See doyen on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for doyen meaning in All languages combined (11.6kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "doyen"
},
"expansion": "French doyen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "decānus"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin decānus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "decem"
},
"expansion": "Latin decem",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dean",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "dean",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French doyen, from Late Latin decānus, from Latin decem. Compare the doublet dean.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doyens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "doyen (plural doyens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "doublet",
"word": "dean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "doyenne"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 16 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 15 34",
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"Entry maintenance"
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{
"_dis": "47 5 18 11 3 8 8",
"kind": "other",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 27 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Leaders",
"orig": "en:Leaders",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A commander in charge of ten men."
],
"id": "en-doyen-en-noun-bEe5~jhO",
"links": [
[
"commander",
"commander"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A commander in charge of ten men."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "84 5 11",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "duajén",
"sense": "(obsolete) a commander",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дуайе́н"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997, Thomas Swan, The Cezanne Chase, page 171",
"text": "At every turn, Collyers's aggressive new management in London was out-maneuvering and out promoting the double doyens of the rarefied art auction world. Old-timers at Collyers referred to Christie's and Sotheby's as “the Cow and the Sow,” lumping them together in frequent attitudes of disdain, in an attempt to make up for decades of being the brunt of bad jokes.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Steve Fuller, Thomas Kuhn: A Philosophical History for Our Times, page 383",
"text": "Conant's sense of science's world-historic mission did not especially endear him to Harvard's doyens, most of whom still operated with a liberal arts college model of the university in which the humanities reigned supreme and even the natural sciences were treated more as teaching than research subjects.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Vanina Bouté, “Political Hierarchical Processes among Some Highlanders of Laos”, in François Robinne, Mandy Sadan, editors, Social Dynamics in the Highlands of Southeast Asia, page 189",
"text": "On the domain level, two doyens, called “Lords of the Land” were entitled to some further specific prerogatives, including the right to lead rituals on behalf of all the villages of the domain (i.e. the domain of the clan of the doyen and, therefore, the clan considered the founder of the oldest village).",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020, Francis Annan, ~20:30 from the start, in Escape from Pretoria, Daniel Radcliffe (actor)",
"text": "Every prison has its doyen, and for us politicals it was Denis Goldberg.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The senior, or eldest male member of a group."
],
"id": "en-doyen-en-noun-FiiO0rFz",
"links": [
[
"senior",
"senior"
],
[
"eldest",
"eldest"
],
[
"male",
"male"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "老資格"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǎozīgé",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "老资格"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yuánlǎo",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "元老"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "plejaĝulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "pliaĝulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "grandaĝulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "profundaĝulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the senior member",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "doyen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the senior member",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Altmeister"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the senior member",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "decano"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"alt": "げんろう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "genrō",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "元老"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"alt": "ちょうろう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chōrō",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "長老"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sarkarde",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "سرکرده"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "staréjšina",
"sense": "the senior member",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "старе́йшина"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "staršiná",
"sense": "the senior member",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "старшина́"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "the senior member",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "degan"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1991, Arif Dirlik, Anarchism in the Chinese Revolution, page 129",
"text": "Unlike the latter, however, Shifu's seriousness allowed no compromise; his criticism of Zhang ji even brought him into conflict with Wu Zhihui, one of the doyens of anarchism in China.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"text": "2008 July 3, Amanda Schaffer, “The Sex Difference Evangelists”, part 3: “Mars, Venus, Babies, and Hormones”, in Slate,\nIn an interview, even Simon Baron-Cohen, another doyen of sex-difference claims, offered up some caution."
},
{
"ref": "2011, Maitrii Aung-Thwin, The Return of the Galon King: History, Law, and Rebellion in Colonial Burma, page 199",
"text": "For these doyens of the field, the Burmese conceptual landscape was a sophisticated and complex array of beliefs, exhibiting the ability of communities to adapt, appropriate, and reshape external influences throughout history.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A leading light, or exemplar of a particular practice or movement."
