *frijwaz. After loss of final *-az and syllabification of *-w, the resulting West-Germanic form was *friju, which developed further to *frīju after gemination and vocalization of *j between *i and another *j. The sequence *iju, *īju then contracts to *iu, yielding a final form *friu (cf. Proto-West Germanic *friund, from *frijōndz), which develops normally to Old English frīo, frēo. The oblique forms should however have retained *-j- in all instances in which it was not followed by *u, yielding an alternation between frīo and frīġ- throughout the paradigm. This alternation, though sparsely attested in the Old English corpus, was too irregular to have been maintained for long and was eventually levelled away in all dialects in favor either of the diphthongal nominative or the oblique forms in -ġ-. Note also that *w was deleted between *īj and any front vowel, thus explaining its absence in certain oblique forms such as frīġes, from earlier /ˈfriːj.wæs/. See Hogg 1992 sections 3.17, 3.19(3), 4.7, and 4.9(1) for details.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "frēo",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēore",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēore",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēore",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēona",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēona",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēona",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frēo"
},
"expansion": "frēo",
"name": "ang-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frēo"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "frēond"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "frēoġan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "friþ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "frīġ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "he shall be free.",
"text": "c. 890, Alfred the Great, Laws\nBeo he freo",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"free, at liberty; exempt"
],
"id": "en-freo-ang-adj-IWItOCuf",
"links": [
[
"free",
"free"
],
[
"liberty",
"liberty"
],
[
"exempt",
"exempt"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 59 2 38",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Female people",
"orig": "ang:Female people",
"parents": [
"Female",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "then a number of noble children were brought forth.",
"text": "c. 700 Cædmon, Metrical Paraphrase\nÐa wearþ worn afeded freora bearna",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noble, glad"
],
"id": "en-freo-ang-adj-EfzfjoGL",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"noble",
"noble"
],
[
"glad",
"glad"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) noble, glad"
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fre͜oː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frīo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "freoh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frioh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "friġ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frī"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frȳ"
}
],
"word": "freo"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*preyH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*friu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *friu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*frī"
},
"expansion": "*frī",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*friund"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *friund",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*frijōndz"
},
"expansion": "*frijōndz",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *friu, a byform of *frī. The transmission of this word was complex. The Proto-Germanic form must have been *frijwaz. After loss of final *-az and syllabification of *-w, the resulting West-Germanic form was *friju, which developed further to *frīju after gemination and vocalization of *j between *i and another *j. The sequence *iju, *īju then contracts to *iu, yielding a final form *friu (cf. Proto-West Germanic *friund, from *frijōndz), which develops normally to Old English frīo, frēo. The oblique forms should however have retained *-j- in all instances in which it was not followed by *u, yielding an alternation between frīo and frīġ- throughout the paradigm. This alternation, though sparsely attested in the Old English corpus, was too irregular to have been maintained for long and was eventually levelled away in all dialects in favor either of the diphthongal nominative or the oblique forms in -ġ-. Note also that *w was deleted between *īj and any front vowel, thus explaining its absence in certain oblique forms such as frīġes, from earlier /ˈfriːj.wæs/. See Hogg 1992 sections 3.17, 3.19(3), 4.7, and 4.9(1) for details.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "frēo",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-n-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēona",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "frēo",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "frēo m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "frēo"
},
"expansion": "frēo m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frēo",
"vowel": "1"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-n-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frēo",
"2": "frēon",
"3": "frēon",
"4": "frēon",
"5": "frēon",
"6": "frēona",
"7": "frēon",
"8": "frēom,frēoum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "weak"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a free man, man"
],
"id": "en-freo-ang-noun-KF-Hqyqe",
"links": [
[
"man",
"man"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fre͜oː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frīo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "freoh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frioh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "friġ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frī"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frȳ"
}
],
"word": "freo"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*frauwjā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *frauwjā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*frawjǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *frawjǭ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*frawjô",
"3": "",
"4": "lord"
},
"expansion": "*frawjô (“lord”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "frēa"
},
"expansion": "Old English frēa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*proHwo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *proHwo-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*per-",
"t": "to go forward"
},
"expansion": "*per- (“to go forward”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "frūa"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon frūa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "frouwa"
},
"expansion": "Old High German frouwa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Frau"
},
"expansion": "German Frau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "freyja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse freyja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*prāvъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *prāvъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "правъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic правъ (pravŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пра́вый",
"t": "right"
},
"expansion": "Russian пра́вый (právyj, “right”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "provincia"
},
"expansion": "Latin provincia",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*frijō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *frijō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "frēoġan",
"t": "to liberate; to love"
},
