See cudny on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cudność"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "twarz cudna"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cudny"
},
"expansion": "Polish: cudny",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: cudny"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "cudny"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: cudny",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: cudny"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*čudьnъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čudьnъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*čudьnъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čudьnъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "cudo",
"3": "-ny"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, cudo + -ny",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th century"
},
"expansion": "the 15th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 15th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čudьnъ with Masuration. By surface analysis, cudo + -ny. First attested in the 15th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cudniejszy",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "nacudniejszy",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "czudny",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cudniejszy",
"adv": "cudnie",
"sup": "nacudniejszy"
},
"expansion": "cudny (comparative cudniejszy, superlative nacudniejszy, derived adverb cudnie)",
"name": "zlw-opl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms suffixed with -ny",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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0,
6
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],
"ref": "1877-1881 [1437], Władysław Wisłocki, editor, Katalog rękopisów Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, number 228, page 87:",
"text": "Czudna mowa lepor",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
13
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [1447], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXII, Lublin, page 55:",
"text": "Panna czudna",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
16
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [1447], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXXIII, page 180:",
"text": "Zophiczka czudna",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
45,
51
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [XV med.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 153:",
"text": "Flos pretendit decorem apparencie vydzy scha czudny na wsrok, modice tamen est existencie",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"ref": "1880-1894 [XV med.], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume V, page 273:",
"text": "Czvdna speciosa sponsa",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
77,
83
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [1453], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 211:",
"text": "Wszemv szvyathu badze radoscz, gdy przydze then vyelebny goscz, panna vyelmy czvdna",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"ref": "1461-1467, Sermones. Rękopiśmienne ekscerpty pochodzące z rkpsu Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej o sygn. 230 (dawna sygn. 1421/108 Mns) z roku 1461-1467, page 93r:",
"text": "Czudna pulchra",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
14
]
],
"ref": "1461-1467, Sermones. Rękopiśmienne ekscerpty pochodzące z rkpsu Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej o sygn. 230 (dawna sygn. 1421/108 Mns) z roku 1461-1467, page 415v:",
"text": "Naczudney[szø] speciosissimam",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"ref": "1907 [c. 1470], Jakub Parkoszowic, edited by Jan Łoś, Traktat o ortografii polskiej, Żurawica, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Krakow, page 407:",
"text": "Cuudni id est pulcer",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 56:",
"text": "Czudnego elegant! id est yenusto",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
50,
56
]
],
"ref": "1887 [Fifteenth century], Wacław Ubogi z Brodni, edited by Lucjan Malinowski, Modlitwy Wacława. Zabytek języka polskiego z wieku XV odkryty i skopjowany przez Aleksandra Przezdzieckiego wydał i objaśnił Lucyjan Malinowski, Krakow, Brodnia, page 60a::",
"text": "O Anno swyatha, drzewo barzo roszkoszne, roszczka czudna z szyebye wypusczayacze!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
61,
73
]
],
"ref": "1875 [End of the 15th century], Stanisław Motty, editor, Książeczka do nabożeństwa Jadwigi księżniczki polskiej, Modlitewnik Nawojki, page 28:",
"text": "Sdrowa bandz Maria..., yazesz nad szlonycze y nad myeszyacz czydnyeyscha!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
35
]
],
"ref": "1875 [End of the 15th century], Stanisław Motty, editor, Książeczka do nabożeństwa Jadwigi księżniczki polskiej, Modlitewnik Nawojki, page 49:",
"text": "Radvy szye, perszono naczvdnyeyscha!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [XV p. post.], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume IV, page 760:",
"text": "Yako *czvdn[y]e yest poscze thvoye w obvczv quam pulcri sunt gressus tui in calciamentis!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
41,
47
]
],
"ref": "1885-2024 [XV ex.], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume V, Kurów (Bochnia), page 103:",
"text": "Bog Anną schwąthą poczyeschyl..., gdy... czudną panną porodzyla",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
33,
41
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [XV ex.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, Zator, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, page 145:",
"text": "Nye wybyeray, yvnochv, ywnochy z czwdnyma oczyma, alye szlwchay, yestly dobra yesth, czychyma wchoma",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
44,
50
]
],
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 128r:",
"text": "Speciosus […] id est formosus pulcer schone czvdny",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
48,
56
]
],
"ref": "1908 [c. 1500], Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Towarzystwa Naukowego Warszawskiego, volume V, page 9:",
"text": "Farrao, krol, vydzenye myal, gdy szyethm klozow czudnych vydzyal",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
62,
68
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 150:",
"text": "Cyalo myal szyrokye..., nye smarsczone, alye okragle a vyelmy czvdne",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
75,
81
]
],
"ref": "1915 [1447-1462], Jan Łoś, editor, Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543, page 544:",
"text": "Moy namyleyschy, nade wszythky gyne w navkach *nauczonye, [w] przyrodzenyv czvdne, mocznye, mądrze y thesch wymownye nawybornyeyschy",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beautiful"
],
"id": "en-cudny-zlw-opl-adj-xqFCfXEZ",
"links": [
[
"beautiful",
"beautiful"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland; Lesser Poland; attested in Greater Poland; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland, Lesser Poland, Sieradz-Łęczyca) beautiful"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms suffixed with -ny",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
