See dreng on Wiktionary
{
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"ref": "1711, “Chapter XVII: Of Tallage”, in Thomas Madox, The Hiſtory and Antiquities of the Exchequer of the Kings of England, London: John Matthews, page 480:",
"text": "In the reign of K. Richard I, the Theines and Drenges of Northumberland were tallaged. They paid each of them 80 much de Dono (o).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1862, “Appendix T: The Laws of King Henry the First”, in E. William Robertson, Scotland Under Her Early Kings: A History of the Kingdom to the Close of the 13th Century, volume 2, Edinburgh: Edmonston & Douglas, page 513:",
"text": "Accordingly, long after the Conquest, the Thegns and Drengs of Northumberland, and the Drengs, Thegns, and Villeins of the bishopric of Durham, continued to be tallaged.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, “Society and Status”, in Birgit Sawyer, The Viking-age Rune-stones: Custom and Commemoration in Early Medieval Scandinavia, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 106:",
"text": "It is significant that, as Map 2 shows, the main concentrations of thegns and drengs are in the east of the territory that was apparently tributary to the Danish king in about AD 1000.",
"type": "quote"
}
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"A kind of feudal free tenant with military duties, mentioned in the Domesday Book."
],
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],
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{
"ipa": "/ˈdrɛŋˀ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̥ʁɑ̈ŋˀ]"
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},
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"name": "desc"
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],
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},
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dreng",
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}
],
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},
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}
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],
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"A warrior or soldier; a person who fights.",
"A follower of a lord; a member of a host."
],
"id": "en-dreng-enm-noun-9DkkdDuA",
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[
"warrior",
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],
[
"soldier",
"soldier"
],
[
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[
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[
"host",
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"(poetic) A warrior or soldier; a person who fights.",
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],
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],
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"A warrior or soldier; a person who fights.",
"A lord or chieftain."
],
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[
"warrior",
"warrior"
],
[
"soldier",
"soldier"
],
[
"lord",
"lord"
],
[
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"chieftain"
]
],
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"(poetic) A warrior or soldier; a person who fights.",
"(rare) A lord or chieftain."
],
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"poetic",
"rare"
]
},
{
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
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}
],
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"A dreng (military vassal)"
],
"id": "en-dreng-enm-noun-l~kRq0Tw",
"links": [
[
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"dreng#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A dreng (military vassal)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/drɛnd͡ʒ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/drind͡ʒ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/drɛnɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/drinɡ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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],
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{
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"singular"
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},
{
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},
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[
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],
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},
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},
{
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{
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},
{
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{
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],
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[
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],
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{
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],
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"form": "drenge",
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[
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],
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},
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}
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[
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[
"lad",
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],
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],
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"args": {
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],
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"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1862, “Appendix T: The Laws of King Henry the First”, in E. William Robertson, Scotland Under Her Early Kings: A History of the Kingdom to the Close of the 13th Century, volume 2, Edinburgh: Edmonston & Douglas, page 513:",
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"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, “Society and Status”, in Birgit Sawyer, The Viking-age Rune-stones: Custom and Commemoration in Early Medieval Scandinavia, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 106:",
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}
],
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[
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[
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[
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}
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{
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"enm:Feudalism",
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],
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{
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{
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],
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},
{
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{
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"args": {
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"2": "drengr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse drengr",
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],
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English poetic terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A warrior or soldier; a person who fights.",
"A follower of a lord; a member of a host."
],
"links": [
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
],
[
"soldier",
"soldier"
],
[
"follower",
"follower"
],
[
"lord",
"lord"
],
[
"host",
"host"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) A warrior or soldier; a person who fights.",
"A follower of a lord; a member of a host."
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English poetic terms",
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A warrior or soldier; a person who fights.",
"A lord or chieftain."
],
"links": [
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
],
[
"soldier",
"soldier"
],
[
"lord",
"lord"
],
[
"chieftain",
"chieftain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) A warrior or soldier; a person who fights.",
"(rare) A lord or chieftain."
],
"tags": [
"poetic",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A dreng (military vassal)"
],
"links": [
[
"dreng",
"dreng#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A dreng (military vassal)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/drɛnd͡ʒ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/drind͡ʒ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/drɛnɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/drinɡ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dranch"
},
{
"word": "dring"
},
{
"word": "dringch"
},
{
"word": "ðring"
}
],
"word": "dreng"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "drengr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse drengr",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse drengr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drengen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drengar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drenger",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drengane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drengene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"10": "drengane",
"11": "or",
"12": "drengene",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite singular",
"4": "drengen",
"5": "indefinite plural",
"6": "drengar",
"7": "or",
"8": "drenger",
"9": "definite plural",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "dreng m (definite singular drengen, indefinite plural drengar or drenger, definite plural drengane or drengene)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a farmhand"
],
"links": [
[
"farmhand",
"farmhand"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an assistant, apprentice"
],
"links": [
[
"assistant",
"assistant"
],
[
"apprentice",
"apprentice"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/drɛŋː/"
}
],
"word": "dreng"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dreng"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: dreng, dranch, dring, dringch, ðring\n→ Medieval Latin: drengus\n→ English: dreng, drenge\n>? Scots: dring",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: dreng, dranch, dring, dringch, ðring\n→ Medieval Latin: drengus\n→ English: dreng, drenge\n>? Scots: dring"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*drangī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *drangī",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*drangijaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drangijaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *drangī, from Proto-Germanic *drangijaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drenġ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "drenġ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drenġas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drenġ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drenġas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drenġes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drenġa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drenġe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drenġum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "drenġ",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "drenġ m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "drenġ"
},
"expansion": "drenġ m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "drenġ"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "drenġ",
"2": "drenġas",
"3": "drenġ",
"4": "drenġas",
"5": "drenġes",
"6": "drenġa",
"7": "drenġe",
"8": "drenġum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English poetic terms",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:People"
],
"glosses": [
"warrior; soldier"
],
"links": [
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
],
[
"soldier",
"soldier"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) warrior; soldier"
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/drenj/"
},
{
"ipa": "[drend͡ʒ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "drench"
}
],
"word": "dreng"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dreng meaning in All languages combined (16.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.