See atrabilious on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for atrabilious meaning in All languages combined (6.8kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "ātra bīlis",
"4": "",
"5": "black bile"
},
"expansion": "Latin ātra bīlis (“black bile”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "āter",
"3": "",
"4": "dark, black"
},
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "bīlis",
"3": "",
"4": "bile"
},
"expansion": "bīlis (“bile”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "ous",
"t2": "full of"
},
"expansion": "+ -ous (“full of”)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin ātra bīlis (“black bile”) (āter (“dark, black”) + bīlis (“bile”)) + -ous (“full of”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more atrabilious",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most atrabilious",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "atrabilious (comparative more atrabilious, superlative most atrabilious)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"atra‧bili‧ous"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "atrabilarious"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "atrabiliously"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "atrabiliousness"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
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"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "58 20 22",
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"parents": [
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "51 21 28",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 21 24",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 35 36",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "en:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1645, Arthur Wilson, quoted in Antonia Fraser, The Weaker Vessel: Woman's Lot in Seventeenth-century England, London: George Weidenfeld & Nicolson Ltd., 1984, ISBN 978-0-297-78381-7",
"text": "[I] could see nothing in the evidence which did persuade me to think them other than poor, melancholy, envious, mischievous, ill-disposed, ill-dieted, atrabilious constitutions."
},
{
"ref": "1781, William Grant, Some Observations on the Origin and Progress of the Atrabilious Constitution and Gout. Chap. IV. Containing the Regular, Cardinal Fit, London: Printed for T[homas] Cadell, in the Strand, →OCLC, pages 2–3",
"text": "In like manner, all the atrabilious diſeaſes require a regimen, nearly ſimilar, during the interval of the fits, to alter the atrabilious conſtitution which gives riſe to them all; but each requires a ſpecial method of cure, peculiarly adapted to the organ on which the fluxion falls after the fit is formed. Thus, e.g. the piles require a treatment different from a fit of the gout; and ſo of the others.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having an excess of black bile."
],
"id": "en-atrabilious-en-adj-xQimT6OL",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"black bile",
"black bile"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine, obsolete) Having an excess of black bile."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 35 36",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "en:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1896, Richard Le Gallienne, Prose Fancies, London: John Lane, →OCLC",
"text": "But the torch of taste has for the moment fallen into the hands of little men, anæmic and atrabilious, with neither laughter nor pity in their hearts.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1939, Time, volume 34, number 1, page 48",
"text": "Lame, lank, atrabilious Charles Grey Grey [sic] is a 32nd generation Northumberlander.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Characterized by melancholy."
],
"id": "en-atrabilious-en-adj-TEMpla5z",
"links": [
[
"melancholy",
"melancholy"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "17 79 4",
"sense": "characterized by melancholy",
"word": "sad"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 35 36",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "en:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1927, Aristotle, translated by E[dward] M[organ] Forster, edited by J[ohn] A[lexander] Smith and W[illiam] D[avid] Ross, Problemata [The Works of Aristotle; vol. 7], Oxford: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, Book XXX, chapter 1",
"text": "Why is it that all those who have become eminent in philosophy or politics or poetry or the arts are clearly of an atrabilious temperament, and some of them to such an extent as to be affected by diseases caused by black bile, as is said to have happened to Heracles among the heroes? For he appears to have been of this nature, wherefore epileptic afflictions were called by the ancients 'the sacred disease' after him. That his temperament was atrabilious is shown by the fury which he displayed towards his children and the eruption of sores which took place on Mount Oeta; for this often occurs as the result of black bile.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1946, Edumnd Crispin, The Moving Toyshop: A Detective Story, London: Victor Gollancz, →OCLC, page 40",
"text": "Fen was in an atrabilious mood. \"You've been the devil of a time,\" he grumbled as Lily Christine III got under way again.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1993, Patrick O'Brian, The Wine-Dark Sea, London: HarperCollins",
"text": "Yet at the same time he detected much of this same cheerfulness throughout the ship and something not very far from apparent unconcern, even in so atrabilious a soul as Killick.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ill-natured; malevolent; cantankerous."
