See constructed language on Wiktionary
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "32 35 33",
"word": "auxlang"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 33",
"word": "loglang"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "32 35 33",
"word": "conlang"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "constructed languages",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "constructed language"
},
"expansion": "constructed language (plural constructed languages)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "32 35 33",
"word": "artlang"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 33",
"word": "worldlang"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "32 35 33",
"word": "conculture"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 33",
"word": "conperson"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 35 33",
"word": "conworld"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1972, Maurice Marois, Man and Computer: Proceedings, S. Karger, page 120:",
"text": "So if the constructed language is machine code, that is very fine, because the syntax (the grammar) is very simple and the meaning of each instruction can be verified [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1974, Enid Mumford, Harold Sackman, International Federation for Information Processing, Human Choice and Computers: Proceedings of the IFIP Conference on Human Choice and Computers, Vienna, April 1–5, 1974, North-Holland Pub. Co., →ISBN, page 19:",
"text": "Considering the versatility of natural language, it is indeed astonishing that constructed languages like algebra and programming languages were introduced and became successful.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Alex Scott, What Is Expression? How a Formal Theory Can Clarify the Expressive Possibilities of Language, iUniverse, →ISBN, page 107:",
"text": "Among the kinds of expressive vocabularies that a speaker or writer may employ are emotional, moral, religious, aesthetic, scientific, technical, logical, mathematical, natural language, and constructed language (such as programming language or indexing language) vocabularies.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any language—whether a human language, a programming language, or markup language—that is not a natural language."
],
"id": "en-constructed_language-en-noun-9~P5WR~F"
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "natlang"
},
{
"word": "natural language"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "28 42 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 55 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 65 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 58 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 52 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 50 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 51 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Aragonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 53 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Asturian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 52 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 51 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Basque translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 48 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bengali translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 51 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 55 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 61 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 55 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 55 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 52 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 51 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 56 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 51 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 55 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 52 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 56 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 51 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 49 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 51 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 49 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 52 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 58 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 51 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 56 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 56 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 52 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Javanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 53 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kannada translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 52 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 51 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 56 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 56 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Limburgish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 54 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malagasy translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 53 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maltese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 52 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 54 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Marathi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 63 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with N'Ko translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 63 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Narom translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 49 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 63 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 53 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 52 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 50 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 51 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 51 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Punjabi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 56 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 53 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scots translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 53 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 51 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sicilian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 52 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 52 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 62 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 53 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 51 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 52 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 56 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 46 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with West Frisian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 46 28",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Conlanging",
"orig": "en:Conlanging",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Language",
"Society",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2004, Steven Roger Fischer, A History of Language:",
"text": "The first practical constructed language was the south-west German Pastor Schleyer's Volapük from 1879; its complicated grammar and irregular vocabulary made learning difficult, however. The most successful has been Esperanto, devised by the Warsaw ophthalmologist Ludwig Zamenhof in 1887, that today can count some one million speakers.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Inc Icon Group International, Repeat: Webster's Quotations, Facts and Phrases, ICON Group International, →ISBN, page 587:",
"text": "[...] Unas Language from the science fiction television series Stargate SG-1 is a simplistic constructed language that lends itself to quick, sharp sentences.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A human language that has been consciously devised by an individual or a group, as opposed to having naturally evolved as part of a culture like a natural language."