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"ref": "1874-1891 [1466], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXII, Łęczyca, page 16:",
"text": "Czvdnymy nectareis",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
1,
17
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 9:",
"text": "*Noczudnyeyschego tenerrimum",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
53,
59
]
],
"ref": "1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski, Greater Poland, pages 19, 3:",
"text": "Na pamyęczy myey wszytky obyety twoye y obyeta twoya czudna bødz",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"perfect; wonderful"
],
"id": "en-cudny-zlw-opl-adj-oB75o4ou",
"links": [
[
"perfect",
"perfect"
],
[
"wonderful",
"wonderful"
]
],
"qualifier": "Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland) perfect; wonderful"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡suːdnɨː/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sudnɨ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Masuration"
],
"word": "cudny"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cudny",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish cudny",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cudny"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish cudny",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cudo",
"3": "-ny"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, cudo + -ny",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish cudny. By surface analysis, cudo + -ny.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cudniejszy",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "bardziej cudny",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "najcudniejszy",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "najbardziej cudny",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cudny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "cudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudną",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "cudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudną",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnymi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnymi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cudniejszy",
"2": "peri",
"adv": "cudnie"
},
"expansion": "cudny (comparative cudniejszy or bardziej cudny, superlative najcudniejszy or najbardziej cudny, derived adverb cudnie)",
"name": "pl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cud‧ny"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ny",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cudność"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "cudnić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "cudnieć"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marvellous"
],
"id": "en-cudny-pl-adj-PIPqqaFa",
"links": [
[
"marvellous",
"marvellous"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "piękny"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sud.nɘ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-udnɘ"
},
{
"homophone": "Cudny"
}
],
"word": "cudny"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish adjectives",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms suffixed with -ny",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zlw-opl:Appearance"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cudność"
},
{
"word": "twarz cudna"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cudny"
},
"expansion": "Polish: cudny",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: cudny"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "cudny"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: cudny",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: cudny"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*čudьnъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čudьnъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*čudьnъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čudьnъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "cudo",
"3": "-ny"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, cudo + -ny",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th century"
},
"expansion": "the 15th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 15th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čudьnъ with Masuration. By surface analysis, cudo + -ny. First attested in the 15th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cudniejszy",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "nacudniejszy",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "czudny",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cudniejszy",
"adv": "cudnie",
"sup": "nacudniejszy"
},
"expansion": "cudny (comparative cudniejszy, superlative nacudniejszy, derived adverb cudnie)",
"name": "zlw-opl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"ref": "1877-1881 [1437], Władysław Wisłocki, editor, Katalog rękopisów Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, number 228, page 87:",
"text": "Czudna mowa lepor",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
13
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [1447], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXII, Lublin, page 55:",
"text": "Panna czudna",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
16
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [1447], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXXIII, page 180:",
"text": "Zophiczka czudna",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
45,
51
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [XV med.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 153:",
"text": "Flos pretendit decorem apparencie vydzy scha czudny na wsrok, modice tamen est existencie",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"ref": "1880-1894 [XV med.], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume V, page 273:",
"text": "Czvdna speciosa sponsa",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
77,
83
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [1453], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 211:",
"text": "Wszemv szvyathu badze radoscz, gdy przydze then vyelebny goscz, panna vyelmy czvdna",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"ref": "1461-1467, Sermones. Rękopiśmienne ekscerpty pochodzące z rkpsu Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej o sygn. 230 (dawna sygn. 1421/108 Mns) z roku 1461-1467, page 93r:",
"text": "Czudna pulchra",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
14
]
],
"ref": "1461-1467, Sermones. Rękopiśmienne ekscerpty pochodzące z rkpsu Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej o sygn. 230 (dawna sygn. 1421/108 Mns) z roku 1461-1467, page 415v:",
"text": "Naczudney[szø] speciosissimam",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"ref": "1907 [c. 1470], Jakub Parkoszowic, edited by Jan Łoś, Traktat o ortografii polskiej, Żurawica, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Krakow, page 407:",
"text": "Cuudni id est pulcer",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 56:",
"text": "Czudnego elegant! id est yenusto",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
50,
56
]
],
"ref": "1887 [Fifteenth century], Wacław Ubogi z Brodni, edited by Lucjan Malinowski, Modlitwy Wacława. Zabytek języka polskiego z wieku XV odkryty i skopjowany przez Aleksandra Przezdzieckiego wydał i objaśnił Lucyjan Malinowski, Krakow, Brodnia, page 60a::",
