"firth" meaning in All languages combined

See firth on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /fɜːθ/ [Received-Pronunciation], /fɝθ/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-firth.wav Forms: firths [plural]
Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)θ Etymology: Borrowed from Scots firth, furth, from Northern Middle English fyrth, from either or both of Old English ford and Old Norse fjǫrðr (“firth, fjord”), from Proto-Germanic *ferþu, *ferþuz (“inlet, fjord”), from Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”), from *per- (“to carry forth”) + *-tus (suffix forming action nouns from verb roots). The English word is a doublet of fjord, ford, port, and fjard. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*per-|id=fare}}, {{bor|en|sco|firth}} Scots firth, {{sup|1}} ¹, {{inh|en|enm-nor|fyrth}} Northern Middle English fyrth, {{inh|en|ang|ford}} Old English ford, {{der|en|non|fjǫrðr|t=firth, fjord}} Old Norse fjǫrðr (“firth, fjord”), {{sup|2}} ², {{der|en|gem-pro|*ferþu}} Proto-Germanic *ferþu, {{der|en|ine-pro|*pértus|t=crossing}} Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”), {{glossary|suffix}} suffix, {{glossary|noun}} noun, {{glossary|verb}} verb, {{glossary|root}} root, {{doublet|en|fjord|ford|port|fjard|nocap=1}} doublet of fjord, ford, port, and fjard Head templates: {{en-noun}} firth (plural firths)
  1. An arm or inlet of the sea; a river estuary. Categories (place): Bodies of water Synonyms: frith Hypernyms: loch, sea loch Translations (arm or inlet of the sea): тесен залив (tesen zaliv) [masculine] (Bulgarian), ústí řeky (Czech), estuaari (Finnish), lahti (Finnish), vuono (Finnish), esteiro [masculine] (Galician), ría [feminine] (Galician), fjǫrðr [masculine] (Old Norse), лима́н (limán) [masculine] (Russian), firth (Scots), caol [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), linne [feminine] (Scottish Gaelic), ría [feminine] (Spanish)
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun [English]

Forms: firths [plural]
Etymology: From Middle English fyrth, a metathetic variant of frith (“forest”), from Old English fyrhþe, fyrhþ (“forest, wooded country; game preserve, hunting ground”), from Proto-West Germanic *furhiþi (“forest, woodland”), Proto-Germanic *furhiþją (“forest, wooded country”), *furhiþǭ, from *furhu (“fir; pine”), from *furahō, *furhō (“fir; pine; (fir or pine) forest”), from Proto-Indo-European *pérkus (“oak”), from *perkʷ- (“oak”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*perkʷ-}}, {{inh|en|enm|fyrth}} Middle English fyrth, {{sup|1}} ¹, {{glossary|metathetic}} metathetic, {{inh|en|ang|fyrhþe}} Old English fyrhþe, {{sup|2}} ², {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*furhiþi|t=forest, woodland}} Proto-West Germanic *furhiþi (“forest, woodland”), {{inh|en|gem-pro|*furhiþją|t=forest, wooded country}} Proto-Germanic *furhiþją (“forest, wooded country”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*pérkus|t=oak}} Proto-Indo-European *pérkus (“oak”) Head templates: {{en-noun}} firth (plural firths)
  1. (chiefly Northern England, Scotland) Alternative form of frith (“a forest used for hunting; a (small) wood; wooded country; land covered mainly by brushwood”) Tags: Northern-England, Scotland, alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: frith (extra: (“a forest used for hunting; a (small) wood; wooded country; land covered mainly by brushwood”)) Categories (place): Bodies of water Synonyms: fyrth [obsolete]
    Sense id: en-firth-en-noun-QrzZczmR Disambiguation of Bodies of water: 49 51 Categories (other): Northern England English, Scottish English, English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 42 58 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 35 65 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 39 61
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun [Middle English]