],
"id": "en-constructed_language-en-noun-RHOL1U2k",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"human",
"human#Adjective"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"consciously",
"consciously"
],
[
"devise",
"devise"
],
[
"individual",
"individual#Noun"
],
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
],
[
"naturally",
"naturally"
],
[
"evolve",
"evolve"
],
[
"culture",
"culture#Noun"
],
[
"natural language",
"natural language"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) A human language that has been consciously devised by an individual or a group, as opposed to having naturally evolved as part of a culture like a natural language."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "artificial language"
},
{
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "conlang"
},
{
"word": "planned language"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1844, Henry Cockton, Sylvester Sound, the somnambulist, pages 203–204:",
"text": "It has been said that— when I made the observation, that if they were not married they ought to be—I endeavoured to stab their reputation. Now, I'll prove that I endeavoured to do nothing of the sort. [...] I'll prove it by logic, and I defy all the mathematicians in the habitable globe to known it down. I'll prove it by the regular mathematical construction of the English language, and will any man tell me there's any constructed language in the universe more mathematically regular than that?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1855, Benjamin Humphrey Smart, Thought and Language..., Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, page 165:",
"text": "Who does not understand, as single parts of speech, all the common combinations which serve to connect and carry on construction, such as in-consequence-of, on-this-account, [...], and the like? Indeed, we are entitled to say of ordinary common-place speakers, that as they scarcely use constructed language except in forms already existing, so, with them, each thought finds an immediate sign in some familiar sentence; but then, be it observed, the parts which compose the sign have ceased to be separately significant: the sentences so used have been brought back to the condition of original or natural language, that of exclamations, — they have ceased to be logical, by having become purely rhetorical.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1867, David King, The British Harbinger, David King, page 384:",
"text": "What we ordinarily term language is made up of vocal signs of an arbitrary character, with corresponding written signs. As general principles are recognized in the construction and arrangement of these signs, we see at once the reason that brutes have no artificial language — that is, no sign that are agreed upon as expressive of ideas. They do indeed have a natural language, made up of natural signs, cries, and motions, which vary in different tribes of animals; but artificial, that is, constructed language, is a wholly different thing, although it may incorporate into itself features from natural language. The parrot is indeed said to talk, but it is sheer imitation; and he never originates any language.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any language used by people, as opposed to less civilized means of communication, such as the socialization between animals."
],
"id": "en-constructed_language-en-noun-boVU9ebo",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"communication",
"communication"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics, archaic) Any language used by people, as opposed to less civilized means of communication, such as the socialization between animals."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "kunsmatige taal"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"alt": "luḡa(t) muṣṭanaʕa",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "لُغَة مُصْطَنَعَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "luenga construita"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llingua construyida"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "süni dil"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "hizkuntza eraikia"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "nirmito bhaśa",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "নির্মিত ভাষা"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llengua artificial"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "人工語言"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "réngōng yǔyán",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "人工语言"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umělý jazyk"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "kunstsprog"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kunsttaal"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "planlingvo"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "tehiskeel"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "keinotekoinen kieli"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "tekokieli"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "keinokieli"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "langue construite"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "idéolangue"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lingua artificial"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kunstsprache"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Plansprache"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "konstruierte Sprache"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "technití glóssa",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "τεχνητή γλώσσα"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "שָׂפָה מְתֻּכְנֶנֶת"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kŕtrim bhāṣā",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "कृत्रिम भाषा"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "mesterséges nyelv"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "tilbúið tungumál"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gervimál"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "planlinguo"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "bahasa buatan"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "lingua construite"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "lingua artificial"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "teanga chumtha"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lingua artificiale"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"alt": "じんこうげんご",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jinkōgengo",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "人工言語"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "jv",
"lang": "Javanese",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "basa damelan"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "kṛtaka bhāṣegaḷu",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "ಕೃತಕ ಭಾಷೆಗಳು"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "jasandy tıl",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "жасанды тіл"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"alt": "人工語",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "in'gong'eo",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "인공어"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lingua artificialis"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lingua constructa"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "li",
"lang": "Limburgish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "kunstaol"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "mg",
"lang": "Malagasy",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "fiteny foronina"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "lingwa mibnija"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "kŕtrimrityā tayār kelelī bhāṣā",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "कृत्रिमरित्या तयार केलेली भाषा"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "nqo",
