See chmiel on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "chmielik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "chmielina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "chmielnica"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "chmielnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "polny chmiel"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "chmiel",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Polish: chmiel, hmiel (Middle Polish), kmiel (Lasovia)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: chmiel, hmiel (Middle Polish), kmiel (Lasovia)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "chmiyl"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: chmiyl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: chmiyl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xъmèľь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xъmèľь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xъmèľь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xъmèľь",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1399"
},
"expansion": "1399",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1399"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1399",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xъmèľь. First attested in 1399.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chmielny",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "chmielny"
},
"expansion": "chmiel m inan (related adjective chmielny)",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 10 1 1 13 1 1 8 21 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
14
]
],
"ref": "1897 [1399], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume IV, number 2090, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "Ne darł chmelu Pelcze",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
28,
33
]
],
"ref": "1902 [1401], “Wybór zapisek sądowych grodzkich i ziemskich wielkopolskich z XV wieku”, in Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Studia, rozprawy i materiały z dziedziny historii polskiej i prawa polskiego, volume 6, Poznań, Pyzdry, Kościan, Gniezno, page 52:",
"text": "Ian zalowal na Sandziuoia o chmel",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
27
]
],
"ref": "1920 [1411], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume I, number 1672, Płońsk:",
"text": "Yakom ya ne poczosal chmelu Wszeborowa",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
84,
89
]
],
"ref": "1861 [1423], Józef Przyborowski, editor, Vetustissimam adiectivorum linguae Polonae declinationem monumentis ineditis illustravit, Greater Poland, page 16:",
"text": "Jaco czsso moy ludze wczandzaly wlodarza to wcządzaly w mem lesse prawem, a on rwe chmel",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
17
]
],
"ref": "1920 [1425], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume II, number 1253, Zakroczym:",
"text": "O kthori ch[y]mel Andrzey na Marczina zalowal, o tho szø s nim uprauil, esze ne mal nan zalowacz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 2634:",
"text": "Chmyel herba volubilis maior, humulus, lupulus",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 2835:",
"text": "Chmel yolubilis, herba volubilis",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
30
]
],
"ref": "1950 [1437], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 492, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jakom ya Stanislawowi chmyelya nye widarl w gego lyessze",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
14
]
],
"ref": "1921 [1455], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Procesy twórcze formowania się społeczeństwa polskiego w wiekach średnich, page 256:",
"text": "Corum chmyelyu",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
22
]
],
"ref": "1921 [1455], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Procesy twórcze formowania się społeczeństwa polskiego w wiekach średnich, page 293:",
"text": "Medium coreum chmyelyu",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
39
]
],
"ref": "1950 [1463], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 1162, Warsaw:",
"text": "Nye hycrathl hossmynacze corczy chmyely",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
51,
57
]
],
"ref": "1907 [c. 1470], Jakub Parkoszowic, edited by Jan Łoś, Traktat o ortografii polskiej, Żurawica, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Krakow, page 40:",
"text": "De ch... asperato nulla est difficultas ut: chleb, chmeel",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1472], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 914:",
"text": "Ch[y]myel humulus",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
16
]
],
"ref": "1950 [1494], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 1764a, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jakom ya chmyelv yego nye sdarl s chleva yego gwalthem",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
38
]
],
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 61v:",
"text": "Humulus est quedam herba hopffe chmyel",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-zlw-opl-noun-BAkn5hgh",
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
],
[
"Humulus lupulus",
"Humulus lupulus#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "Greater Poland; Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland, Masovia, Lesser Poland) hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish hapax legomena",
"parents": [
"Hapax legomena",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 10 1 1 13 1 1 8 21 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 2804:",
"text": "Chmel sparagus, summitates tenere lupuli",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)",
"hop (flowers of the hop plant)"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-zlw-opl-noun-TIWZEaUC",
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
],
[
"Humulus lupulus",
"Humulus lupulus#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "Greater Poland; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland, Masovia, Lesser Poland) hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)",
"(hapax legomenon) hop (flowers of the hop plant)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xmiélʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/xmiélʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "chmiel"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chmiel aromatyczny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chmiel goryczkowy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "chmiel",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish chmiel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "chmiel"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish chmiel",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish chmiel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chmielowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmieli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hmiel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kmiel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "chmielowy"
