See caled on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for caled meaning in All languages combined (5.5kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "callus",
"word": "caleden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "hardship",
"word": "caledi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to harden",
"word": "caledu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "hardware",
"word": "caledwedd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "hard-shield ferns",
"word": "gwrychredyn caled"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "caled"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh caled",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kaletos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kaletos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "calet"
},
"expansion": "Breton calet",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "calath"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish calath",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "calad"
},
"expansion": "calad",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelH-",
"4": "*kal-",
"5": "hard"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“hard”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "callum",
"3": "",
"4": "a hard substance"
},
"expansion": "Latin callum (“a hard substance”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "call",
"nocap": "1",
"t1": "wise, sensible"
},
"expansion": "doublet of call (“wise, sensible”)",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh caled, from Proto-Celtic *kaletos (compare Breton calet, Middle Irish calath, calad), from Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“hard”). See Latin callum (“a hard substance”). Possible doublet of call (“wise, sensible”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "caled",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caledion",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caleted",
"tags": [
"equative"
]
},
{
"form": "caletach",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "caletaf",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ach",
"pl": "caledion",
"stem": "calet"
},
"expansion": "caled (feminine singular caled, plural caledion, equative caleted, comparative caletach, superlative caletaf)",
"name": "cy-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "meddal"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The biscuits are very hard",
"text": "Mae'r bisgedi'n galed iawn",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard (resistant to pressure)"
],
"id": "en-caled-cy-adj-0JijHJZB",
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "anidd"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The work is very hard",
"text": "Mae'r gwaith yn galed iawn",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard, difficult"
],
"id": "en-caled-cy-adj-tGyzzOgt",
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hawdd"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkalɛd/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkalad/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈka(ː)lɛd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-alɛd"
}
],
"word": "caled"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "caled"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh caled",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kaletos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kaletos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "calet"
},
"expansion": "Breton calet",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "calath"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish calath",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "calad"
},
"expansion": "calad",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelH-",
"4": "*kal-",
"5": "hard"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“hard”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "callum",
"3": "",
"4": "a hard substance"
},
"expansion": "Latin callum (“a hard substance”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "call",
"nocap": "1",
"t1": "wise, sensible"
},
"expansion": "doublet of call (“wise, sensible”)",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh caled, from Proto-Celtic *kaletos (compare Breton calet, Middle Irish calath, calad), from Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“hard”). See Latin callum (“a hard substance”). Possible doublet of call (“wise, sensible”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "caledion",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "celyd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "caled",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "galed",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghaled",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "chaled",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "caledion",
"pl2": "celyd"
},
"expansion": "caled m (plural caledion or celyd)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"battle, hard struggle, distress; hard object"
],
"id": "en-caled-cy-noun-gYjwadHy",
"links": [
[
"battle",
"battle"
],
[
"struggle",
"struggle"
],
[
"distress",
"distress"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 19 23 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"miser, niggard"
],
"id": "en-caled-cy-noun-WnAbj~TW",
"links": [
[
"miser",
"miser"
],
[
"niggard",
"niggard"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkalɛd/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkalad/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈka(ː)lɛd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-alɛd"
}
],
"word": "caled"
}
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Welsh/alɛd",
"Rhymes:Welsh/alɛd/2 syllables",
"Welsh adjectives",
"Welsh adjectives with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh doublets",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "callus",
"word": "caleden"
},
{
"english": "hardship",
"word": "caledi"
},
{
"english": "to harden",
"word": "caledu"
},
{
"english": "hardware",
"word": "caledwedd"
},
{
"english": "hard-shield ferns",
"word": "gwrychredyn caled"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "caled"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh caled",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kaletos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kaletos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "calet"
},
"expansion": "Breton calet",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "calath"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish calath",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "calad"
},
"expansion": "calad",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelH-",
"4": "*kal-",
"5": "hard"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“hard”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "callum",
"3": "",
"4": "a hard substance"
},
"expansion": "Latin callum (“a hard substance”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "call",
"nocap": "1",
"t1": "wise, sensible"
},
"expansion": "doublet of call (“wise, sensible”)",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh caled, from Proto-Celtic *kaletos (compare Breton calet, Middle Irish calath, calad), from Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“hard”). See Latin callum (“a hard substance”). Possible doublet of call (“wise, sensible”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "caled",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caledion",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caleted",
"tags": [
"equative"
]
},
{
"form": "caletach",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "caletaf",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ach",
"pl": "caledion",
"stem": "calet"
},
"expansion": "caled (feminine singular caled, plural caledion, equative caleted, comparative caletach, superlative caletaf)",
"name": "cy-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "meddal"
}
],
"categories": [
"Welsh terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The biscuits are very hard",
"text": "Mae'r bisgedi'n galed iawn",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard (resistant to pressure)"
],
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "anidd"
}
],
"categories": [
"Welsh terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The work is very hard",
"text": "Mae'r gwaith yn galed iawn",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard, difficult"
],
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hawdd"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkalɛd/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkalad/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈka(ː)lɛd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-alɛd"
}
],
"word": "caled"
}
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Welsh/alɛd",
"Rhymes:Welsh/alɛd/2 syllables",
"Welsh adjectives",
"Welsh adjectives with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh doublets",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "caled"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh caled",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kaletos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kaletos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "calet"
},
"expansion": "Breton calet",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "calath"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish calath",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "calad"
},
"expansion": "calad",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelH-",
"4": "*kal-",
"5": "hard"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“hard”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "callum",
"3": "",
"4": "a hard substance"
},
"expansion": "Latin callum (“a hard substance”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "call",
"nocap": "1",
"t1": "wise, sensible"
},
"expansion": "doublet of call (“wise, sensible”)",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh caled, from Proto-Celtic *kaletos (compare Breton calet, Middle Irish calath, calad), from Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“hard”). See Latin callum (“a hard substance”). Possible doublet of call (“wise, sensible”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "caledion",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "celyd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "caled",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "galed",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghaled",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "chaled",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "caledion",
"pl2": "celyd"
},
"expansion": "caled m (plural caledion or celyd)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"battle, hard struggle, distress; hard object"
],
"links": [
[
"battle",
"battle"
],
[
"struggle",
"struggle"
],
[
"distress",
"distress"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"miser, niggard"
],
"links": [
[
"miser",
"miser"
],
[
"niggard",
"niggard"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkalɛd/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkalad/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈka(ː)lɛd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-alɛd"
}
],
"word": "caled"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.