"expansion": "Old English frēoġan (“to liberate; to love”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; possible etymologies include:\n* From Proto-West Germanic *frauwjā, from Proto-Germanic *frawjǭ, a feminine form of *frawjô (“lord”) (Old English frēa), from Proto-Indo-European *proHwo-, a derivation from *per- (“to go forward”). Cognate with Old Saxon frūa, Old High German frouwa (German Frau), Old Norse freyja. The Indo-European root is also the source of Proto-Slavic *prāvъ (Old Church Slavonic правъ (pravŭ), Russian пра́вый (právyj, “right”)), and the first element of Latin provincia.\n* From Proto-Germanic *frijō, of the same root as etymology 1 above and related to the verb that yielded Old English frēoġan (“to liberate; to love”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "frēo",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "frēo",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "frēo f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"head": "frēo"
},
"expansion": "frēo f",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "until he found the fairest woman",
"ref": "c. 700, Cædmon, Metrical Paraphrase",
"text": "oþ-ðæt hē funde frēo fæġroste",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a woman"
],
"id": "en-freo-ang-noun-bnngEl2N",
"links": [
[
"woman",
"woman"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "frēa"
},
{
"word": "frōwe"
}
]
}
],
"word": "freo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Anglian Old English",
"Galician countable nouns",
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician lemmas",
"Galician masculine nouns",
"Galician nouns",
"Galician terms derived from Latin",
"Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Galician terms inherited from Latin",
"Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Galician terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Northumbrian Old English",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms with unknown etymologies",
"ang:Female people"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "frẽo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese frẽo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "la",
"3": "frēnum"
},
"expansion": "Latin frēnum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "freio"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese freio",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "freno"
},
"expansion": "Spanish freno",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frein"
},
"expansion": "French frein",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese frẽo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin frēnum. Cognate with Portuguese freio, Spanish freno and French frein.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "freos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "freo m (plural freos)",
"name": "gl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "enfrear"
},
{
"word": "frear"
},
{
"word": "refrear"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"brake"
],
"links": [
[
"brake",
"brake"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "entrabe"
},
{
"word": "trabán"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Galician terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1455, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 316",
"roman": "Item, that he stole the mare of Pedro Gaio, from his house that is close to the town of Ribadavia, by the bridge; and that he stole her with saddle and bridle, and that later he was captured because of her in A Coruña",
"text": "Iten, que furtara a faqa a Pero Gayo da sua casa, que está á par da vila de Ribadauia, da casa que está á par da ponte, et que lla furtara con a sella e con o freo et que fora despois por ela preso ena Cruña",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bridle"
],
"links": [
[
"bridle",
"bridle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brida"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bit of the bridle"
],
"links": [
[
"bit",
"bit"
],
[
"bridle",
"bridle"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"strait, passage"
],
"links": [
[
"strait",
"strait"
],
[
"passage",
"passage"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈfɾe.ʊ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfɾeʊ̯]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "freu"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cantigas de Santa Maria"
],
"word": "freo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Anglian Old English",
"Northumbrian Old English",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms with unknown etymologies",
"ang:Female people"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "freosan",
"tags": [
"emphatic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "prepositional pronoun",
"3": "emphatic",
"4": "freosan",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "freo (emphatic freosan)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "freosan"
},
"expansion": "freo (emphatic freosan)",
"name": "ga-prpr"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish non-lemma forms",
"Irish prepositional pronouns",
"Irish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "fré"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person plural of fré"
],
"links": [
[
"fré",
"fré#Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fˠɾˠoːbˠ/",
"tags": [
"Cois-Fharraige"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "freob"
}
],
"word": "freo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Anglian Old English",
"Northumbrian Old English",
"Old English adjectives",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine n-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preyH-",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with unknown etymologies",
"ang:Female people"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "frēolīċ"
},
{
"word": "frēolīċe"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fre",
"3": "vri",
"4": "vry"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: fre, vri, vry",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: fre, vri, vry"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "free"
},
"expansion": "English: free",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: free"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hif",
"2": "firii",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Fiji Hindi: firii",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Fiji Hindi: firii"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fre"
},
"expansion": "Scots: fre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: fre"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*preyH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*friu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *friu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*frī"
},
"expansion": "*frī",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*friund"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *friund",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*frijōndz"
},
"expansion": "*frijōndz",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *friu, a byform of *frī. The transmission of this word was complex. The Proto-Germanic form must have been *frijwaz. After loss of final *-az and syllabification of *-w, the resulting West-Germanic form was *friju, which developed further to *frīju after gemination and vocalization of *j between *i and another *j. The sequence *iju, *īju then contracts to *iu, yielding a final form *friu (cf. Proto-West Germanic *friund, from *frijōndz), which develops normally to Old English frīo, frēo. The oblique forms should however have retained *-j- in all instances in which it was not followed by *u, yielding an alternation between frīo and frīġ- throughout the paradigm. This alternation, though sparsely attested in the Old English corpus, was too irregular to have been maintained for long and was eventually levelled away in all dialects in favor either of the diphthongal nominative or the oblique forms in -ġ-. Note also that *w was deleted between *īj and any front vowel, thus explaining its absence in certain oblique forms such as frīġes, from earlier /ˈfriːj.wæs/. See Hogg 1992 sections 3.17, 3.19(3), 4.7, and 4.9(1) for details.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "frēo",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēore",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēore",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēore",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēona",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēona",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēona",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frēo"