},
"expansion": "chmiel m inan (related adjective chmielowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chmiel"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chmie",
"2": "l",
"gens": "chmielu",
"noms": "chmiel"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 4 3 16 4 4 14 20 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Rosales order plants",
"orig": "pl:Rosales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun-BAkn5hgh",
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
],
[
"Humulus lupulus",
"Humulus lupulus#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hop (flowers of the hop plant)"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun-9CKSLqIl",
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of nieporządek"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun-V-7cllbw",
"links": [
[
"nieporządek",
"nieporządek#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Synonym of nieporządek"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nieporządek"
},
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "nieporządek"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 11 10 1 1 13 1 1 8 21 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 1 4 15 4 4 11 24 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 4 17 3 3 15 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 4 18 4 4 15 22 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 4 18 3 3 14 22 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 8 16 3 3 13 22 25",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Beer",
"orig": "pl:Beer",
"parents": [
"Alcoholic beverages",
"Beverages",
"Recreational drugs",
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Drugs",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Health",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 4 3 16 4 4 14 20 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Rosales order plants",
"orig": "pl:Rosales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hop tribute (tribute of hops, given to a court by its subjects)"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun-uJt1ep7h",
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
],
[
"tribute",
"tribute"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) hop tribute (tribute of hops, given to a court by its subjects)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of trunek"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun-0WQMLAuN",
"links": [
[
"trunek",
"trunek#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Synonym of trunek"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "trunek"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of trunek",
"Synonym of piwo"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun--Laf~4EW",
"links": [
[
"trunek",
"trunek#Polish"
],
[
"piwo",
"piwo#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Synonym of trunek",
"(obsolete) Synonym of piwo"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "piwo"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 1 4 15 4 4 11 24 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 4 17 3 3 15 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 4 18 4 4 15 22 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 4 18 3 3 14 22 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 8 16 3 3 13 22 25",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Beer",
"orig": "pl:Beer",
"parents": [
"Alcoholic beverages",
"Beverages",
"Recreational drugs",
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Drugs",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Health",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 4 3 16 4 4 14 20 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Rosales order plants",
"orig": "pl:Rosales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of upicie się"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun--jNugYM2",
"links": [
[
"upicie się",
"upicie#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) Synonym of upicie się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "upicie się"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjel/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛlʲ]",
"note": "Podlachia"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/",
"note": "Kraków"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛl"
},
{
"homophone": "Chmiel"
}
],
"word": "chmiel"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "chmielić"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "chmiel",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish chmiel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "chmiel"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish chmiel",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish chmiel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmieli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hmiel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kmiel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "chmiel m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chmiel"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chmie",
"2": "l",
"noms": "chmiel"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Ethnography",
"orig": "pl:Ethnography",
"parents": [
"Anthropology",
"Social sciences",
"Zoology",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"Biology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 10 1 1 13 1 1 8 21 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 1 4 15 4 4 11 24 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 4 17 3 3 15 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 4 18 4 4 15 22 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 4 18 3 3 14 22 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 8 16 3 3 13 22 25",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Beer",
"orig": "pl:Beer",
"parents": [
"Alcoholic beverages",
"Beverages",
"Recreational drugs",
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Drugs",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Health",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 4 3 16 4 4 14 20 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Rosales order plants",
"orig": "pl:Rosales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"veil song (folk wedding song, sung during the ceremony of pinning the bride's veil)"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun-hfvczhrX",
"links": [
[
"ethnography",
"ethnography"
],
[
"veil",
"veil"
],
[
"song",
"song"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ethnography) veil song (folk wedding song, sung during the ceremony of pinning the bride's veil)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anthropology",
"ethnography",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Ethnography",
"orig": "pl:Ethnography",
"parents": [
"Anthropology",
"Social sciences",