"text": "O Anno swyatha, drzewo barzo roszkoszne, roszczka czudna z szyebye wypusczayacze!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
61,
73
]
],
"ref": "1875 [End of the 15th century], Stanisław Motty, editor, Książeczka do nabożeństwa Jadwigi księżniczki polskiej, Modlitewnik Nawojki, page 28:",
"text": "Sdrowa bandz Maria..., yazesz nad szlonycze y nad myeszyacz czydnyeyscha!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
35
]
],
"ref": "1875 [End of the 15th century], Stanisław Motty, editor, Książeczka do nabożeństwa Jadwigi księżniczki polskiej, Modlitewnik Nawojki, page 49:",
"text": "Radvy szye, perszono naczvdnyeyscha!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [XV p. post.], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume IV, page 760:",
"text": "Yako *czvdn[y]e yest poscze thvoye w obvczv quam pulcri sunt gressus tui in calciamentis!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
41,
47
]
],
"ref": "1885-2024 [XV ex.], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume V, Kurów (Bochnia), page 103:",
"text": "Bog Anną schwąthą poczyeschyl..., gdy... czudną panną porodzyla",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
33,
41
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [XV ex.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, Zator, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, page 145:",
"text": "Nye wybyeray, yvnochv, ywnochy z czwdnyma oczyma, alye szlwchay, yestly dobra yesth, czychyma wchoma",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
44,
50
]
],
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 128r:",
"text": "Speciosus […] id est formosus pulcer schone czvdny",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
48,
56
]
],
"ref": "1908 [c. 1500], Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Towarzystwa Naukowego Warszawskiego, volume V, page 9:",
"text": "Farrao, krol, vydzenye myal, gdy szyethm klozow czudnych vydzyal",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
62,
68
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 150:",
"text": "Cyalo myal szyrokye..., nye smarsczone, alye okragle a vyelmy czvdne",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
75,
81
]
],
"ref": "1915 [1447-1462], Jan Łoś, editor, Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543, page 544:",
"text": "Moy namyleyschy, nade wszythky gyne w navkach *nauczonye, [w] przyrodzenyv czvdne, mocznye, mądrze y thesch wymownye nawybornyeyschy",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beautiful"
],
"links": [
[
"beautiful",
"beautiful"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland; Lesser Poland; attested in Greater Poland; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland, Lesser Poland, Sieradz-Łęczyca) beautiful"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [1466], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXII, Łęczyca, page 16:",
"text": "Czvdnymy nectareis",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
1,
17
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 9:",
"text": "*Noczudnyeyschego tenerrimum",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
53,
59
]
],
"ref": "1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski, Greater Poland, pages 19, 3:",
"text": "Na pamyęczy myey wszytky obyety twoye y obyeta twoya czudna bødz",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"perfect; wonderful"
],
"links": [
[
"perfect",
"perfect"
],
[
"wonderful",
"wonderful"
]
],
"qualifier": "Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland) perfect; wonderful"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡suːdnɨː/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sudnɨ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Masuration"
],
"word": "cudny"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "cudność"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "cudnić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "cudnieć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cudny",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish cudny",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cudny"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish cudny",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cudo",
"3": "-ny"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, cudo + -ny",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish cudny. By surface analysis, cudo + -ny.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cudniejszy",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "bardziej cudny",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "najcudniejszy",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "najbardziej cudny",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cudny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "cudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudną",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "cudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudną",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnymi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnymi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cudniejszy",
"2": "peri",
"adv": "cudnie"
},
"expansion": "cudny (comparative cudniejszy or bardziej cudny, superlative najcudniejszy or najbardziej cudny, derived adverb cudnie)",
"name": "pl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cud‧ny"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish adjectives",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish hard adjectives",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ny",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/udnɘ",
"Rhymes:Polish/udnɘ/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"marvellous"
],
"links": [
[
"marvellous",
"marvellous"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "piękny"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sud.nɘ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-udnɘ"
},
{
"homophone": "Cudny"
}
],
"word": "cudny"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cudny meaning in All languages combined (14.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: derived adverb cudnie",
"path": [
"cudny"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cudny",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Greater Poland, Lesser Poland, Sieradz-Łęczyca",
"path": [
"cudny"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cudny",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Greater Poland, Lesser Poland, Sieradz-Łęczyca",
"path": [
"cudny"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cudny",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland",
"path": [
"cudny"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cudny",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland",
"path": [
"cudny"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cudny",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: derived adverb cudnie",
"path": [
"cudny"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cudny",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'non-virile'",
"path": [
"cudny"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cudny",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (74c5344 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.