See bowen on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "English: (to) bow"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "boo"
},
"expansion": "Scots: boo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: boo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "būgan"
},
"expansion": "Old English būgan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*beugan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *beugan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English būgan, from Proto-West Germanic *beugan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2 or weak in -ed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bowen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to bowen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beigh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bowed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bowest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beigh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bowedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "boweth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beigh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bowed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bowed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bowen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bowen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "boweden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bowede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "boweth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bowynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bowende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bowen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bowed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "bowen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bow",
"2": "beigh",
"3": "bow",
"c": "2",
"w": "ed",
"y": "p2"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 23 11 23 22 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 15 14 22 21 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To bow, kneel"
],
"id": "en-bowen-enm-verb-61JB6w0M",
"links": [
[
"bow",
"bow"
],
[
"kneel",
"kneel"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 23 11 23 22 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 15 14 22 21 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To submit, be obedient,"
],
"id": "en-bowen-enm-verb-PLJt78CU",
"links": [
[
"submit",
"submit"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 23 11 23 22 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 15 14 22 21 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fall, lie"
],
"id": "en-bowen-enm-verb-ijQT9ecm",
"links": [
[
"fall",
"fall"
],
[
"lie",
"lie"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 19 10 36 17 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 23 11 23 22 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 15 14 22 21 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To end, disappear"
],
"id": "en-bowen-enm-verb-HcdPLG3R",
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) To end, disappear"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 23 11 23 22 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 15 14 22 21 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To bend, curve, cause to bend"
],
"id": "en-bowen-enm-verb-rXUC-YIz",
"links": [
[
"bend",
"bend"
],
[
"curve",
"curve"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 23 11 23 22 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 15 14 22 21 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To turn, move, come, go"
],
"id": "en-bowen-enm-verb-RWBen3xM",
"links": [
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"come",
"come"
],
[
"go",
"go"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbuːən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bouȝen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "buȝen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bouwen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "buwen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bowe"
}
],
"word": "bowen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 2 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "English: (to) bow"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "boo"
},
"expansion": "Scots: boo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: boo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "būgan"
},
"expansion": "Old English būgan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*beugan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *beugan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English būgan, from Proto-West Germanic *beugan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2 or weak in -ed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bowen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to bowen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beigh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bowed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bowest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beigh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bowedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "boweth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beigh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bowed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bowed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bowen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bowen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "boweden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bowede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "boweth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bowynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bowende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bowen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bowed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "bowen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bow",
"2": "beigh",
"3": "bow",
"c": "2",
"w": "ed",
"y": "p2"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To bow, kneel"
],
"links": [
[
"bow",
"bow"
],
[
"kneel",
"kneel"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To submit, be obedient,"
],
"links": [
[
"submit",
"submit"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To fall, lie"
],
"links": [
[
"fall",
"fall"
],
[
"lie",
"lie"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To end, disappear"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) To end, disappear"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To bend, curve, cause to bend"
],
"links": [
[
"bend",
"bend"
],
[
"curve",
"curve"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To turn, move, come, go"
],
"links": [
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"come",
"come"
],
[
"go",
"go"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbuːən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bouȝen"
},
{
"word": "buȝen"
},
{
"word": "bouwen"
},
{
"word": "buwen"
},
{
"word": "bowe"
}
],
"word": "bowen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bowen meaning in All languages combined (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (f889f65 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.