"Zoology",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"Biology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 10 1 1 11 1 1 7 16 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 10 1 1 13 1 1 8 21 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 1 4 15 4 4 11 24 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 4 17 3 3 15 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 4 18 4 4 15 22 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 4 18 3 3 14 22 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 8 16 3 3 13 22 25",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Beer",
"orig": "pl:Beer",
"parents": [
"Alcoholic beverages",
"Beverages",
"Recreational drugs",
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Drugs",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Health",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 4 3 16 4 4 14 20 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Rosales order plants",
"orig": "pl:Rosales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"veil dance (dance in accompaniment these songs in which the bride dances with all the guests)"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun-c3f-IPKX",
"links": [
[
"ethnography",
"ethnography"
],
[
"veil",
"veil"
],
[
"dance",
"dance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ethnography) veil dance (dance in accompaniment these songs in which the bride dances with all the guests)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anthropology",
"ethnography",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjel/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛlʲ]",
"note": "Podlachia"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/",
"note": "Kraków"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛl"
},
{
"homophone": "Chmiel"
}
],
"word": "chmiel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish inanimate nouns",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish masculine nouns",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"pl:Beer",
"pl:Rosales order plants",
"zlw-opl:Rosales order plants"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "chmielik"
},
{
"word": "chmielina"
},
{
"word": "chmielnica"
},
{
"word": "chmielnik"
},
{
"word": "polny chmiel"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "chmiel",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Polish: chmiel, hmiel (Middle Polish), kmiel (Lasovia)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: chmiel, hmiel (Middle Polish), kmiel (Lasovia)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "chmiyl"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: chmiyl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: chmiyl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xъmèľь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xъmèľь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xъmèľь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xъmèľь",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1399"
},
"expansion": "1399",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1399"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1399",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xъmèľь. First attested in 1399.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chmielny",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "chmielny"
},
"expansion": "chmiel m inan (related adjective chmielny)",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
14
]
],
"ref": "1897 [1399], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume IV, number 2090, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "Ne darł chmelu Pelcze",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
28,
33
]
],
"ref": "1902 [1401], “Wybór zapisek sądowych grodzkich i ziemskich wielkopolskich z XV wieku”, in Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Studia, rozprawy i materiały z dziedziny historii polskiej i prawa polskiego, volume 6, Poznań, Pyzdry, Kościan, Gniezno, page 52:",
"text": "Ian zalowal na Sandziuoia o chmel",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
27
]
],
"ref": "1920 [1411], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume I, number 1672, Płońsk:",
"text": "Yakom ya ne poczosal chmelu Wszeborowa",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
84,
89
]
],
"ref": "1861 [1423], Józef Przyborowski, editor, Vetustissimam adiectivorum linguae Polonae declinationem monumentis ineditis illustravit, Greater Poland, page 16:",
"text": "Jaco czsso moy ludze wczandzaly wlodarza to wcządzaly w mem lesse prawem, a on rwe chmel",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
17
]
],
"ref": "1920 [1425], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume II, number 1253, Zakroczym:",
"text": "O kthori ch[y]mel Andrzey na Marczina zalowal, o tho szø s nim uprauil, esze ne mal nan zalowacz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 2634:",
"text": "Chmyel herba volubilis maior, humulus, lupulus",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 2835:",
"text": "Chmel yolubilis, herba volubilis",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
30
]
],
"ref": "1950 [1437], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 492, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jakom ya Stanislawowi chmyelya nye widarl w gego lyessze",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
14
]
],
"ref": "1921 [1455], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Procesy twórcze formowania się społeczeństwa polskiego w wiekach średnich, page 256:",
"text": "Corum chmyelyu",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
22
]
],
"ref": "1921 [1455], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Procesy twórcze formowania się społeczeństwa polskiego w wiekach średnich, page 293:",
"text": "Medium coreum chmyelyu",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
39
]
],
"ref": "1950 [1463], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 1162, Warsaw:",
"text": "Nye hycrathl hossmynacze corczy chmyely",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
51,
57
]
],
"ref": "1907 [c. 1470], Jakub Parkoszowic, edited by Jan Łoś, Traktat o ortografii polskiej, Żurawica, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Krakow, page 40:",
"text": "De ch... asperato nulla est difficultas ut: chleb, chmeel",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1472], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 914:",
"text": "Ch[y]myel humulus",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
16
]
],
"ref": "1950 [1494], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 1764a, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jakom ya chmyelv yego nye sdarl s chleva yego gwalthem",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
38
]
],
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 61v:",
"text": "Humulus est quedam herba hopffe chmyel",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)"
],
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
],
[
"Humulus lupulus",
"Humulus lupulus#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "Greater Poland; Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland, Masovia, Lesser Poland) hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish hapax legomena",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 2804:",
