See eruca on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for eruca meaning in All languages combined (11.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "erucism"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "eruca"
},
"expansion": "Latin eruca",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "arugula"
},
"expansion": "arugula",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rucola"
},
"expansion": "rucola",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rocket"
},
"expansion": "rocket",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "roquette"
},
"expansion": "roquette",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin eruca, in its senses of \"caterpillar\" and \"colewort\" respectively. Cognate with arugula, rucola, rocket, roquette.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "erucae",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "erucae"
},
"expansion": "eruca (plural erucae)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "en:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Caterpillar; larva."
],
"id": "en-eruca-en-noun-OIVFW8TA",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"Caterpillar",
"caterpillar"
],
[
"larva",
"larva"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) Caterpillar; larva."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cooking",
"orig": "en:Cooking",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1727, Stephen SWITZER, The Practical Kitchen Gardiner: Or, a New and Entire System of Directions for His Employment in the Melonry, Kitchen-garden, and Potagery, in the Several Seasons of the Year, Etc, page 276",
"text": "The eruca, or rocket, so called from the Greek, […] was had in so great esteem heretofore, as to its efficacy in conjugal performances, that many of the antient authors, both in poetry and prose, make mention of it purely for that purpose:[…]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1822, Stephen Reynolds Clarke, Hortus Anglicanus; or, The modern English garden, by the author of the British botanist, page 171",
"text": "Eruca, or Garden Rocket, was formerly much used as a salad herb, but has been long rejected on account of its ungrateful smell.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Arugula or rocket."
],
"id": "en-eruca-en-noun-4RLTnH7C",
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"Arugula",
"arugula"
],
[
"rocket",
"rocket"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking) Arugula or rocket."
],
"topics": [
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"word": "eruca"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "eruga",
"3": "ruca",
"gloss": "caterpillar",
"gloss2": "rocket"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: eruga (“caterpillar”), ruca (“rocket”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: eruga (“caterpillar”), ruca (“rocket”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "eiruga"
},
"expansion": "Galician: eiruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: eiruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "eruca",
"gloss": "caterpillar"
},
"expansion": "Italian: eruca (“caterpillar”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ruca",
"gloss": "rocket",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "ruca (“rocket”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ruga",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "ruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: eruca (“caterpillar”), ruca (“rocket”), ruga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rauke",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Rauke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Rauke"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "ρόκα",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: ρόκα (róka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: ρόκα (róka)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ruchetta",
"der": "1",
"gloss": "rocket"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Italian: ruchetta (“rocket”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Italian: ruchetta (“rocket”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "roquete",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: roquete",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: roquete"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rokette",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: rokette",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: rokette"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rocket"
},
"expansion": "English: rocket",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: rocket"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "roquette"
},
"expansion": "French: roquette",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: roquette"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "rucola",
"der": "1",
"gloss": "rocket"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Italian: rucola (“rocket”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Italian: rucola (“rocket”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rucola",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Rucola",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Rucola"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "rukola",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: rukola",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: rukola"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "rúcula",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: rúcula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: rúcula"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "eruga"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: eruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: eruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "eruca",
"3": "eruga"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: eruca, eruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: eruca, eruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "ruga"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: ruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: ruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "oruga"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: oruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: oruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "Eruca"
},
"expansion": "Translingual: Eruca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Translingual: Eruca"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"3": "*ēr-ūca"
},
"expansion": "*ēr-ūca",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ēr",
"t": "hedgehog"
},
"expansion": "ēr (“hedgehog”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"3": "-ūca"
},
"expansion": "-ūca",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verrūca",
"t": "wart, hillock"
},
"expansion": "verrūca (“wart, hillock”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ǵʰer(s)-uk-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer(s)-uk-eh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰers-",
"4": "",
"5": "to bristle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers- (“to bristle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "garw",
"3": "",
"4": "rough"
},
"expansion": "Welsh garw (“rough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬨𐬥𐬀",
"t": "ruffling one's feathers"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬨𐬥𐬀 (zaršaiiamna, “ruffling one's feathers”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "हर्षते",
"3": "",
"4": "bristles"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit हर्षते (harṣate, “bristles”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "erūca"
},
"expansion": "erūca",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "urūca"
},
"expansion": "urūca",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Analyzable as *ēr-ūca, from ēr (“hedgehog”) + a suffix -ūca which is likely by analogy with verrūca (“wart, hillock”), named so for the rugged backs of many caterpillars resembling those of hedgehogs.\nAn alternative theory derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer(s)-uk-eh₂, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers- (“to bristle”) (likely of the same ultimate origin as the above etymology), see also Welsh garw (“rough”), Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬨𐬥𐬀 (zaršaiiamna, “ruffling one's feathers”), Sanskrit हर्षते (harṣate, “bristles”).\nLatin erūca and its variant urūca denote the plant and the caterpillar. In such cases, usually the animal name is primary and has been extended to the plant (so the rocket can be interpreted as “caterpillar plant”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ērūca",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ērūca<1>"
},
"expansion": "ērūca f (genitive ērūcae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ērūca<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "brūchus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "70 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"caterpillar"
],
"id": "en-eruca-la-noun-uv~fN6pd",
"links": [
[
"caterpillar",
"caterpillar"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Insects",
"orig": "la:Insects",
"parents": [
"Arthropods",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Spices and herbs",
"orig": "la:Spices and herbs",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"colewort, rocket"
],
"id": "en-eruca-la-noun-Tk78oUFS",
"links": [
[
"colewort",
"colewort"
],
[
"rocket",
"rocket"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːˈruː.ka/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[eːˈruːkä]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/eˈru.ka/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[eˈruːkä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "eruca"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"la:Insects",
"la:Spices and herbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "erucism"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "eruca"
},
"expansion": "Latin eruca",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "arugula"
},
"expansion": "arugula",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rucola"
},
"expansion": "rucola",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rocket"
},
"expansion": "rocket",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "roquette"
},
"expansion": "roquette",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin eruca, in its senses of \"caterpillar\" and \"colewort\" respectively. Cognate with arugula, rucola, rocket, roquette.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "erucae",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "erucae"
},
"expansion": "eruca (plural erucae)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"Caterpillar; larva."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"Caterpillar",
"caterpillar"
],
[
"larva",
"larva"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) Caterpillar; larva."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Cooking"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1727, Stephen SWITZER, The Practical Kitchen Gardiner: Or, a New and Entire System of Directions for His Employment in the Melonry, Kitchen-garden, and Potagery, in the Several Seasons of the Year, Etc, page 276",
"text": "The eruca, or rocket, so called from the Greek, […] was had in so great esteem heretofore, as to its efficacy in conjugal performances, that many of the antient authors, both in poetry and prose, make mention of it purely for that purpose:[…]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1822, Stephen Reynolds Clarke, Hortus Anglicanus; or, The modern English garden, by the author of the British botanist, page 171",
"text": "Eruca, or Garden Rocket, was formerly much used as a salad herb, but has been long rejected on account of its ungrateful smell.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Arugula or rocket."