Head templates: {{head|enm|noun}} firth
  1. Alternative form of frith (“peace”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: frith (extra: peace)
    Sense id: en-firth-enm-noun-BRxlizOO Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*per-",
        "id": "fare"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sco",
        "3": "firth"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots firth",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
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      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "enm-nor",
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      },
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      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ford"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ford",
      "name": "inh"
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      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "fjǫrðr",
        "t": "firth, fjord"
      },
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      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ferþu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ferþu",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pértus",
        "t": "crossing"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”)",
      "name": "der"
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      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
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      "expansion": "suffix",
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        "1": "noun"
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      "name": "glossary"
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      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
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      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
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      "args": {
        "1": "root"
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      "expansion": "root",
      "name": "glossary"
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      "args": {
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        "2": "fjord",
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        "4": "port",
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        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "doublet of fjord, ford, port, and fjard",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Scots firth, furth, from Northern Middle English fyrth, from either or both of Old English ford and Old Norse fjǫrðr (“firth, fjord”), from Proto-Germanic *ferþu, *ferþuz (“inlet, fjord”), from Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”), from *per- (“to carry forth”) + *-tus (suffix forming action nouns from verb roots). The English word is a doublet of fjord, ford, port, and fjard.",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "firths",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
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  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {},
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  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
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          "name": "Terms with Galician translations",
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          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Bodies of water",
          "orig": "en:Bodies of water",
          "parents": [
            "Landforms",
            "Water",
            "Earth",
            "Places",
            "Liquids",
            "Nature",
            "Names",
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            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
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            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Sciences",
            "Lemmas"
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      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "Beauly Firth"
        },
        {
          "word": "Cromarty Firth"
        },
        {
          "word": "Dornoch Firth"
        },
        {
          "word": "Firth of Clyde"
        },
        {
          "word": "Firth of Forth"
        },
        {
          "word": "Firth of Lorn"
        },
        {
          "word": "Firth of Tay"
        },
        {
          "word": "Firth of Thames"
        },
        {
          "word": "Moray Firth"
        },
        {
          "word": "Pentland Firth"
        },
        {
          "word": "Solway Firth"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1947 January and February, O. S. Nock, “\"The Aberdonian\" in Wartime”, in Railway Magazine, page 7:",
          "text": "The descent continues, still more steeply to Dundee (Tay Bridge), and approaching from the bridge itself this sharp descent gives the curious appearance that the station is below the level of the firth.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 440:",
          "text": "They drove on, every rise in the road lifting their sightline clear of the drystone dykes along the roadside, gifting glimpses of the firth and the islands, the blue peaks of Arran.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An arm or inlet of the sea; a river estuary."
      ],
      "hypernyms": [
        {
          "word": "loch"
        },
        {
          "word": "sea loch"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-firth-en-noun-LYBA6rm~",
      "links": [
        [
          "arm",
          "arm#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "inlet",
          "inlet"
        ],
        [
          "sea",
          "sea"
        ],
        [
          "river",
          "river"
        ],
        [
          "estuary",
          "estuary"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "frith"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "tesen zaliv",
          "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "тесен залив"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
          "word": "ústí řeky"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
          "word": "estuaari"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
          "word": "lahti"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
          "word": "vuono"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "esteiro"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ría"
        },
        {
          "code": "non",
          "lang": "Old Norse",
          "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "fjǫrðr"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "limán",
          "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "лима́н"
        },
        {
          "code": "sco",
          "lang": "Scots",
          "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
          "word": "firth"
        },
        {
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "caol"
        },
        {
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "linne"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ría"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/fɜːθ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-firth.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-firth.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-firth.wav.mp3",
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    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fɝθ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)θ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "firth"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
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        "3": "*perkʷ-"
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      "args": {
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      "args": {
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        "3": "*furhiþi",
        "t": "forest, woodland"
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      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pérkus",
        "t": "oak"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pérkus (“oak”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English fyrth, a metathetic variant of frith (“forest”), from Old English fyrhþe, fyrhþ (“forest, wooded country; game preserve, hunting ground”), from Proto-West Germanic *furhiþi (“forest, woodland”), Proto-Germanic *furhiþją (“forest, wooded country”), *furhiþǭ, from *furhu (“fir; pine”), from *furahō, *furhō (“fir; pine; (fir or pine) forest”), from Proto-Indo-European *pérkus (“oak”), from *perkʷ- (“oak”).",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "firths",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
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  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "firth (plural firths)",
      "name": "en-noun"
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
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        {
          "extra": "(“a forest used for hunting; a (small) wood; wooded country; land covered mainly by brushwood”)",
          "word": "frith"
        }
      ],
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          "kind": "other",
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        {
          "kind": "other",
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        {
          "_dis": "42 58",
          "kind": "other",
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          "_dis": "35 65",
          "kind": "other",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
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          "_dis": "39 61",
          "kind": "other",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "place",
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          "orig": "en:Bodies of water",
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            "Earth",
            "Places",
            "Liquids",
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            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Chemistry",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Sciences",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of frith (“a forest used for hunting; a (small) wood; wooded country; land covered mainly by brushwood”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-firth-en-noun-QrzZczmR",
      "links": [
        [
          "frith",
          "frith#English:_wood"
        ],
        [
          "forest",
          "forest"
        ],
        [
          "used",
          "use#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "hunting",
          "hunting#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "small",
          "small"
        ],
        [
          "wood",
          "wood#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "wooded",
          "wooded#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "country",
          "country"
        ],
        [
          "land",
          "land#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "covered",
          "cover#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "brushwood",
          "brushwood"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly Northern England, Scotland) Alternative form of frith (“a forest used for hunting; a (small) wood; wooded country; land covered mainly by brushwood”)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "obsolete"
          ],
          "word": "fyrth"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Northern-England",
        "Scotland",
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "firth"
}