],
"id": "en-doyen-en-noun-MTGhkAcV",
"links": [
[
"leading light",
"leading light"
],
[
"exemplar",
"exemplar"
],
[
"practice",
"practice"
],
[
"movement",
"movement"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) A leading light, or exemplar of a particular practice or movement."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 4 93",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(colloquial) a leading light",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lichtgestalt"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 93",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(colloquial) a leading light",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Wortführer"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 93",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "svétoč",
"sense": "(colloquial) a leading light",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "све́точ"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔɪ.ən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/dɔɪˈɛn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/dwɑˈjæ̃/",
"note": "to approximate the French pronunciation"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪən"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛn"
}
],
"word": "doyen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "fro",
"3": "deien",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French deien",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "deien"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French deien",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "decānus"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin decānus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "decem"
},
"expansion": "Latin decem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French deien, from Late Latin decānus, from Latin decem.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doyens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doyenne",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "+"
},
"expansion": "doyen m (plural doyens, feminine doyenne)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "décanal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "décanat"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dix"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "fr:Religion",
"parents": [
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"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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"id": "en-doyen-fr-noun--Jdncmp4",
"links": [
[
"religion",
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],
[
"dean",
"dean"
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],
"qualifier": "university",
"raw_glosses": [
"(religion, university) dean"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"senior member, doyen"
],
"id": "en-doyen-fr-noun-jwu9L201",
"links": [
[
"doyen",
"doyen#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dwa.jɛ̃/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-doyen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dd/Fr-doyen.ogg/Fr-doyen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Fr-doyen.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "doyen"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "dooien"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: dooien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: dooien"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þauwjan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þauwjan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þawjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þawjaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *thōien, from Proto-West Germanic *þauwjan, from Proto-Germanic *þawjaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dôyen",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"head": "dôyen",
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"name": "head"
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{
"args": {
"head": "dôyen"
},
"expansion": "dôyen",
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],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to thaw, to melt"
],
"id": "en-doyen-dum-verb--Nr-xaIM",
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"thaw",
"thaw"
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"word": "doyen"
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{
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{
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"lang": "Middle Dutch",
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"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "douwen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of douwen"
],
"id": "en-doyen-dum-verb-m2EaevfC",
"links": [
[
"douwen",
"douwen#Middle Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "doyen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English male equivalent nouns",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch verbs",
"Middle Dutch weak verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪən",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪən/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɛn",
"Rhymes:English/ɛn/2 syllables",
"en:Leaders"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"3": "doyen"
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"expansion": "French doyen",
"name": "bor"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "decānus"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin decānus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "decem"
},
"expansion": "Latin decem",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dean",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "dean",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French doyen, from Late Latin decānus, from Latin decem. Compare the doublet dean.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doyens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "doyen (plural doyens)",
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{
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"word": "dean"
},
{
"word": "doyenne"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A commander in charge of ten men."
],
"links": [
[
"commander",
"commander"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A commander in charge of ten men."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997, Thomas Swan, The Cezanne Chase, page 171",
"text": "At every turn, Collyers's aggressive new management in London was out-maneuvering and out promoting the double doyens of the rarefied art auction world. Old-timers at Collyers referred to Christie's and Sotheby's as “the Cow and the Sow,” lumping them together in frequent attitudes of disdain, in an attempt to make up for decades of being the brunt of bad jokes.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Steve Fuller, Thomas Kuhn: A Philosophical History for Our Times, page 383",
"text": "Conant's sense of science's world-historic mission did not especially endear him to Harvard's doyens, most of whom still operated with a liberal arts college model of the university in which the humanities reigned supreme and even the natural sciences were treated more as teaching than research subjects.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Vanina Bouté, “Political Hierarchical Processes among Some Highlanders of Laos”, in François Robinne, Mandy Sadan, editors, Social Dynamics in the Highlands of Southeast Asia, page 189",
"text": "On the domain level, two doyens, called “Lords of the Land” were entitled to some further specific prerogatives, including the right to lead rituals on behalf of all the villages of the domain (i.e. the domain of the clan of the doyen and, therefore, the clan considered the founder of the oldest village).",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020, Francis Annan, ~20:30 from the start, in Escape from Pretoria, Daniel Radcliffe (actor)",
"text": "Every prison has its doyen, and for us politicals it was Denis Goldberg.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The senior, or eldest male member of a group."