"lang": "N'Ko",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "ߞߊ߲߫ ߛߌ߲ߘߌߣߍ߲"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "nrm",
"lang": "Narom",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "laungue construite"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "kunstig språk"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "kunstig språk"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lenga construcha"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "زبان فراساخته"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "język sztuczny"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "língua artificial"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iskússtvennyj jazýk",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "иску́сственный язы́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "conleid"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "constructit leid"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "umjetni jezici"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "umjetni jezik"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "lingua artificiali"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "umelý jazyk"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umetni jezik"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lengua construida"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "lengua artificial"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "lugha ya kuundwa"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "yapay dil"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "yapma dil"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "ngôn ngữ được xây dựng"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "mekavapük"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "pük mekavik"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "keunsttaal"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 36 33",
"code": "pnb",
"lang": "Western Panjabi",
"roman": "mṣnoʻy zbān",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "مصنوعی زبان"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"constructed language"
],
"word": "constructed language"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English multiword terms",
"English nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Aragonese translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Javanese translations",
"Terms with Kannada translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Limburgish translations",
"Terms with Malagasy translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with N'Ko translations",
"Terms with Narom translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Punjabi translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scots translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with West Frisian translations",
"en:Conlanging"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "auxlang"
},
{
"word": "loglang"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "conlang"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "constructed languages",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "constructed language"
},
"expansion": "constructed language (plural constructed languages)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "artlang"
},
{
"word": "worldlang"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "conculture"
},
{
"word": "conperson"
},
{
"word": "conworld"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1972, Maurice Marois, Man and Computer: Proceedings, S. Karger, page 120:",
"text": "So if the constructed language is machine code, that is very fine, because the syntax (the grammar) is very simple and the meaning of each instruction can be verified [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1974, Enid Mumford, Harold Sackman, International Federation for Information Processing, Human Choice and Computers: Proceedings of the IFIP Conference on Human Choice and Computers, Vienna, April 1–5, 1974, North-Holland Pub. Co., →ISBN, page 19:",
"text": "Considering the versatility of natural language, it is indeed astonishing that constructed languages like algebra and programming languages were introduced and became successful.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Alex Scott, What Is Expression? How a Formal Theory Can Clarify the Expressive Possibilities of Language, iUniverse, →ISBN, page 107:",
"text": "Among the kinds of expressive vocabularies that a speaker or writer may employ are emotional, moral, religious, aesthetic, scientific, technical, logical, mathematical, natural language, and constructed language (such as programming language or indexing language) vocabularies.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any language—whether a human language, a programming language, or markup language—that is not a natural language."
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "natlang"
},
{
"word": "natural language"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Linguistics"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2004, Steven Roger Fischer, A History of Language:",
"text": "The first practical constructed language was the south-west German Pastor Schleyer's Volapük from 1879; its complicated grammar and irregular vocabulary made learning difficult, however. The most successful has been Esperanto, devised by the Warsaw ophthalmologist Ludwig Zamenhof in 1887, that today can count some one million speakers.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Inc Icon Group International, Repeat: Webster's Quotations, Facts and Phrases, ICON Group International, →ISBN, page 587:",
"text": "[...] Unas Language from the science fiction television series Stargate SG-1 is a simplistic constructed language that lends itself to quick, sharp sentences.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A human language that has been consciously devised by an individual or a group, as opposed to having naturally evolved as part of a culture like a natural language."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"human",
"human#Adjective"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"consciously",
"consciously"
],
[
"devise",
"devise"
],
[
"individual",
"individual#Noun"
],
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
],
[
"naturally",
"naturally"
],
[
"evolve",
"evolve"
],
[
"culture",
"culture#Noun"
],
[
"natural language",
"natural language"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) A human language that has been consciously devised by an individual or a group, as opposed to having naturally evolved as part of a culture like a natural language."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "artificial language"
},
{
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "conlang"
},
{
"word": "planned language"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Linguistics"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1844, Henry Cockton, Sylvester Sound, the somnambulist, pages 203–204:",
"text": "It has been said that— when I made the observation, that if they were not married they ought to be—I endeavoured to stab their reputation. Now, I'll prove that I endeavoured to do nothing of the sort. [...] I'll prove it by logic, and I defy all the mathematicians in the habitable globe to known it down. I'll prove it by the regular mathematical construction of the English language, and will any man tell me there's any constructed language in the universe more mathematically regular than that?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1855, Benjamin Humphrey Smart, Thought and Language..., Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, page 165:",