{
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      "expansion": "firth",
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  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "peace",
          "word": "frith"
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      "categories": [
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
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          "source": "w"
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      ],
      "id": "en-firth-enm-noun-BRxlizOO",
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          "frith",
          "frith#Middle_English:_peace"
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      ],
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        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
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    }
  ],
  "word": "firth"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Scots",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Northern Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Old Norse",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Scots",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (fare)",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *perkʷ-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Northern Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)θ",
    "Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)θ/1 syllable",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Old Norse translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Scots translations",
    "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "en:Bodies of water"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "Beauly Firth"
    },
    {
      "word": "Cromarty Firth"
    },
    {
      "word": "Dornoch Firth"
    },
    {
      "word": "Firth of Clyde"
    },
    {
      "word": "Firth of Forth"
    },
    {
      "word": "Firth of Lorn"
    },
    {
      "word": "Firth of Tay"
    },
    {
      "word": "Firth of Thames"
    },
    {
      "word": "Moray Firth"
    },
    {
      "word": "Pentland Firth"
    },
    {
      "word": "Solway Firth"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*per-",
        "id": "fare"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sco",
        "3": "firth"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots firth",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "¹",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm-nor",
        "3": "fyrth"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Middle English fyrth",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ford"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ford",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "fjǫrðr",
        "t": "firth, fjord"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse fjǫrðr (“firth, fjord”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ferþu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ferþu",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pértus",
        "t": "crossing"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "root"
      },
      "expansion": "root",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fjord",
        "3": "ford",
        "4": "port",
        "5": "fjard",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "doublet of fjord, ford, port, and fjard",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Scots firth, furth, from Northern Middle English fyrth, from either or both of Old English ford and Old Norse fjǫrðr (“firth, fjord”), from Proto-Germanic *ferþu, *ferþuz (“inlet, fjord”), from Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”), from *per- (“to carry forth”) + *-tus (suffix forming action nouns from verb roots). The English word is a doublet of fjord, ford, port, and fjard.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "firths",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "firth (plural firths)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "word": "loch"
    },
    {
      "word": "sea loch"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1947 January and February, O. S. Nock, “\"The Aberdonian\" in Wartime”, in Railway Magazine, page 7:",
          "text": "The descent continues, still more steeply to Dundee (Tay Bridge), and approaching from the bridge itself this sharp descent gives the curious appearance that the station is below the level of the firth.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 440:",
          "text": "They drove on, every rise in the road lifting their sightline clear of the drystone dykes along the roadside, gifting glimpses of the firth and the islands, the blue peaks of Arran.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An arm or inlet of the sea; a river estuary."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "arm",
          "arm#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "inlet",
          "inlet"
        ],
        [
          "sea",
          "sea"
        ],
        [
          "river",
          "river"
        ],
        [
          "estuary",
          "estuary"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/fɜːθ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-firth.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-firth.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-firth.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-firth.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-firth.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fɝθ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)θ"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "frith"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "tesen zaliv",
      "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "тесен залив"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
      "word": "ústí řeky"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
      "word": "estuaari"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
      "word": "lahti"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
      "word": "vuono"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "esteiro"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ría"
    },
    {
      "code": "non",
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fjǫrðr"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "limán",
      "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "лима́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "sco",
      "lang": "Scots",
      "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
      "word": "firth"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "caol"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "linne"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "arm or inlet of the sea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ría"
    }
  ],
  "word": "firth"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *perkʷ-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "en:Bodies of water"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*perkʷ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "fyrth"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English fyrth",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "¹",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "metathetic"
      },
      "expansion": "metathetic",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "fyrhþe"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English fyrhþe",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*furhiþi",
        "t": "forest, woodland"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *furhiþi (“forest, woodland”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*furhiþją",
        "t": "forest, wooded country"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furhiþją (“forest, wooded country”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pérkus",
        "t": "oak"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pérkus (“oak”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English fyrth, a metathetic variant of frith (“forest”), from Old English fyrhþe, fyrhþ (“forest, wooded country; game preserve, hunting ground”), from Proto-West Germanic *furhiþi (“forest, woodland”), Proto-Germanic *furhiþją (“forest, wooded country”), *furhiþǭ, from *furhu (“fir; pine”), from *furahō, *furhō (“fir; pine; (fir or pine) forest”), from Proto-Indo-European *pérkus (“oak”), from *perkʷ- (“oak”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "firths",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "firth (plural firths)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(“a forest used for hunting; a (small) wood; wooded country; land covered mainly by brushwood”)",
          "word": "frith"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Northern England English",
        "Scottish English"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of frith (“a forest used for hunting; a (small) wood; wooded country; land covered mainly by brushwood”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "frith",
          "frith#English:_wood"
        ],
        [
          "forest",
          "forest"
        ],
        [
          "used",
          "use#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "hunting",
          "hunting#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "small",
          "small"
        ],
        [
          "wood",
          "wood#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "wooded",
          "wooded#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "country",
          "country"
        ],
        [
          "land",
          "land#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "covered",
          "cover#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "brushwood",
          "brushwood"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly Northern England, Scotland) Alternative form of frith (“a forest used for hunting; a (small) wood; wooded country; land covered mainly by brushwood”)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Northern-England",
        "Scotland",
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "fyrth"
    }
  ],
  "word": "firth"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "firth",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "peace",
          "word": "frith"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Middle English lemmas",
        "Middle English nouns",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of frith (“peace”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "frith",
          "frith#Middle_English:_peace"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "firth"
}

Download raw JSONL data for firth meaning in All languages combined (10.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.