},
"expansion": "frēo",
"name": "ang-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frēo"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "frēond"
},
{
"word": "frēoġan"
},
{
"word": "friþ"
},
{
"word": "frīġ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "he shall be free.",
"text": "c. 890, Alfred the Great, Laws\nBeo he freo",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"free, at liberty; exempt"
],
"links": [
[
"free",
"free"
],
[
"liberty",
"liberty"
],
[
"exempt",
"exempt"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English poetic terms",
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "then a number of noble children were brought forth.",
"text": "c. 700 Cædmon, Metrical Paraphrase\nÐa wearþ worn afeded freora bearna",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noble, glad"
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"noble",
"noble"
],
[
"glad",
"glad"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) noble, glad"
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fre͜oː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "frīo"
},
{
"word": "freoh"
},
{
"word": "frioh"
},
{
"word": "friġ"
},
{
"word": "frī"
},
{
"word": "frȳ"
}
],
"word": "freo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Anglian Old English",
"Northumbrian Old English",
"Old English adjectives",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine n-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preyH-",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with unknown etymologies",
"ang:Female people"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*preyH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*friu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *friu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*frī"
},
"expansion": "*frī",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*friund"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *friund",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*frijōndz"
},
"expansion": "*frijōndz",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *friu, a byform of *frī. The transmission of this word was complex. The Proto-Germanic form must have been *frijwaz. After loss of final *-az and syllabification of *-w, the resulting West-Germanic form was *friju, which developed further to *frīju after gemination and vocalization of *j between *i and another *j. The sequence *iju, *īju then contracts to *iu, yielding a final form *friu (cf. Proto-West Germanic *friund, from *frijōndz), which develops normally to Old English frīo, frēo. The oblique forms should however have retained *-j- in all instances in which it was not followed by *u, yielding an alternation between frīo and frīġ- throughout the paradigm. This alternation, though sparsely attested in the Old English corpus, was too irregular to have been maintained for long and was eventually levelled away in all dialects in favor either of the diphthongal nominative or the oblique forms in -ġ-. Note also that *w was deleted between *īj and any front vowel, thus explaining its absence in certain oblique forms such as frīġes, from earlier /ˈfriːj.wæs/. See Hogg 1992 sections 3.17, 3.19(3), 4.7, and 4.9(1) for details.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "frēo",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-n-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "frēo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēona",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frēom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frēoum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "frēo",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "frēo m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "frēo"
},
"expansion": "frēo m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frēo",
"vowel": "1"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-n-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frēo",
"2": "frēon",
"3": "frēon",
"4": "frēon",
"5": "frēon",
"6": "frēona",
"7": "frēon",
"8": "frēom,frēoum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "weak"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a free man, man"
],
"links": [
[
"man",
"man"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fre͜oː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "frīo"
},
{
"word": "freoh"
},
{
"word": "frioh"
},
{
"word": "friġ"
},
{
"word": "frī"
},
{
"word": "frȳ"
}
],
"word": "freo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Anglian Old English",
"Northumbrian Old English",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms with unknown etymologies",
"ang:Female people"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*frauwjā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *frauwjā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*frawjǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *frawjǭ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*frawjô",
"3": "",
"4": "lord"
},
"expansion": "*frawjô (“lord”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "frēa"
},
"expansion": "Old English frēa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*proHwo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *proHwo-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*per-",
"t": "to go forward"
},
"expansion": "*per- (“to go forward”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "frūa"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon frūa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "frouwa"
},
"expansion": "Old High German frouwa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Frau"
},
"expansion": "German Frau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "freyja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse freyja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*prāvъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *prāvъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "правъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic правъ (pravŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пра́вый",
"t": "right"
},
"expansion": "Russian пра́вый (právyj, “right”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "provincia"
},
"expansion": "Latin provincia",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*frijō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *frijō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "frēoġan",
"t": "to liberate; to love"
},
"expansion": "Old English frēoġan (“to liberate; to love”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; possible etymologies include:\n* From Proto-West Germanic *frauwjā, from Proto-Germanic *frawjǭ, a feminine form of *frawjô (“lord”) (Old English frēa), from Proto-Indo-European *proHwo-, a derivation from *per- (“to go forward”). Cognate with Old Saxon frūa, Old High German frouwa (German Frau), Old Norse freyja. The Indo-European root is also the source of Proto-Slavic *prāvъ (Old Church Slavonic правъ (pravŭ), Russian пра́вый (právyj, “right”)), and the first element of Latin provincia.\n* From Proto-Germanic *frijō, of the same root as etymology 1 above and related to the verb that yielded Old English frēoġan (“to liberate; to love”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "frēo",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "frēo",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "frēo f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"head": "frēo"
},
"expansion": "frēo f",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "frēa"
},
{
"word": "frōwe"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "until he found the fairest woman",
"ref": "c. 700, Cædmon, Metrical Paraphrase",
"text": "oþ-ðæt hē funde frēo fæġroste",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a woman"
],
"links": [
[
"woman",
"woman"
]
]
}
],
"word": "freo"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Northumbrian",
"path": [
"freo"
],
"section": "Old English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "freo",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.