"text": "Who does not understand, as single parts of speech, all the common combinations which serve to connect and carry on construction, such as in-consequence-of, on-this-account, [...], and the like? Indeed, we are entitled to say of ordinary common-place speakers, that as they scarcely use constructed language except in forms already existing, so, with them, each thought finds an immediate sign in some familiar sentence; but then, be it observed, the parts which compose the sign have ceased to be separately significant: the sentences so used have been brought back to the condition of original or natural language, that of exclamations, — they have ceased to be logical, by having become purely rhetorical.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1867, David King, The British Harbinger, David King, page 384:",
"text": "What we ordinarily term language is made up of vocal signs of an arbitrary character, with corresponding written signs. As general principles are recognized in the construction and arrangement of these signs, we see at once the reason that brutes have no artificial language — that is, no sign that are agreed upon as expressive of ideas. They do indeed have a natural language, made up of natural signs, cries, and motions, which vary in different tribes of animals; but artificial, that is, constructed language, is a wholly different thing, although it may incorporate into itself features from natural language. The parrot is indeed said to talk, but it is sheer imitation; and he never originates any language.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any language used by people, as opposed to less civilized means of communication, such as the socialization between animals."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"communication",
"communication"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics, archaic) Any language used by people, as opposed to less civilized means of communication, such as the socialization between animals."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "kunsmatige taal"
},
{
"alt": "luḡa(t) muṣṭanaʕa",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "لُغَة مُصْطَنَعَة"
},
{
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "luenga construita"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llingua construyida"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "süni dil"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "hizkuntza eraikia"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "nirmito bhaśa",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "নির্মিত ভাষা"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llengua artificial"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "人工語言"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "réngōng yǔyán",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "人工语言"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umělý jazyk"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "kunstsprog"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kunsttaal"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "planlingvo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "tehiskeel"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "keinotekoinen kieli"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "tekokieli"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "keinokieli"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "langue construite"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "idéolangue"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lingua artificial"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kunstsprache"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Plansprache"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "konstruierte Sprache"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "technití glóssa",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "τεχνητή γλώσσα"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "שָׂפָה מְתֻּכְנֶנֶת"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kŕtrim bhāṣā",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "कृत्रिम भाषा"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "mesterséges nyelv"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "tilbúið tungumál"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gervimál"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "planlinguo"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "bahasa buatan"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "lingua construite"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "lingua artificial"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "teanga chumtha"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lingua artificiale"
},
{
"alt": "じんこうげんご",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jinkōgengo",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "人工言語"
},
{
"code": "jv",
"lang": "Javanese",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "basa damelan"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "kṛtaka bhāṣegaḷu",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "ಕೃತಕ ಭಾಷೆಗಳು"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "jasandy tıl",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "жасанды тіл"
},
{
"alt": "人工語",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "in'gong'eo",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "인공어"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lingua artificialis"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lingua constructa"
},
{
"code": "li",
"lang": "Limburgish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "kunstaol"
},
{
"code": "mg",
"lang": "Malagasy",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "fiteny foronina"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "lingwa mibnija"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "kŕtrimrityā tayār kelelī bhāṣā",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "कृत्रिमरित्या तयार केलेली भाषा"
},
{
"code": "nqo",
"lang": "N'Ko",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "ߞߊ߲߫ ߛߌ߲ߘߌߣߍ߲"
},
{
"code": "nrm",
"lang": "Narom",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "laungue construite"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "kunstig språk"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "kunstig språk"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lenga construcha"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "زبان فراساخته"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "język sztuczny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "língua artificial"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iskússtvennyj jazýk",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "иску́сственный язы́к"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "conleid"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "constructit leid"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "umjetni jezici"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "umjetni jezik"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "lingua artificiali"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "umelý jazyk"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umetni jezik"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lengua construida"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "lengua artificial"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "lugha ya kuundwa"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "yapay dil"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "yapma dil"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "ngôn ngữ được xây dựng"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "mekavapük"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "pük mekavik"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "keunsttaal"
},
{
"code": "pnb",
"lang": "Western Panjabi",
"roman": "mṣnoʻy zbān",
"sense": "artificially created language",
"word": "مصنوعی زبان"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"constructed language"
],
"word": "constructed language"
}
Download raw JSONL data for constructed language meaning in All languages combined (17.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.