],
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"Arugula",
"arugula"
],
[
"rocket",
"rocket"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking) Arugula or rocket."
],
"topics": [
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"word": "eruca"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"la:Insects",
"la:Spices and herbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "eruga",
"3": "ruca",
"gloss": "caterpillar",
"gloss2": "rocket"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: eruga (“caterpillar”), ruca (“rocket”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: eruga (“caterpillar”), ruca (“rocket”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "eiruga"
},
"expansion": "Galician: eiruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: eiruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "eruca",
"gloss": "caterpillar"
},
"expansion": "Italian: eruca (“caterpillar”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ruca",
"gloss": "rocket",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "ruca (“rocket”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ruga",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "ruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: eruca (“caterpillar”), ruca (“rocket”), ruga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rauke",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Rauke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Rauke"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "ρόκα",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: ρόκα (róka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: ρόκα (róka)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ruchetta",
"der": "1",
"gloss": "rocket"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Italian: ruchetta (“rocket”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Italian: ruchetta (“rocket”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "roquete",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: roquete",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: roquete"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rokette",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: rokette",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: rokette"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rocket"
},
"expansion": "English: rocket",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: rocket"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "roquette"
},
"expansion": "French: roquette",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: roquette"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "rucola",
"der": "1",
"gloss": "rocket"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Italian: rucola (“rocket”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Italian: rucola (“rocket”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rucola",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Rucola",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Rucola"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "rukola",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: rukola",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: rukola"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "rúcula",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: rúcula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: rúcula"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "eruga"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: eruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: eruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "eruca",
"3": "eruga"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: eruca, eruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: eruca, eruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "ruga"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: ruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: ruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "oruga"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: oruga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: oruga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "Eruca"
},
"expansion": "Translingual: Eruca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Translingual: Eruca"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"3": "*ēr-ūca"
},
"expansion": "*ēr-ūca",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ēr",
"t": "hedgehog"
},
"expansion": "ēr (“hedgehog”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"3": "-ūca"
},
"expansion": "-ūca",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verrūca",
"t": "wart, hillock"
},
"expansion": "verrūca (“wart, hillock”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ǵʰer(s)-uk-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer(s)-uk-eh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰers-",
"4": "",
"5": "to bristle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers- (“to bristle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "garw",
"3": "",
"4": "rough"
},
"expansion": "Welsh garw (“rough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬨𐬥𐬀",
"t": "ruffling one's feathers"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬨𐬥𐬀 (zaršaiiamna, “ruffling one's feathers”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "हर्षते",
"3": "",
"4": "bristles"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit हर्षते (harṣate, “bristles”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "erūca"
},
"expansion": "erūca",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "urūca"
},
"expansion": "urūca",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Analyzable as *ēr-ūca, from ēr (“hedgehog”) + a suffix -ūca which is likely by analogy with verrūca (“wart, hillock”), named so for the rugged backs of many caterpillars resembling those of hedgehogs.\nAn alternative theory derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer(s)-uk-eh₂, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers- (“to bristle”) (likely of the same ultimate origin as the above etymology), see also Welsh garw (“rough”), Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬨𐬥𐬀 (zaršaiiamna, “ruffling one's feathers”), Sanskrit हर्षते (harṣate, “bristles”).\nLatin erūca and its variant urūca denote the plant and the caterpillar. In such cases, usually the animal name is primary and has been extended to the plant (so the rocket can be interpreted as “caterpillar plant”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ērūca",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ērūcae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ērūca<1>"
},
"expansion": "ērūca f (genitive ērūcae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ērūca<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "brūchus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"caterpillar"
],
"links": [
[
"caterpillar",
"caterpillar"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"colewort, rocket"
],
"links": [
[
"colewort",
"colewort"
],
[
"rocket",
"rocket"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːˈruː.ka/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[eːˈruːkä]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/eˈru.ka/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[eˈruːkä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "eruca"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.