],
"links": [
[
"senior",
"senior"
],
[
"eldest",
"eldest"
],
[
"male",
"male"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English colloquialisms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1991, Arif Dirlik, Anarchism in the Chinese Revolution, page 129",
"text": "Unlike the latter, however, Shifu's seriousness allowed no compromise; his criticism of Zhang ji even brought him into conflict with Wu Zhihui, one of the doyens of anarchism in China.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"text": "2008 July 3, Amanda Schaffer, “The Sex Difference Evangelists”, part 3: “Mars, Venus, Babies, and Hormones”, in Slate,\nIn an interview, even Simon Baron-Cohen, another doyen of sex-difference claims, offered up some caution."
},
{
"ref": "2011, Maitrii Aung-Thwin, The Return of the Galon King: History, Law, and Rebellion in Colonial Burma, page 199",
"text": "For these doyens of the field, the Burmese conceptual landscape was a sophisticated and complex array of beliefs, exhibiting the ability of communities to adapt, appropriate, and reshape external influences throughout history.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A leading light, or exemplar of a particular practice or movement."
],
"links": [
[
"leading light",
"leading light"
],
[
"exemplar",
"exemplar"
],
[
"practice",
"practice"
],
[
"movement",
"movement"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) A leading light, or exemplar of a particular practice or movement."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔɪ.ən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/dɔɪˈɛn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/dwɑˈjæ̃/",
"note": "to approximate the French pronunciation"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪən"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛn"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "duajén",
"sense": "(obsolete) a commander",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дуайе́н"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "老資格"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǎozīgé",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "老资格"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yuánlǎo",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "元老"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "plejaĝulo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "pliaĝulo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "grandaĝulo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "profundaĝulo"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the senior member",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "doyen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the senior member",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Altmeister"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the senior member",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "decano"
},
{
"alt": "げんろう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "genrō",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "元老"
},
{
"alt": "ちょうろう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chōrō",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "長老"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sarkarde",
"sense": "the senior member",
"word": "سرکرده"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "staréjšina",
"sense": "the senior member",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "старе́йшина"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "staršiná",
"sense": "the senior member",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "старшина́"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "the senior member",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "degan"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(colloquial) a leading light",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lichtgestalt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(colloquial) a leading light",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Wortführer"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "svétoč",
"sense": "(colloquial) a leading light",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "све́точ"
}
],
"word": "doyen"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Late Latin",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Late Latin",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links",
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch verbs",
"Middle Dutch weak verbs"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "deien",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French deien",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "deien"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French deien",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "decānus"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin decānus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "decem"
},
"expansion": "Latin decem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French deien, from Late Latin decānus, from Latin decem.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doyens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doyenne",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "+"
},
"expansion": "doyen m (plural doyens, feminine doyenne)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "décanal"
},
{
"word": "décanat"
},
{
"word": "dix"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"fr:Religion"
],
"glosses": [
"dean"
],
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"dean",
"dean"
]
],
"qualifier": "university",
"raw_glosses": [
"(religion, university) dean"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"senior member, doyen"
],
"links": [
[
"doyen",
"doyen#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dwa.jɛ̃/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-doyen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dd/Fr-doyen.ogg/Fr-doyen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Fr-doyen.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "doyen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch verbs",
"Middle Dutch weak verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dooien"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: dooien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: dooien"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*thōien"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *thōien",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þauwjan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þauwjan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þawjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þawjaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *thōien, from Proto-West Germanic *þauwjan, from Proto-Germanic *þawjaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dôyen",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"head": "dôyen",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "dôyen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "dôyen"
},
"expansion": "dôyen",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to thaw, to melt"
],
"links": [
[
"thaw",
"thaw"
],
[
"melt",
"melt"
]
]
}
],
"word": "doyen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch verbs",
"Middle Dutch weak verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "dôyen",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"head": "dôyen",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "dôyen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "dôyen"
},
"expansion": "dôyen",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "douwen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of douwen"
],
"links": [
[
"douwen",
"douwen#Middle Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "doyen"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.