"text": "Chmel sparagus, summitates tenere lupuli",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)",
"hop (flowers of the hop plant)"
],
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
],
[
"Humulus lupulus",
"Humulus lupulus#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "Greater Poland; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland, Masovia, Lesser Poland) hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)",
"(hapax legomenon) hop (flowers of the hop plant)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xmiélʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/xmiélʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "chmiel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛl",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛl/1 syllable",
"pl:Beer",
"pl:Rosales order plants"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "chmiel aromatyczny"
},
{
"word": "chmiel goryczkowy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "chmiel",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish chmiel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "chmiel"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish chmiel",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish chmiel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chmielowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmieli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hmiel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kmiel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "chmielowy"
},
"expansion": "chmiel m inan (related adjective chmielowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chmiel"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chmie",
"2": "l",
"gens": "chmielu",
"noms": "chmiel"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)"
],
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
],
[
"Humulus lupulus",
"Humulus lupulus#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hop (flowers of the hop plant)"
],
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of nieporządek"
],
"links": [
[
"nieporządek",
"nieporządek#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Synonym of nieporządek"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nieporządek"
},
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "nieporządek"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"hop tribute (tribute of hops, given to a court by its subjects)"
],
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
],
[
"tribute",
"tribute"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) hop tribute (tribute of hops, given to a court by its subjects)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of trunek"
],
"links": [
[
"trunek",
"trunek#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Synonym of trunek"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "trunek"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of trunek",
"Synonym of piwo"
],
"links": [
[
"trunek",
"trunek#Polish"
],
[
"piwo",
"piwo#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Synonym of trunek",
"(obsolete) Synonym of piwo"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "piwo"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of upicie się"
],
"links": [
[
"upicie się",
"upicie#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) Synonym of upicie się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "upicie się"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjel/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛlʲ]",
"note": "Podlachia"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/",
"note": "Kraków"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛl"
},
{
"homophone": "Chmiel"
}
],
"word": "chmiel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛl",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛl/1 syllable",
"pl:Beer",
"pl:Rosales order plants"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "chmielić"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "chmiel",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish chmiel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "chmiel"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish chmiel",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish chmiel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmieli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hmiel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kmiel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "chmiel m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chmiel"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chmie",
"2": "l",
"noms": "chmiel"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pl:Ethnography"
],
"glosses": [
"veil song (folk wedding song, sung during the ceremony of pinning the bride's veil)"
],
"links": [
[
"ethnography",
"ethnography"
],
[
"veil",
"veil"
],
[
"song",
"song"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ethnography) veil song (folk wedding song, sung during the ceremony of pinning the bride's veil)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anthropology",
"ethnography",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Ethnography"
],
"glosses": [
"veil dance (dance in accompaniment these songs in which the bride dances with all the guests)"
],
"links": [
[
"ethnography",
"ethnography"
],
[
"veil",
"veil"
],
[
"dance",
"dance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ethnography) veil dance (dance in accompaniment these songs in which the bride dances with all the guests)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anthropology",
"ethnography",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjel/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛlʲ]",
"note": "Podlachia"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/",
"note": "Kraków"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛl"
},
{
"homophone": "Chmiel"
}
],
"word": "chmiel"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chmiel meaning in All languages combined (17.1kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland, Masovia, Lesser Poland",
"path": [
"chmiel"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chmiel",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland, Masovia, Lesser Poland",
"path": [
"chmiel"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chmiel",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland, Masovia, Lesser Poland",
"path": [
"chmiel"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chmiel",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland, Masovia, Lesser Poland",
"path": [
"chmiel"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chmiel",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"chmiel"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chmiel",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"chmiel"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chmiel",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (74c5344 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.