See douen on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dow"
},
"expansion": "English: dow",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: dow (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dow"
},
"expansion": "Scots: dow",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: dow"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dugan"
},
"expansion": "Old English dugan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dugan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dugan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*duganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *duganą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English dugan, from Proto-West Germanic *dugan, from Proto-Germanic *duganą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-irr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "douen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to douen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "doue",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "deigh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doughte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deight",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doughtest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deigh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "doughte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "doue",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "doughte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "douen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "doue",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "doughten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doughte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "douynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "douende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dought",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ydought",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dowen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duhen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duȝen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"cat2": "preterite-present verbs"
},
"expansion": "douen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "deigh",
"2": "dought",
"3": "dou",
"4": "deight",
"imp_p": "—",
"p_part": "0",
"p_part2": "0",
"w_part": "1",
"y": "2"
},
"name": "enm-conj-irr"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To be helpful or beneficial; to have worthiness or use (for something)"
],
"id": "en-douen-enm-verb-WEuiMDB4",
"links": [
[
"helpful",
"helpful"
],
[
"beneficial",
"beneficial"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ambitransitive) To be helpful or beneficial; to have worthiness or use (for something)"
],
"tags": [
"ambitransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 27 13 14 10 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 21 15 17 15 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 18 17 14 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be appropriate or suitable for a given situation."
],
"id": "en-douen-enm-verb-rGwxnRId",
"links": [
[
"appropriate",
"appropriate"
],
[
"suitable",
"suitable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(impersonal) To be appropriate or suitable for a given situation."
],
"tags": [
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 27 13 14 10 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 21 15 17 15 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 18 17 14 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be mighty, bold, or hardy."
],
"id": "en-douen-enm-verb-tUuEG9Z6",
"links": [
[
"mighty",
"mighty"
],
[
"bold",
"bold"
],
[
"hardy",
"hardy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare) To be mighty, bold, or hardy."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 27 13 14 10 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 21 15 17 15 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 18 17 14 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To attain victory or success; to win."
],
"id": "en-douen-enm-verb-jvi2ZeXq",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare) To attain victory or success; to win."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 27 13 14 10 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 21 15 17 15 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 18 17 14 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be able to (perform an act)."
],
"id": "en-douen-enm-verb-SyWVulq4",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, rare) To be able to (perform an act)."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduːən/"
}
],
"word": "douen"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "douer"
},
"expansion": "Old French douer",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French douer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dowen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duhen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duȝen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "douen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "dowen"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 27 13 14 10 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 21 15 17 15 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 18 17 14 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of dowen"
],
"id": "en-douen-enm-verb-EMZ2pNIr",
"links": [
[
"dowen",
"dowen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "douen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English defective verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English preterite-present verbs",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dow"
},
"expansion": "English: dow",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: dow (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dow"
},
"expansion": "Scots: dow",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: dow"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dugan"
},
"expansion": "Old English dugan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dugan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dugan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*duganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *duganą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English dugan, from Proto-West Germanic *dugan, from Proto-Germanic *duganą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-irr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "douen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to douen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "doue",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "deigh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doughte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deight",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doughtest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deigh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "doughte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "doue",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "doughte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "douen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "doue",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "doughten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doughte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "douynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "douende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dought",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ydought",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dowen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duhen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duȝen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"cat2": "preterite-present verbs"
},
"expansion": "douen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "deigh",
"2": "dought",
"3": "dou",
"4": "deight",
"imp_p": "—",
"p_part": "0",
"p_part2": "0",
"w_part": "1",
"y": "2"
},
"name": "enm-conj-irr"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs",
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To be helpful or beneficial; to have worthiness or use (for something)"
],
"links": [
[
"helpful",
"helpful"
],
[
"beneficial",
"beneficial"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ambitransitive) To be helpful or beneficial; to have worthiness or use (for something)"
],
"tags": [
"ambitransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English impersonal verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To be appropriate or suitable for a given situation."
],
"links": [
[
"appropriate",
"appropriate"
],
[
"suitable",
"suitable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(impersonal) To be appropriate or suitable for a given situation."
],
"tags": [
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs",
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To be mighty, bold, or hardy."
],
"links": [
[
"mighty",
"mighty"
],
[
"bold",
"bold"
],
[
"hardy",
"hardy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare) To be mighty, bold, or hardy."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs",
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To attain victory or success; to win."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare) To attain victory or success; to win."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses",
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To be able to (perform an act)."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, rare) To be able to (perform an act)."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduːən/"
}
],
"word": "douen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "douer"
},
"expansion": "Old French douer",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French douer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dowen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duhen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duȝen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "douen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "dowen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of dowen"
],
"links": [
[
"dowen",
"dowen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "douen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for douen meaning in All languages combined (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (b81b832 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.