],
"id": "en-atrabilious-en-adj-ofipAIBF",
"links": [
[
"Ill-natured",
"ill-natured"
],
[
"malevolent",
"malevolent"
],
[
"cantankerous",
"cantankerous"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌæ.tɹəˈbɪl.i.əs/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-atrabilious.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-atrabilious.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-atrabilious.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lamentable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "ill-natured",
"word": "irritable"
}
],
"word": "atrabilious"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 5-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms suffixed with -ous",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English undefined derivations",
"en:Emotions"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "ātra bīlis",
"4": "",
"5": "black bile"
},
"expansion": "Latin ātra bīlis (“black bile”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "āter",
"3": "",
"4": "dark, black"
},
"expansion": "āter (“dark, black”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
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"3": "",
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},
"expansion": "bīlis (“bile”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "",
"3": "ous",
"t2": "full of"
},
"expansion": "+ -ous (“full of”)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin ātra bīlis (“black bile”) (āter (“dark, black”) + bīlis (“bile”)) + -ous (“full of”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more atrabilious",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most atrabilious",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "atrabilious (comparative more atrabilious, superlative most atrabilious)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"atra‧bili‧ous"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "atrabilarious"
},
{
"word": "atrabiliously"
},
{
"word": "atrabiliousness"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"English terms with quotations",
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1645, Arthur Wilson, quoted in Antonia Fraser, The Weaker Vessel: Woman's Lot in Seventeenth-century England, London: George Weidenfeld & Nicolson Ltd., 1984, ISBN 978-0-297-78381-7",
"text": "[I] could see nothing in the evidence which did persuade me to think them other than poor, melancholy, envious, mischievous, ill-disposed, ill-dieted, atrabilious constitutions."
},
{
"ref": "1781, William Grant, Some Observations on the Origin and Progress of the Atrabilious Constitution and Gout. Chap. IV. Containing the Regular, Cardinal Fit, London: Printed for T[homas] Cadell, in the Strand, →OCLC, pages 2–3",
"text": "In like manner, all the atrabilious diſeaſes require a regimen, nearly ſimilar, during the interval of the fits, to alter the atrabilious conſtitution which gives riſe to them all; but each requires a ſpecial method of cure, peculiarly adapted to the organ on which the fluxion falls after the fit is formed. Thus, e.g. the piles require a treatment different from a fit of the gout; and ſo of the others.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having an excess of black bile."
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"black bile",
"black bile"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine, obsolete) Having an excess of black bile."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1896, Richard Le Gallienne, Prose Fancies, London: John Lane, →OCLC",
"text": "But the torch of taste has for the moment fallen into the hands of little men, anæmic and atrabilious, with neither laughter nor pity in their hearts.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1939, Time, volume 34, number 1, page 48",
"text": "Lame, lank, atrabilious Charles Grey Grey [sic] is a 32nd generation Northumberlander.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Characterized by melancholy."
],
"links": [
[
"melancholy",
"melancholy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1927, Aristotle, translated by E[dward] M[organ] Forster, edited by J[ohn] A[lexander] Smith and W[illiam] D[avid] Ross, Problemata [The Works of Aristotle; vol. 7], Oxford: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, Book XXX, chapter 1",
"text": "Why is it that all those who have become eminent in philosophy or politics or poetry or the arts are clearly of an atrabilious temperament, and some of them to such an extent as to be affected by diseases caused by black bile, as is said to have happened to Heracles among the heroes? For he appears to have been of this nature, wherefore epileptic afflictions were called by the ancients 'the sacred disease' after him. That his temperament was atrabilious is shown by the fury which he displayed towards his children and the eruption of sores which took place on Mount Oeta; for this often occurs as the result of black bile.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1946, Edumnd Crispin, The Moving Toyshop: A Detective Story, London: Victor Gollancz, →OCLC, page 40",
"text": "Fen was in an atrabilious mood. \"You've been the devil of a time,\" he grumbled as Lily Christine III got under way again.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1993, Patrick O'Brian, The Wine-Dark Sea, London: HarperCollins",
"text": "Yet at the same time he detected much of this same cheerfulness throughout the ship and something not very far from apparent unconcern, even in so atrabilious a soul as Killick.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ill-natured; malevolent; cantankerous."
],
"links": [
[
"Ill-natured",
"ill-natured"
],
[
"malevolent",
"malevolent"
],
[
"cantankerous",
"cantankerous"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌæ.tɹəˈbɪl.i.əs/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-atrabilious.wav",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "characterized by melancholy",
"word": "sad"
},
{
"word": "lamentable"
},
{
"alt": "ill-natured",
"word": "irritable"
}
],
"word": "atrabilious"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.